Patlisiso ka Mokhoa oa Thibelo oa Sodium Cyanide ho Phallo ea Karohano ea Lead-Zinc

1. Selelekela

Lefapheng la ts'ebetso ea liminerale, karohano ea liminerale tsa loto le zinki e na le bohlokoa bo boholo. Ho phaphamala ha lehloa ke mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa karohano ena, 'me tšebeliso ea lintho tse fokotsang khatello ea maikutlo tse loketseng e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela karohano e sebetsang hantle. Sodium cyanide e se e sebelisoa haholo e le ntho e fokotsang khatello ea maikutlo ho phaphamala ha lead-zinc. Ho utloisisa mokhoa oa eona oa thibelo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho phaphamala, ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba karohano, le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea reagent. Sengoloa sena se ikemiselitse ho etsa thuto e hlophisitsoeng mabapi le mokhoa oa thibelo oa Sodium cyanide ho phaphamala ha lead-zinc.

2. Karolo ea Li-Depressants ho Flotation

Ts'ebetsong ea foam flotation, li-depressants ke li-reagents tse ka thibelang kapa tsa fokotsa ho ata kapa ho fokotsa liketso tsa babokelli holim'a liminerale tse sa lebelloang le ho etsa filimi ea hydrophilic holim'a libaka tsena tsa liminerale. Phallong ea karohano ea lead-zinc, sepheo sa mantlha ke ho arola liminerale tse etellang pele (tse kang galena) ho liminerale tsa zinki (joalo ka sphalerite). Ntle le li-depressants tse sebetsang hantle, ho thata ho fihlela karohano ea bohloeki bo phahameng hobane liminerale tsa lead le zinki li ka bonts'a boitšoaro bo ts'oanang ba ho phaphamala ka pel'a babokelli.

3. Hydrolysis ea Sodium Cyanide le Kamano ea eona le pH

Sodium cyanide e hydrolyzes ka metsing, 'me lihlahisoa tsa hydrolysis li amana haufi-ufi le boleng ba pH ba pulp. Lithuto tsa liteko li bontšitse hore ha pulp pH e le 7.0, hoo e batlang e le Sodium Cyanide eohle e hydrolyzes ho etsa khase ea hydrogen cyanide. Ha pulp pH e le 12.0, sodium cyanide e batla e arohana ka ho feletseng ho ba li-ion tsa cyanide. Ha pulp pH e le 9.3, karolelano ea hydrogen cyanide ho li-ion tsa cyanide ke 1:1. Mokhoa ona oa hydrolysis o itšetlehileng ka pH oa sodium cyanide o ama haholo phello ea eona ea thibelo ho liminerale.

4. Mekhoa ea Thibelo ea Sodium Cyanide ka Sphalerite

4.1 Ho felisoa ha Filimi ea Copper Sulfide e kentsoeng ka Sphalerite Surface

Ha sphalerite e sebelisoa ke sulfate ea koporo, filimi ea koporo ea sulfide e etsoa holim'a eona, e leng ho eketsang ho phalla ha sphalerite. Sodium cyanide e ka qhaqha filimi ena ea koporo ea sulfide holim'a sphalerite. Hang ha filimi ea koporo ea sulfide e qhibiliha, sebaka sa pele sa sphalerite se nang le bothata ba ho phaphamala sea pepesoa. Ka lebaka leo, ho ba thata le ho feta hore 'mokelli a khabise holim'a sphalerite, a thibela ka katleho ho phalla ha sphalerite.

4.2 Ho thehoa ha filimi ea Hydrophilic holim'a Sphalerite Surface

Li-ion tsa cyanide tse ka sodium cyanide li ka fapanyetsana-adsorb le anions tse kang ion sulfate le tse tsoang ho babokelli ba kang xanthates holim'a sphalerite. Ka mohlala, ha e sebetsana le li-ion tsa zinki holim'a sphalerite, e ka etsa filimi ea hydrophilic zinc cyanide. Filimi ena ea hydrophilic e thibela ho sebelisana pakeng tsa sebaka sa sphalerite le moqokeleli, ho fokotsa papatso ea mokelli holim'a sphalerite, kahoo ho finyella sepheo sa ho thibela ho phalla ha sphalerite.

4.3 Ho qhalana - Ho rarahana ha Metal Xanthates

Sodium cyanide e na le bokhoni bo matla ba ho qhibiliha le ho rarahana ka li-xanthate tsa tšepe, tse atisang ho sebelisoa likoleke tsa sulfide mineral flotation. Bakeng sa liminerale tse amanang le zinki, li-xanthate-zinc complexes tse entsoeng holim'a sphalerite li ka senyeha ke sodium cyanide. Ho rarahana ha sodium cyanide ka li-ion tsa tšepe ho xanthates ho fokolisa maqhama pakeng tsa moqokelli le bokaholimo ba liminerale, ho etsa hore li-xanthate li senyehe ho tloha holim'a sphalerite. Ka lebaka leo, ho phaphamala ha sphalerite ho thibetsoe.

