Sodium Cyanide ọ ga-agbanwe ozugbo n'ime ikuku?

sodium Cyanide (NaCN) bụ ngwa ama ama maka oke nsi ya ma na-ejikarị ya na ụlọ ọrụ dịka Ngwuputa Ngwuputa, electroplating, na njikọ kemịkalụ. N'inye ọdịdị dị ize ndụ ya, ịghọta omume ya, karịsịa ikike nke ịmegharị ikuku kpọmkwem n'ime ikuku, dị oke mkpa maka nchekwa na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.

Njirimara kemịkalụ nke sodium cyanide

sodium cyanide bụ ihe na-acha ọcha, kristal siri ike nke nwere ebe mgbaze dị elu nke 563.7 Celsius C yana ebe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke 1496 Celsius. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ikuku nkịtị, nke a na-ejikarị okpomọkụ sitere na 20 - 25 Celsius C na nrụgide ikuku ọkọlọtọ, ọ dị na steeti siri ike. Site n'echiche thermodynamic bụ isi, ihe na-achọkarị ntinye ume ka ọ gbanwee site na ọnọdụ siri ike ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri gaa na ọnọdụ ikuku (volatilization). Ebe ọ bụ na ihere okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru esi ebe sodium cyanide, ọ naghị agbanwe ngwa ngwa ka ọ bụrụ gas na-akpaghị aka n'ọnọdụ nkịtị.

Ihe na-emetụta Volatilization

Otú ọ dị, kwụsie ike nke sodium cyanide nwere ike imetụta ihe dị iche iche. Otu ihe dị mkpa bụ mmeghachi omume ya na mmiri na acid. Mgbe ole sodium cyanide na-abanye na kọntaktị na mmiri, ọ na-emepụta hydrolyzes hydrogen cyanide (HCN), gas na-agbanwe nke ukwuu na nke na-egbu egbu. Enwere ike ịnọchite anya mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ dị ka ndị a:

Nhazi nke mmeghachi omume a na-emetụta pH nke ngwọta. Na gburugburu acidic, mmeghachi omume nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, na-akwalite nhazi nke HCN. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na sodium cyanide na-ekpuchi mmiri ozuzo acidic ma ọ bụ mmiri mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ acidic, ọgbọ ngwa ngwa nke gas HCN nwere ike ime, nke na-agbanye n'ime ikuku.

Ihe ọzọ na-akpata bụ elu okpomọkụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ezughị ezu iji mee ka mgbaka sodium cyanide kpọmkwem n'onwe ya, na ihe mberede ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ nchekwa na-ezighị ezi ebe okpomọkụ mpaghara nwere ike ịrị elu nke ukwuu, ike kinetic nke sodium cyanide molecules na-abawanye. Nke a nwere ike ibute mmụba nke mmeghachi omume hydrolysis yana, ya mere, ohere dị elu nke nhazi HCN na mgbanwe.

Nchekwa na Mmetụta gburugburu

Enwere ike ịmepụta na mgbanwe nke HCN site na sodium cyanide nwere nnukwu nchekwa na gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ebe ọrụ, ọ bụrụ na echekwaghị sodium cyanide nke ọma ma ọ bụ na-edozi ya, ikpughe mmiri ma ọ bụ acid na mberede nwere ike ịkpata ntọhapụ nke gas HCN, na-etinye nnukwu nsogbu na ahụike nke ndị ọrụ. Mgbaàmà nke mkpughe HCN nwere ike ịmalite site na nsogbu iku ume dị nro na dizziness gaa na ndụ - ọnọdụ egwu dị ka njide obi na coma.

Na gburugburu ebe obibi, ntọhapụ nke HCN na sodium cyanide nwere ike imerụ ikuku, ala, na mmiri. Ọ nwere ike imerụ ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche, mebie usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ, na ịgbakọta n'usoro nri, na-eme ka mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi dịkwuo njọ.

Mgbochi na Mbelata

Iji gbochie ngbanwe - ihe egwu metụtara sodium cyanide, a ga-agbasorịrị ụkpụrụ nchekwa siri ike. Ekwesịrị ịchekwa sodium cyanide n'ebe kpọrọ nkụ, dị jụụ na nke ọma - ikuku na-eku ume, na-esi na isi iyi na acid. N'ime ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, usoro nlekọta kwesịrị ekwesị, gụnyere iji ngwá ọrụ nchedo onwe onye kwesịrị ekwesị (PPE) na ntinye nke usoro nchọpụta gas, dị mkpa. N'ihe gbasara mwụfu ma ọ bụ ntọhapụ na mberede, ekwesịrị iwere usoro njide ozugbo, na nnọpụiche na ngwọta alkaline kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike ịdị mkpa iji gbochie nguzobe nke HCN.

N'ikpeazụ, ọ bụ ezie na sodium cyanide adịghị adaba ozugbo n'ime ikuku n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọnọdụ nkịtị, ọ nwere ike iduga n'ụzọ doro anya na mwepụta nke gas HCN na-egbu egbu na nke na-egbu egbu site na mmeghachi omume hydrolysis n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ dị ka kọntaktị na mmiri ma ọ bụ acids, ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ dị elu. Ịghọta usoro ndị a dị oke mkpa maka ịhụ na njikwa, nchekwa na ojiji nke sodium cyanide na-echekwa, yana maka ichekwa ahụike mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi.