Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zoyankhira Mwadzidzidzi ku Zochitika za Sodium Cyanide

Introduction

Sodium cyanide ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale monga migodi, electroplating, ndi kupanga mankhwala. Komabe, kawopsedwe kake komanso kuthekera kokhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa ngati zitachitika zimafuna njira zotetezeka komanso zokonzedwa bwino yankho lachangu mapulani. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kupereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha njira zabwino zogwirira ntchito sodium cyanide ngozi kuteteza miyoyo, katundu, ndi chilengedwe.

Kumvetsetsa Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide ndi woyera crystalline kapena granular ufa. Ikakumana ndi madzi, zidulo, kapena zinthu zina, imatha kutulutsa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide, mankhwala oopsa kwambiri. Mpweya umenewu umasokoneza mphamvu ya thupi yogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa okosijeni, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azifa mofulumira ngati atakumana ndi vuto. Mankhwalawa amakhala ndi zotsatira za machitidwe, ndi dongosolo lapakati lamanjenje (ubongo), dongosolo lamtima (mtima ndi mitsempha), komanso m'mapapo (mapapo) omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi momwe amakhudzira. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide ukhoza kukhala ndi fungo lowawa la amondi kwa ena, gawo lalikulu la anthu silingazindikire, ndipo Sodium Cyanide ilibe fungo ikauma.

Kukonzekera Mwadzidzidzi

Kuwunika Zowopsa ndi Kukonzekera

• Dziwani Zowopsa: Kuwunika mozama njira zonse ndi malo osungira komwe Sodium cyanide amagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kusungidwa. Dziwani zomwe zitha kutayikira, kutayikira, kapena kutulutsa, monga kulephera kwa zida, zolakwika za anthu, kapena masoka achilengedwe.

• Konzani Mapulani Oyankhira Mwadzidzidzi: Pangani mapulani atsatanetsatane omwe amafotokoza zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika pakachitika mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sodium cyanide. Zolinga izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo njira zotulutsira anthu, njira zoyankhulirana, ndi njira zochotsera matenda.

• Kufotokozera Maudindo ndi Maudindo: Gawirani ntchito kwa anthu kapena magulu osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, tchulani oyang'anira zochitika, magulu opulumutsa anthu, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, ndi magulu oteteza chilengedwe. Onetsetsani kuti aliyense amvetsetsa udindo wake komanso njira zonse zoyankhira.

Maphunziro ndi Zochita

• Perekani Maphunziro Okhazikika: Phunzitsani antchito onse omwe angakhale nawo pakugwira ntchito ya sodium cyanide kapena kuyankha pazochitika. Maphunziro akuyenera kukhudzana ndi zinthu za sodium cyanide, njira zogwirira ntchito bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera (PPE), ndi njira zothandizira mwadzidzidzi.

• Pangani Zoyeserera: Chitani zoyeserera zadzidzidzi pafupipafupi kuti muwone ngati mapulaniwo akugwira ntchito. Zoyeserera ziyenera kufananiza zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kutayikira kwakung'ono, kutulutsa kwakukulu, ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi anthu ovulala. Unikani zotsatira za kubowola kulikonse kuti muzindikire madera oyenera kusintha.

Zida ndi Zothandizira

• Zida Zomwe Zingateteze: Onetsetsani kuti PPE yoyenera ilipo kwa onse oyankha. Izi zingaphatikizepo mankhwala a Level A kapena Level B - biological - radiological - nuclear (CBRN) self - contained zida zopumira (SCBA) zokhala ndi masuti otetezera, magolovesi - osagwira ntchito (zamkati ndi kunja), ndi nsapato - zosagwira mankhwala.

• Zipangizo Zothirira: Khalani ndi zida zochotsera anthu ndi madera omwe akhudzidwa. Izi zitha kuphatikizirapo mipope yamadzi yayikulu, shawa yotetezedwa, malo ochapira maso mwadzidzidzi, ndi zinthu zoyamwa monga activated carbon potsuka zotayikira.

• Choyamba - Zothandizira ndi Zamankhwala: Zida zothandizira zoyamba zokhala ndi mankhwala enieni a poizoni wa cyanide, monga 4 - dimethylaminophenol (4 - DMAP) kapena sodium nitrite, pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena onse. Onetsetsani kuti pali ogwira ntchito zachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino kapena othandizira odwala omwe ali standby.

• Zida Zolumikizirana ndi Kuwunika: Khazikitsani njira zoyankhulirana zodalirika kuti mugwirizanitse zoyeserera. Gwiritsani ntchito masokosi amphepo kuyang'anira komwe mphepo ikupita (yothandizira kulosera kufalikira kwa utsi wapoizoni) ndi zowunikira mpweya kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide mumlengalenga.