5. Khetho ea Sodium Cyanide ho Liminerale tse sa tšoaneng

Ho ipapisitsoe le bokhoni ba sodium cyanide ho theha li-complexes tse tsitsitseng tsa cyanide tse nang le litšepe tse fapaneng, litšepe tse tloaelehileng le liminerale tsa tsona li ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse tharo:

1. Liminerale tsa loto, thallium, bismuth, antimony, arsenic, tin, rhodium : Liminerale tsena li ke ke tsa theha metsoako e tsitsitseng ea cyanide ka sodium cyanide. Kahoo, sodium cyanide ha e na phello e thibelang liminerale tsena. Phapang ea karohano ea lead-zinc, thepa ena e netefatsa hore liminerale tsa loto ha li thibeloe ke sodium cyanide 'me li ka phaphamala ka katleho.

2. Liminerale tsa platinum, MERCURY , silevera, cadmium, koporo : Liminerale tsena li ka theha metsoako e tsitsitseng ea cyanide ka sodium cyanide, empa tekanyo e phahameng ea sodium cyanide ea hlokahala ho fihlela thibelo. Moelelong oa karohano ea lead-zinc, haeba ho na le litšila tse nang le koporo ka har'a ore, ho ka hlokahala sodium cyanide e ngata ho thibela liminerale tse amanang le koporo le ho thibela tšitiso karohanong ea loto le zinc.

3. Diminerale tsa zinki, nikeli, khauta, tšepe : Diminerale tsena di ka theha metsoako e tsitsitseng haholo ya cyanide ka sodium cyanide. Sodium cyanide e na le phello e matla ka ho fetisisa ya thibelo hodima diminerale tsena, mme karolo e nyane ya sodium cyanide e ka lebisa thibelong e kgolo. Ho flotation ya karohano ya lead-zinc, tšobotsi ena e nolofalletsa thibelo e sebetsang ya diminerale tse nang le tshepe (tse kang pyrite) le diminerale tse nang le zinki, e leng se molemo bakeng sa flotation e kgethilweng ya diminerale tsa lead.

6. Tšebeliso e Sebetsang le ho Nahana

Ts'ebetsong ea 'nete ea karohano ea lead-zinki, ts'ebeliso ea sodium cyanide e hloka ntlafatso e hlokolosi. Tekanyo ea sodium cyanide e lokela ho fetoloa ho latela sebopeho se ikhethileng sa ore, likahare tsa liminerale tsa lead le zinki, le boteng ba litšila tse ling. Haeba tekanyo e le tlase haholo, thibelo ea liminerale tsa zinki le liminerale tse amanang le gangue e ka 'na ea se ke ea lekana, e leng se etsang hore ho be le loto e hloekileng haholo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba litekanyetso li phahame haholo, ha li eketse litšenyehelo tsa reagent feela empa hape li ka baka mathata a tikoloho ka lebaka la chefo ea cyanide.

Ho feta moo, boleng ba pH ba makhasi, bo amang hydrolysis ea sodium cyanide, bo tlameha ho laoloa ka thata. Mefuta e loketseng ea pH bakeng sa phallo ea karohano ea lead-zinki e sebelisa sodium cyanide hangata e ka ba 9 - 11. Ka har'a mofuta ona oa pH, sodium cyanide e ka ba teng ka mokhoa o loketseng ho thibela liminerale tsa zinki ha e ntse e fokotsa tahlehelo ea liminerale tsa loto ka lebaka la ho thibela ho feta tekano.

7. Qetello

Sodium cyanide e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho phaphameng karohano ea lead-zinki ka mekhoa e mengata ea thibelo. Ka ho qhaqha filimi e entsoeng ka koporo ea sulfide holim'a sphalerite, ho etsa filimi ea hydrophilic holim'a sphalerite, le li-xanthate tsa tšepe tse qhibilihisang, ka katleho e thibela ho phalla ha liminerale tsa zinki. Khetho ea eona ho liminerale tse fapaneng e fana ka motheo oa ho arohana ha liminerale tsa loto le zinki. Leha ho le joalo, lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, lintlha tse kang taolo ea litekanyetso le tokiso ea pH ea pulp li hloka ho nahanoa ka hloko ho fihlela karohano e sebetsang hantle, ea moruo le e se nang tikoloho ea lead-zinc. Lipatlisiso tse ling sebakeng sena li ka tsepamisa maikutlo ho nts'etsopele mekhoa e meng e sebetsang hantle le e se nang tikoloho ho feta sodium cyanide ha ho ntse ho bolokoa kapa ho ntlafatsa katleho ea karohano ea liminerale tsa lead-zinki.