Nga Tikanga mo nga Kamupene Maina Ma te Whakamahi i te Sodium Cyanide

I roto i te umanga keri, inā koa i roto i ngā tukanga tango koura, he mahi nui tā te konutai cyanide . Heoi, nā te mea he tino paitini, he tauhohe hoki, me whakatakoto ngā tikanga tino pakari hei whakarite i te haumaru o ngā kaimahi, hei tiaki i te taiao, hei pupuri hoki i te tutuki i ngā ture. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tikanga whānui me whai e ngā kamupene keri ina whakamahi ana i te Konutai Cyanide.

Te Maramatanga o te Sodium Cyanide

āhuatanga

He totoka mā, he tioata te konutai cyanide (NaCN), he kakara mātotoru rite ki te aramona. He tino wairewa ki te wai, he painga, he wero hoki tēnei i roto i ngā mahi keri. Nā te wairewa ka taea te whakamahi pai i roto i te tukanga cyanidation mō te tango koura. Heoi anō, ko te tikanga anō hoki he mea nui ngā mahi pupuri me te whakakore tika hei ārai i te poke o te taiao.

Whakamahia i roto i te Maina

I roto i te keri koura, ko te konutai cyanide te mea nui e whakamahia ana i roto i te tukanga cyanidation. Ko tēnei tukanga he hanga i tētahi matatini koura-cyanide wairewa. Ka tāpirihia te otinga konutai cyanide ki te konganuku, ā, ka rewa te koura i roto i te konganuku ki roto i te otinga. Muri iho, ka wehea te otinga koura, ka whakapaia kia whiwhi ai i te koura parakore. Ahakoa tōna whai huatanga i roto i te tango koura, he nui ngā mōrearea o te whakamahinga o te konutai cyanide.

Nga Whakatupato Haumaru i te Whakahaere

Nga Taonga Tiaki Whaiaro (PPE)

Ko nga kaimahi e mau ana i te konutai cyanide me mau ki nga PPE tika i nga wa katoa. Kei roto i tenei ko:

• Ngā karapu : Me mau ngā karapu ātete matū i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi pēnei i te nitrile, te neoprene rānei hei ārai i te pa ki te kiri. Ka taea te mimiti i te konutai cyanide mā te kiri, ka arahi ki ngā mōrearea nui ki te hauora.

• Mōhiti Mata : He mea nui ngā mōhiti mata ārai-pipi hei tiaki i ngā kanohi mai i ngā pipi pea o ngā wairewa konutai cyanide. Ka taea e te pānga o te cyanide ki ngā kanohi te whakararu nui, tae atu ki te matapo.

• Ngā Manawa : Me whakamahi ngā manawa me ngā kātere e tika ana, e taea ai te tātari i ngā auahi me ngā matūriki cyanide. Nā te mea ka taea e te konutai cyanide te tuku i te hau hauwai cyanide paitini i raro i ētahi āhuatanga (pēnei i te wā e pā ana ki ngā waikawa, ki te wera rānei), he mea nui te tiaki i te manawa.

Nga Tikanga Whakahaere Haumaru

1. Te Kawe: Me kawe te konutai cyanide i roto i ngā ipu kua hoahoatia motuhake, ātete turuturu. Me mārama te tapanga o ngā waka kawe hei kawe i ngā rauemi morearea. I te wā e kawe ana, me mau tika ngā ipu hei ārai i te nekeneke me te maringi pea.

2. Rokiroki :

• Ngā Wāhi Kua Tohua : Me rongoa te konutai cyanide ki tētahi wāhi rokiroki motuhake, he pai te hau, he motuhake mai i ētahi atu matū. Me hanga te wāhi rokiroki ki ngā rauemi e ātete ana ki te waikura o te cyanide.

• Te Whakahauora : Me whakatū he pūnaha whakahauora tika hei ārai i te kohikohinga o ngā hau paitini. Me hoahoa ngā tere whakahauora i runga i te nui o te konutai cyanide e rongoatia ana me te rahi o te wāhi rokiroki.

• Haumarutanga : Me tino haumaru te wāhi rokiroki, me te whakawhāiti i te urunga. Ko ngā tāngata whai mana anake me whakaae kia tomo. Mā te whakatinana i tētahi pūnaha "raka takirua", e hiahiatia ana kia rua ngā tāngata ki te wāhi rokiroki i te wā kotahi, ka taea te whakarei ake i te haumarutanga.

