Bayyana Fasahar Haɓakar Electrolytic kai tsaye na Zinare daga Cyanide - Maganin Ciki na Leaching

Daga cikin iri-iri Hakar zinare dabaru, da Direct electrolytic hakar na zinariya daga cyanide - leaching maganin ciki yana fitowa a matsayin babbar hanya a masana'antar hakar ma'adinai. Yanzu, bari mu zurfafa cikin wannan fasaha ta musamman kuma mai mahimmanci.

I. Ƙa'ida ta asali: "Canjin" na Zinariya Wanda Lantarki ke Kore

Cyanide - leaching ciki bayani, mai mahimmanci tsaka-tsaki a cikin aikin hakar gwal, yafi ƙunshi zinari a cikin nau'in zinari - cyanide complex anion Au(CN)_2^-. Da zarar an haɗa wutar lantarki kai tsaye - na yanzu, canje-canje masu ban mamaki suna farawa a cikin tantanin halitta. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar wutar lantarki, zinariya - cyanide hadaddun anions, kamar barbashi tare da tabbataccen shugabanci, matsawa zuwa cathode daya bayan daya. Lokacin da suka isa saman cathode, suna samun saurin electrons kuma suna fuskantar raguwar amsawa. Ana iya siffanta wannan tsari daidai ta hanyar Electrode dauki dabara: Au(CN)_2^-+e^- = Au + 2CN^-. An samu nasarar “canza” ions na zinari zuwa zinari na asali, wanda sannu a hankali ke ajiyewa akan cathode, kamar ana rubuta labarin zuriyar zinare. A halin yanzu, a anode, cyanide ions rasa electrons da kuma sha wani hadawan abu da iskar shaka dauki, kamar 2CN^--2e^-=(CN)_2â†. Koyaya, dole ne a sarrafa wannan matakin a hankali a cikin tsarin lantarki don hana duk wani mummunan tasiri akan ingancin hakar da tsabtar gwal.

II. Halayen Tsari: Zaman tare na Fa'idodi da Kalubale

(I) Fa'idodi Na Musamman

1.Tsarin Tsari don Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa

Hanyoyin cire zinare na gargajiya, kamar hanyar maye gurbin ƙura da kuma kunna su - Carbon Hanyar shaƙa, yawanci tana ƙunshe da jerin hanyoyin shaƙa da kuma cire sinadarin carbon mai sarkakiya. Sabanin haka, cirewar kai tsaye ta hanyar amfani da fasahar zinare ta electrolytic yana sauƙaƙa wannan tsari sosai. Babu buƙatar ɓatar da lokaci da ƙoƙari mai yawa akan waɗannan matakan matsakaici, wanda ba wai kawai yana adana lokaci mai mahimmanci ba har ma yana rage saka hannun jari a kayan aiki, wanda hakan ke sa tsarin haƙar zinare ya zama mai sauƙi da inganci.

2.Tabbacin Yawan Farfadowa

Godiya ga ka'idar electrolysis ta musamman, wannan fasaha na iya fitar da zinari daga cyanide - leaching ciki bayani har zuwa iyakar. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau - sarrafawa mai sarrafawa, zinariya Yawan dawowa sau da yawa yana iya kaiwa ga matakin gamsarwa. Misali, bayan da Jiangxi Jinshan Gold Minne ya karbi sabon tsarin samar da wutar lantarki don hakar gwal, jimlar dawo da zinare ya karu sosai, wanda ya kawo fa'idar tattalin arziki ga kamfanoni.

3.Samar da Haɓaka - Tsarkake Abubuwan Tsabta

A lokacin aikin lantarki, yawancin ions na ƙarfe na ƙazanta ana cire su da kyau daga sakawa a cathode. Wannan yana haifar da ingantacciyar zinari mai tsafta, yana rage nauyin tafiyar matakai na gaba, wanda za'a iya gani a matsayin fa'ida guda biyu.

4.Aiwatar da Muhalli Na Dangantaka - Ra'ayin Abokai

Idan aka kwatanta da yuwuwar al'amurran da suka shafi muhalli, irin su nauyi - gurɓataccen ƙarfe, wanda ke da alaƙa da zinc - hanyar maye gurbin ƙura, hanyar electrolysis kai tsaye, lokacin da ake sarrafa shi sosai, ya fi dacewa da muhalli, yana ba da hanya mai dacewa don ci gaba mai dorewa na masana'antar hakar ma'adinai.

(II) Kalubalen da aka fuskanta

1.Stringent Bukatun don Maganin Maganin Ciki

Cyanide - leaching maganin ciki shine "raw abu" don aikin hakar zinare na electrolytic "kokarin," kuma ingancinsa yana da matuƙar mahimmanci. Ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin sigogi kamar abun ciki na ƙazanta, ƙaddamarwar zinari, da ƙimar pH a cikin maganin ciki na iya samun tasiri mai mahimmanci akan tasirin electrolysis. Saboda haka, kafin electrolysis, da ciki bayani dole ne a tsanake da kuma da kyau pretreated don cire "kayan aiki tsoma baki" kamar jan karfe, zinc, baƙin ƙarfe, da sauran karfe ions, da kuma dakatar da daskararru, don tabbatar da santsi ci gaba na electrolysis tsari.

