Chithandizo cha Madzi: Quicklime kapena Hydrated Lime - Ndi Chiyani Chabwino Kwambiri?

Mu ufumu wa kumwa madzi, kusankha pakati msanga (calcium oxide, CaO) ndi hydrated laimu (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH) ₂) ndi chisankho chofunikira chomwe chingakhudze kwambiri magwiridwe antchito, mtengo, komanso chilengedwe cha njira yochizira. Zinthu zonsezi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyeretsera, koma mawonekedwe awo ndi machitidwe awo amawapangitsa kukhala oyenera pazochitika zinazake. Tiyeni tifufuze mwatsatanetsatane kufananitsa kuti tiwone kuti ndi iti yomwe ingakhale yabwinoko pazosowa zanu zothirira madzi.

Zochita za Chemical ndi Kusintha kwa pH

Quicklime ikawonjezeredwa m'madzi, imayamba kutenthedwa, imatulutsa kutentha ndikusandulika kukhala laimu wa hydrated: CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂. Izi zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri ndipo zimatha kukweza kutentha kwa madzi kwambiri. Kumbali inayi, laimu wa hydrated ali kale mu mawonekedwe a hydroxide ndipo amasungunuka m'madzi popanda kutentha kwamphamvu kotereku.

Ma quicklime ndi hydrated laimu amatha kusintha pH ya madzi. Ndi alkalis amphamvu omwe amatha kuchepetsa madzi acidic, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kuthandizidwanso kapena otetezeka kuti asatayike. Komabe, chifukwa cha kutembenuka kosalekeza kwa quicklime kukhala hydrated laimu m'madzi, ikhoza kupereka gwero lokhazikika la alkalinity pakusintha pH. Izi zitha kukhala zopindulitsa pothana ndi madzi otayira am'mafakitale omwe ali ndi acid kwambiri, pomwe kufunikira kowonjezereka komanso kosalekeza kwa pH kumafunika.

Disinfection ndi Kuchotsa Pathogen

Quicklime's exothermic reaction, kuphatikiza ndi pH yapamwamba yomwe imapanga, imapangitsa kukhala mankhwala opha tizilombo. Kutentha komwe kumachokera kumatha kusokoneza mapuloteni ndi ma cell a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pomwe kuchuluka kwa mchere kumapha mabakiteriya ambiri, ma virus, ndi tiziromboti. Izi zimapangitsa kuti quicklime ikhale yothandiza kwambiri pakachitika ngozi zadzidzidzi kapena pochiza magwero amadzi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha kuipitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga madera ena omwe akutukuka kumene kapena pakachitika masoka achilengedwe.

Laimu wa Hydrated alinso ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo chifukwa cha mchere wake. Zingathandize kulamulira kukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'madzi, makamaka m'machitidwe ogawa madzi kumene kusunga pH ya alkaline pang'ono kungalepheretse kukula kwa mabakiteriya ena. Komabe, mphamvu yake yophera tizilombo nthawi zambiri sikhala yamphamvu ngati ya quicklime.

Kugwa kwamvula ndi Kuchotsa Zonyansa

Ma laimu onse a quicklime ndi hydrated amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zonyansa zosiyanasiyana m'madzi kuti apange ma precipitates, omwe amatha kuchotsedwa kudzera mu sedimentation kapena kusefera. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi phosphates kuti apange calcium phosphate precipitates, zomwe zimathandiza kuchotsa phosphorous m'madzi. Izi ndizofunikira popewa eutrophication m'madzi, chifukwa phosphorous yochulukirapo imatha kupangitsa maluwa a algal komanso kuchepa kwa okosijeni.

Pankhani yochotsa zitsulo zolemera, laimu wa hydrated nthawi zambiri amakonda. Itha kuchitapo kanthu ndi ayoni azitsulo zolemera monga lead, CHIFUNDO, ndi cadmium kupanga insoluble metal hydroxides. Izi precipitates mosavuta anasiyanitsidwa ndi madzi, mogwira kuchepetsa okhutira heavy metal. Zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri za laimu wa hydrated poyerekeza ndi quicklime zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwambiri pa ntchitoyi, chifukwa zimalola kulamulira bwino kwa mpweya.

Malingaliro a Mtengo ndi Kasamalidwe

Mtengo ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera madzi. Quicklime nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo - yothandiza kuposa laimu wa hydrated pa - unit - mass basis. Izi zili choncho chifukwa quicklime ndi zopangira kumene hydrated laimu amapangidwa, ndi processing zina zofunika kuti atembenuke quicklime hydrated laimu kumawonjezera mtengo wa yotsirizira. M'malo akuluakulu oyeretsera madzi, kupulumutsa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito quicklime kumatha kukhala kwakukulu.

Komabe, kusamalira Quicklime kumafuna chisamaliro chochulukirapo. Kutentha kwake ndi madzi kungayambitse ngozi ngati sikusamalidwe bwino. Zida zapadera ndi njira zotetezera ndizofunikira posungira, kuyendetsa, ndi kusakaniza quicklime ndi madzi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, laimu wa hydrated ndi wokhazikika komanso wosavuta kugwira. Itha kusungidwa m'mitsuko yanthawi zonse ndikusakanikirana ndi madzi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kusankha malo ang'onoang'ono opangira madzi kapena nthawi yomwe chitetezo ndi kuwongolera kumayikidwa patsogolo.

Kutsiliza

Pomaliza, kusankha pakati pa quicklime ndi hydrated laimu mu madzi mankhwala zimadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukukumana ndi madzi acidic kwambiri, muyenera mankhwala ophera tizilombo tolimba, kapena mukuyang'ana njira yotsika mtengo - yothandiza kwambiri, quicklime ingakhale njira yabwinoko. Kumbali ina, ngati mukufuna kuwongolera bwino njira yoperekera chithandizo, kuyang'ana kwambiri kuchotsa zitsulo zolemera, kapena ngati mukufuna chinthu chogwiridwa mosavuta, laimu wa hydrated ndiye chisankho choyenera kwambiri.

Pamapeto pake, kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane za mtundu wa madzi, zolinga zamankhwala, zofunikira zachitetezo, ndi zovuta zamitengo ndizofunikira kuti mupange chisankho mwanzeru. Poganizira mozama zinthu izi, akatswiri madzi mankhwala akhoza kusankha yoyenera laimu - zochokera mankhwala njira tikwaniritse mulingo woyenera kwambiri madzi ndi bwino mankhwala.