3. Te Whakaranu me te Whakawaiwai : I te wā e whakarite ana i ngā otinga konutai cyanide, me whakahaere te tukanga i roto i tētahi wāhi e pai ana te hau, me te whai i ngā tikanga tino pakari. Me ū ki te ōwehenga tika o te konutai cyanide ki te wai, ā, me ata mahi te whakaranu kia kore ai e tauhiuhi. Me whakangungua pai ngā kaimahi e whai wāhi ana ki te tukanga whakaranu, ā, me mau hoki i ngā taputapu tiaki tinana e tika ana.

4. Ngā Kete Ringihia: Me wātea ngā kete ringihia ki ngā wāhi katoa e whakamahia ana te konutai cyanide. Me whakauru ki roto i ēnei kete ngā rauemi mimiti, pērā i te waro whakahohe, ngā papa mimiti motuhake rānei, hei mimiti i te konutai cyanide kua ringihia. Me whakauru hoki ngā matū whakakore, pērā i te hauwai peroxide, te konutai hypochlorite rānei, ki roto i te kete ringihia kia tauhohe matū ai ki te cyanide me te whakaiti i tōna paitini. Me whakangungu tonu ngā kaimahi ki te whakamahinga tika o ngā kete ringihia.

Mahere Whakautu Ohotata

Pupuri Puka

Mena ka pakaru te konutai cyanide, me mahi wawe:

1. Te Whakarerenga : Whakarerea ngā tāngata katoa kāore e hiahiatia ana i te rohe. Me whakarite kia mārama te tohu o ngā ara rerenga, ā, kia kore he arai.

2. Te Ārai : Whakamahia ngā kete maringi hei ārai i te horapa o te konutai cyanide kua maringi. Karapotia te wāhi maringi ki ngā rauemi mimiti hei ārai i te rere o te cyanide ki roto i ngā waikeri, i ngā puna wai, i ētahi atu wāhi rānei.

3. Pānui : Whakamōhio atu ki ngā mana whakahaere e tika ana, tae atu ki ngā tari tiaki taiao me ngā rōpū urupare ohorere. Hoatu ki a rātou ngā kōrero taipitopito mō te āhua o te turuturu, te nui o te konutai cyanide i uru, me te wāhi i turuturu ai.

4. Te horoi : Kia mutu te turuturu, me whakahaere te tukanga horoi e ngā kaimahi whakangungu. Me kohi me te maka atu ngā rauemi poke i runga i te tika, me te whai i ngā ture katoa e tika ana.

Nga Mahi Awhina Tuatahi

1. Whakangungu : Me whakangungu ngā kaimahi katoa e pā ana ki te konutai cyanide ki ngā mahi āwhina tuatahi mō te pānga ki te cyanide. Kei roto i tēnei ko te mōhio ki ngā tohu o te paihana cyanide, mai i ngā tohu ngawari pēnei i te whakapairuaki, te whanoke, me te poto o te manawa ki ngā tohu kino pēnei i te ngaronga o te māramatanga me te aukati manawa.

2. Whakaora Hāora : Mēnā ka pāngia koe e te cyanide, me whakahaere tonu te whakaora hāora. Ka taea e te hāora rere-rahi te āwhina ki te ārai i ngā pānga o te cyanide, e whakararuraru ana i te kaha o te tinana ki te whakamahi i te hāora i te taumata pūtau.

3. Te Whakarato Rongoā : Me wātea ngā rongoā mō te paihana cyanide, pērā i te hydroxocobalamin, te sodium thiosulfate rānei. Me hoatu e ngā kaimahi whakangungu te rongoā tika i te wā e taea ai, me te whai i te horopeta me ngā tikanga kua tohua.

Tautukunga Ture

Nga Ture Whakahaere Haumaru me te Hauora (OSHA).

Me whai nga kamupene maina ki nga ture OSHA mo te whakahaere haumaru o nga matū paitini. Kei roto i tenei ko:

1. Ngā Whakaritenga Whakangungu : Te whakarato whakangungu whānui ki ngā kaimahi mō ngā tūponotanga o te konutai cyanide me ngā tikanga whakahaere tika. Me whakahou tonu te whakangungu kia whakaata i ngā huringa o ngā ture me ngā mahi pai.

2. Ngā Herenga Whakapuakitanga : Te aroturuki me te pupuri i ngā herenga whakapuakanga mō te konutai cyanide i te wāhi mahi. Ka whakatakotohia e te OSHA ngā herenga whakapuakanga whakaaetia (PEL) mō te cyanide e rere ana i te rangi, ā, me whakarite e ngā kamupene kia kaua e neke ake te whakapuakanga o ngā kaimahi i ēnei herenga.