2.Cost matsa lamba saboda High Power Consumption

Tsarin electrolysis shine makamashi - mai tsanani, yana buƙatar adadin makamashi mai yawa. Wannan babu shakka yana ƙara farashin samarwa. A halin da ake ciki na hauhawar farashin makamashi, neman hanyoyin da za a rage amfani da wutar lantarki ya zama matsala cikin gaggawa da za a magance.

3.High - Zuba Jari na Kayan Kofa

Don cimma hakar zinari kai tsaye, dole ne a samar da ƙwararrun sel na electrolytic, kayan samar da wutar lantarki, kayan lantarki, da sauransu. Farashin saka hannun jari na farko na waɗannan kayan aikin yana da tsada sosai, yana haifar da babban shinge ga wasu masana'antu waɗanda ke da ƙarancin albarkatun kuɗi.

4.Irin Hatsarin Tsaro

Dole ne a jaddada cewa cyanide - leaching maganin ciki yana da guba. A lokacin aikin lantarki, ko da ƙananan kuskuren aiki na iya haifar da mummunar haɗari na aminci kamar leaks na cyanide, haifar da babbar illa ga ma'aikata da muhalli.

III. Dalilai masu Tasiri: Mahimman Abubuwa a Maɗaukaki Maɗaukaki

(I) Zaɓin Kayan Kayan Wutar Lantarki

Ayyukan kayan aikin cathode yana da mahimmanci don tasirin zinare na zinari da ingantaccen aiki na yanzu, kamar zaɓin ɗan wasa na takalman gudu. Kayayyakin cathode na yau da kullun irin su bakin karfe da titanium suna da fa'ida da rashin amfaninsu kuma suna buƙatar zaɓar su a hankali bisa ga ainihin yanayi. Abun anode dole ne ya mallaki kyawawan halayen lantarki da ingantaccen juriya na lalata. Titanium - plated platinum electrodes da makamantansu zažužžukan sun dace don tabbatar da barga aiki a cikin wani hadadden yanayi electrolysis.

(II) Ka'idar Ma'aunin Electrolysis

Ma'auni na Electrolysis kamar yawa na yanzu, lokacin electrolysis, zafin jiki, da saurin motsa jiki suna kama da "kullin sarrafawa" na tsarin lantarki. Matsakaicin adadin da ya dace na yanzu zai iya haɓaka ƙimar ajiyar gwal, amma idan ya yi tsayi da yawa, halayen gefe zasu faru, rage haɓakar halin yanzu. Ana buƙatar ƙayyade lokacin electrolysis daidai bisa abubuwan da ke cikin zinariya a cikin maganin ciki da kuma yanayin lantarki don tabbatar da cikakken hakar zinariya. Gabaɗaya, haɓakar zafin jiki yana sauƙaƙe narkar da zinari da ajiyewa, amma idan ya yi tsayi da yawa, zai haifar da haɓakar haɓakar kuzari da haɓaka asarar cyanide. Matsakaicin da ya dace zai iya rarraba ions a ko'ina a cikin bayani kuma ya haɓaka ingancin lantarki.

(III) Tasirin Haɗin Maganin Ciki

Baya ga gwal na farko - cyanide complexion ion, sauran ions a cikin maganin ciki kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin hakar gwal. Idan maida hankali na CN^- ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, gwal-cyanide hadaddun ion na iya rarrabuwa, yana shafar ajiyar gwal. Idan maida hankali na OH^- yayi tsayi da yawa, zai rage saurin rushewar gwal. Iions na ƙazanta sun fi dacewa su saka fifiko a cikin cathode ko amsa tare da zinare - cyanide complex ion, suna tsoma baki tare da ci gaban al'ada na hakar gwal.

IV. Misalai na Aikace-aikacen: Nuna Nasarar Nasarar Aiki

Nasarar Kwarewar Jiangxi Jinshan Zinare na mine

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, Jiangxi Jinshan Gold Minne ya ci gaba da yin amfani da sabon tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki don hakar gwal. Wannan ma'auni ba wai kawai ya sauƙaƙe tsarin tafiyar ba amma kuma ya sami nasarar haɓaka adadin dawo da gwal zuwa sabon matsayi. A lokaci guda, an rage farashin samar da gwal da kashi 30% - 38%, yana kawo fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi ga ma'adinan da kuma kafa misali don yaɗawa da amfani da wannan fasaha.

Ƙoƙarin Ƙarfafawa na Zhuji Gold Minne

Tun a watan Afrilun 1988. Zhuji Gold Mine da ƙarfin hali ya yi amfani da wutar lantarki kai tsaye don cire bullion daga cyanide - leached carbon slurry. Ta hanyar gwaji mai amfani, an sami sakamako mai kyau, kuma an sami fa'idodi masu yawa na tattalin arziki, tare da ba da ƙwarewar tunani mai mahimmanci ga takwarorinsu.

The fasaha na kai tsaye electrolytic hakar zinariya daga cyanide - leaching ciki bayani, duk da fuskantar da yawa kalubale, an allura sabon vitality cikin ci gaban da zinariya ma'adinai masana'antu tare da musamman abũbuwan amfãni da kuma m aikace-aikace bege. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha da haɓakawa, an yi imanin cewa wannan fasaha za ta yi haske sosai a fagen hakar gwal a nan gaba.