Te Whakatairanga i nga Tono Konutai Cyanide mo te Whakanuia Te Kakano Antishrinkage

I roto i te horopaki o te whai a te Ahumahi Kakahu o te ao ki ngā kakahu mahi-teitei me te roa, kua mau tonu te mahi nui a te Sodium Cyanide (NaCN), hei tāpiri mahi motuhake, i roto i te mara o te whakaotinga ā-whakaiti kakahu nā ōna āhuatanga matū ahurei. Ka tātarihia e tēnei tuhinga tōna tikanga mahi, ōna painga hangarau, me ngā rautaki urupare ahumahi, me te tūhura i tōna whanaketanga mahi i roto i te anga o te whanaketanga tauwhiro.

I. Te Whakahoutanga matū i roto i te Mahinga Whakakore

Hei turanga kaha, hei tote waikawa ngoikore hoki, ka whakau te konutai cyanide i te hanganga muka mā te tauhohenga Amidation i te wā e tukatuka ana i te kakahu. Ko tōna ara mahi matua koia tēnei:

1. Whakahohenga Carboxyl : Ka pāngia e te tauhohenga whakakapinga nucleophilic me ngā rōpū carboxyl (-COOH) i runga i te mata o ngā muka cellulose hei whakaputa i ngā takawaenga hohe;

2. Te Hanganga Herenga Āmida : Ka hono atu ngā takawaenga ki ngā rōpū amino tata (-NH₂) hei hanga i ngā herenga āmida pumau (-CONH₂);

3. Te Whakakaha i te Hanganga Whatunga : Mā roto i ngā here hauwai ira-ā-ira me ngā kaha van der Waals, ka hangaia he whatunga whakawhiti-ahu-toru, ka whakaiti nui i te āhuatanga pupuhi o ngā muka.

Ko tenei tukanga ka whakaiti i te tere o te whakaheke o nga muka taiao penei i te miro me te wulu mai i te 8-12% i roto i nga tikanga tuku iho ki raro iho i te 3%, ka mau tonu te mahi ahakoa neke atu i te 50 nga wa horoi.

II. Ko te Whakapai ake i te Mahinga Matawhānui

1. Te Pūmautanga o te Āhua : He tino pai te pupuri i ngā āhua o ngā papanga kua rongoatia i roto i te whakamātautau paerewa AATCC 135, he mea tino pai mō ngā papanga kāinga me ngā kākahu o waho.

2. Arotautanga Pā : Ka whakaitihia e te tauhohenga whakapūmau te whakaaturanga o ngā rōpū hydroxyl ki te mata o te muka, ka whakaitihia te tauwehenga waku o te papanga mā te 20-30%, ka maeneene ake te pā;

3. Te Whakapai Ake i te Mahi Tae : Ka whakapai ake te hanganga honohono-whiti i te ōritetanga o te mimiti tae o ngā muka, ka whakanui ake i te tere piri o te tae mā te neke atu i te 15%, ā, i te wa ano ka whakaitihia te parahanga tae o te wai para.

III. Nga Morearea Haumaru me nga Whakatau Hangarau

1. Pūnaha Ārai me te Whakahaere Paitini :

• Whakamahia ngā raina whakaputa aunoa kua kati katoa, me ngā taputapu kite hau hauwai cyanide (tika ≤ 0.1ppm);

• Whakawhanakehia ngā whakaritenga konutai cyanide kua whakakīia ki roto i te capsules moroiti , me te whakakī i ngā matū hohe ki roto i te β-cyclodextrin hei whakaiti i ngā mōrearea whakahaere.

2. Hangarau Maimoatanga Wai Para :

• Whakauruhia te tukanga whakahaora hau makutu catalytic (CWO), ka taea te whakanui ake i te tere o te pirau o te cyanide ki te 99.9% i raro i nga tikanga o te 250°C me te 8MPa;

• Ka honoa ki te punaha whakangao i te whākōkī koiora, whakamahia te cyanide hydratase ki te huri i te toenga katote cyanide ki te haukini haukini kino.

IV. Te Huringa Ahumahi me te Tirohanga Ake

1. Te Tūhura i ngā Hangarau Rerekē :

• Ko nga kaihoko honohono-whakawhitinga-a-Chitosan: Hangaia he paparanga anti-shrinkage e pai ana ki te taiao na roto i nga tauhohenga copolymerization graft, me te 85% te reeti whakaheke koiora;

• Te maimoatanga Plasma: Whakamahia te plasma argon hei tarai i te mata o te muka ki te hanga i te hanganga taratara nanoscale hei aukati i te whakaheke.

2. Te Whakapai Ake i te Pūnaha Paerewa :

• Ko te putanga hou o te Ture REACH EU i te tau 2024 e whakarārangi ana i te konutai cyanide hei matū tino āwangawanga (SVHC), ka whakatau i te tepe toenga o te 0.1mg/kg mo nga kakano;

• Kua tukuna e te Kaunihera Kaahui me nga Kaahua o Haina te "Whakaahua Hangarau mo te Whakaoti Whakamutua-Kakariki", e hiahia ana nga umanga ki te whakatuu i te punaha whakahaere taiao.

Opaniraa

Ko te whakamahinga o te konutai cyanide i roto i te mara o te kakano anti-shrinkage e whakaatu ana i te hohonutanga o te whakaurunga o te hangarau matū me te pūtaiao rauemi. Ahakoa e pa ana ki nga taumahatanga tiaki taiao, na roto i nga mahi auaha me te tono o nga punaha aroturuki mohio, ka taea tonu te tuku i tona uara hangarau i roto i te anga haumaru. I te wa kei te heke mai, ka tere te ahumahi ki te whakarereketanga ki nga hangarau whakaoti koiora me te mohio, me te whakatairanga i te ahumahi kakano ki te whakawhanake i roto i te ahunga o te kounga teitei ake me te pumau.