3. Te Pupuri Rekoata : Te pupuri i ngā rekoata taipitopito o te whakangungu kaimahi, ngā hua aroturuki i te pānga, me ngā aituā e pā ana ki te whakahaerenga o te konutai cyanide.

Nga Ture Taiao

1. Te Whakaaetanga : Te tiki i ngā whakaaetanga e tika ana mō te whakamahinga me te whakakorenga o te konutai cyanide. Me whakaatu e ngā kamupene keri ki ngā tari whakahaere taiao kei a rātou ngā tikanga tika hei whakaiti i te pānga taiao o te whakamahinga o te cyanide.

2. Te Whakakorenga Para : Te whakakorenga tika i ngā para kei roto te cyanide. Me tukatuka me te whakakore i ngā rauemi poke o te cyanide, pērā i ngā para mai i te tukanga tango koura, i runga i te huarahi e tutuki ai ngā ture taiao. Tērā pea ka uru atu ki tēnei ngā tukanga pērā i te maimoatanga matū hei wawahi i te cyanide, te whakapūmau rānei i te whenua ki ngā whare kua whakaaetia.

3. Aroturuki : Me aro turuki tonu i te oneone, te wai, me te hau i te taha o te mahi keri mō te poke o te cyanide. Me ripoata tonu ki ngā mana whakahaere taiao e tika ana ngā tohu o te poke, ā, me mahi i ngā mahi whakatikatika.

Te whakangungu me te ako

Kaupapa Whakangungu Kaimahi

1. Whakangungu Tuatahi : Me whiwhi ngā kaimahi hou i te whakangungu hōhonu mō ngā āhuatanga o te konutai cyanide, ōna tūponotanga, me ngā tikanga haumaru katoa e pā ana ki te whakahaere me te rokiroki. Me uru ki tēnei whakangungu ngā mōhiotanga ariā me ngā whakaaturanga mahi.

2. Whakangungu Whakahou : Me whakahaere ngā wā whakangungu whakahou i ia wā mā ngā kaimahi katoa. Ka taea e ēnei wā te whakapakari i ngā mahi haumaru, te whakamōhio i ngā kaimahi mō ngā huringa o ngā tikanga me ngā ture, me te aro atu ki ngā āwangawanga haumaru hou.

3. Aromatawai Pūkenga : Te whakahaere aromatawai pūkenga hei whakarite kei te matatau ngā kaimahi ki te whakahaere i te konutai cyanide. Ka uru pea ki ngā aromatawai ngā whakamātautau tuhituhi, ngā whakaaturanga pūkenga mahi, me ngā whakatauira urupare ohorere.

Maatauranga Tonu

1. Ngā Whakahōutanga Ahumahi : Kia mau tonu te mōhio ki ngā whanaketanga hou mō te whakahaere haumaru o te konutai cyanide. Ka taea tēnei mā te ohauru ki ngā tuhinga a te ahumahi, te whai wāhi atu ki ngā huihuinga ipurangi, me te whai i ngā panuitanga a ngā tari whakahaere.

2. Ngā Huihuinga me ngā Awheawhe : Te whakatenatena i ngā kaimahi ki te haere ki ngā hui me ngā awheawhe e pā ana ki te haumaru o te keri me te whakamahinga o te konutai cyanide. Ka taea e ēnei huihuinga te whakarato i ngā whai wāhitanga whatunga me te whai wāhi ki ngā hangarau me ngā mahi haumaru hou.

3. Te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero ā-Roto : Te pupuri i tētahi pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-roto whai hua hei whakapuaki i ngā mōhiohio haumaru, ngā tikanga pai, me ngā pūrongo aituā i waenga i ngā kaimahi. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakatipu i tētahi ahurea aro ki te haumaru i roto i te kamupene keri.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te whakamahinga o te konutai cyanide i roto i ngā mahi keri me whai i tētahi huinga tikanga whānui hei whakarite i te haumaru me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. Mā te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga me ngā tūponotanga o te konutai cyanide, te whakatinana i ngā mahi whakatūpato haumaru , te whai i tētahi mahere urupare āwhati whai hua, te tutuki i ngā ture, me te whakarato whakangungu me te mātauranga tonu, ka taea e ngā kamupene keri te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te konutai cyanide me te whai wāhi atu ki tētahi umanga keri haumaru ake, pumau ake hoki.