Kuyankha Mwadzidzidzi

Kuzindikira ndi Kupereka Lipoti

• Kuzindikira Koyambirira: Khazikitsani njira zowunikira kuti muzindikire kutuluka kwa sodium cyanide kapena kutulutsa mwachangu momwe mungathere. Izi zingaphatikizepo masensa a mpweya m'madera omwe sodium cyanide imasungidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

• Kufotokozera Mwamsanga: Khazikitsani njira yomveka bwino yoperekera malipoti. Chochitika chilichonse chokayikira kapena chotsimikizirika cha sodium cyanide chiyenera kufotokozedwa mwamsanga ku madipatimenti amkati oyenerera (monga chitetezo, kasamalidwe) ndi akuluakulu akunja (monga madipatimenti amoto am'deralo, mabungwe oteteza zachilengedwe). Perekani zambiri za momwe chochitikacho, malo, ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide yomwe ikukhudzidwa.

Kusamutsidwa ndi Kudzipatula

• Choka Kumadera Okhudzidwa: Chotsani anthu onse osafunikira kudera lomwe kutulutsidwa kwa sodium cyanide kudachitika. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zotulutsiramo zomwe mwadzikonzeratu komanso malo osonkhanitsira. Onetsetsani kuti aliyense awerengeredwa pamalo a msonkhano.

• Kupatula Malo Ochitika: Khazikitsani malo ozungulira malo ochitira zochitika kuti mupewe kulowa mosaloledwa. Kukula kwa malo odzipatula kuyenera kuzindikiridwa potengera kukula kwa kutulutsa, komwe mphepo ikupita, ndi zina. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kumasulidwa kwakukulu, utali wodzipatula ungafunike kukhala mazana angapo mita.

Kupulumutsa ndi Thandizo Loyamba

• Ntchito Zopulumutsa: Magulu opulumutsa ophunzitsidwa, okhala ndi PPE yoyenera, ayenera kulowa m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa kuti apulumutse anthu ovulala. Gwiritsani ntchito machira kuti mutulutse anthu omwe akhudzidwa ndi ngozi yomwe ili pafupi.

• Chithandizo choyamba - Chithandizo: Perekani chithandizo chamsanga kwa okhudzidwa. Achotseni ku gwero la kuipitsidwa, ndipo ngati akumana ndi sodium cyanide, tsitsani khungu ndi maso awo. Pakhungu, muzimutsuka ndi madzi ambiri kwa mphindi zosachepera 20. Kuti muyang'ane m'maso, yambani ndi madzi kwa mphindi zosachepera 15. Ngati wovulalayo wapuma mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide kapena wamwa sodium cyanide, perekani mankhwala oyenerera mwamsanga, koma ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino.

Kusunga ndi Kuyeretsa - mmwamba

• Khalani ndi Kutaya kapena Kutulutsa: Ngati n'kotheka, khalani ndi sodium cyanide yotayira kuti mupewe kufalikira. Kuti madzi atayike, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zoyamwitsa kuti zilowerere mankhwalawo. Pakutayika kolimba, chotsani zinthuzo m'mitsuko yoyenera. Ngati atulutsidwa m'madzi, lingalirani zotchinga (monga mitsinje kapena nyanja) kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa madzi owonongeka.

• Kuyeretsa - ndi Decontamination: Tsukani bwinobwino malo okhudzidwawo. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zoyenera zoyeretsera kuti muchotseretu zinthu pamalo, zida ndi nthaka. Zinthu zonse zoipitsidwa, kuphatikizapo zinthu zoyamwitsa, ziyenera kutayidwa moyenera malinga ndi malamulo amderalo.

Positi - Kutsatira Zochitika - mmwamba

Kuyang'anira Zachilengedwe

• Kuwunika kwa Air ndi Madzi: Onetsetsani mosalekeza mpweya ndi madzi pafupi ndi malo ochitirako ngozi. Yang'anani mpweya wotsalira wa hydrogen cyanide mumlengalenga ndi ma cyanide ions m'madzi. Yang'anirani kwa nthawi yayitali kuti muwonetsetse kuti chilengedwe chabwerera m'malo otetezeka.

• Dothi Sampling: Tengani zitsanzo za dothi lomwe lakhudzidwalo kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa matendawo. Dziwani ngati pali njira zokonzetsera nthaka.

Kufufuza ndi Kusanthula

• Kuwunika Kwa Muzu: Chitani kafukufuku mwatsatanetsatane kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa vuto la sodium cyanide. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuyesa kulephera kwa zida, zolakwika za anthu, kapena zolakwika pamakina achitetezo.

• Tikuphunzirapo: Unikani njira yoyankhira mwadzidzidzi kuti mudziwe madera oyenera kusintha. Sinthani mapulani oyankha mwadzidzidzi, mapulogalamu ophunzitsira, ndi njira zotetezera kutengera zomwe mwaphunzira pazochitikazo.

Community Communication

• Muzidziwitsa Anthu: Perekani zosintha pafupipafupi kwa anthu amdera lanu za zomwe zachitika, zoyeserera, ndi zotsatira zowunikira chilengedwe. Lankhulani zodandaula zilizonse kapena mafunso kuchokera kwa anthu kuti mukhale omasuka komanso odalirika.

Pomaliza, kukonzekera bwino komanso kulumikizidwa kwadzidzidzi ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zovuta za sodium cyanide. Potsatira njira zabwino zimenezi, mafakitale angathe kuteteza bwino antchito awo, anthu, ndi chilengedwe ku zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri.