Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Sodium Cyanide thiab Acid

sodium cyanide yog ib qho tshuaj lom inorganic heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev thaum nws tshwm sim nrog acids. Qhov no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog tsuas yog kev txhawj xeeb hauv kev lag luam thiab chaw kuaj mob tab sis tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau pej xeem kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.

Tshuaj tiv thaiv Mechanism

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) yog lub hauv paus muaj zog thiab thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub, tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dav dav tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li hauv qab no: NaCN + H⁺ → HCN + Na⁺. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cyanide ion (CN⁻) hauv sodium cyanide ua ke nrog hydrogen ion (H⁺) los ntawm cov kua qaub los tsim hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias tsis muaj zog acids, xws li Sodium Cyanide yog ib tug heev reactive compound nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acidic tshuaj.

Kev tsim cov tshuaj lom Hydrogen Cyanide Gas

Qhov tshwm sim tam sim ntawd thiab loj heev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Sodium cyanide thiab acid yog tsim los ntawm hydrogen cyanide gas. Hydrogen cyanide yog ib qho tshuaj lom thiab tsis haum tshuaj. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv qis concentrations, nqus tau hydrogen cyanide tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej - hem. Cov pa roj ua los ntawm inhibiting lub cev muaj peev xwm siv oxygen ntawm qib cellular. Tshwj xeeb, nws khi rau cov hlau hauv cytochrome c oxidase, ib qho enzyme koom nrog hauv electron thauj saw ntawm tes ua pa. Qhov kev khi no cuam tshuam qhov kev khiav dej num ntawm electrons, tiv thaiv cov hlwb los ntawm kev tsim cov adenosine triphosphate (ATP), uas yog lub zog txiaj ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Vim li ntawd, cov hlwb tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo, ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li ua pa nrawm, kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, xeev siab, thiab mob hnyav, tsis nco qab, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, thiab tuag.

Environmental Contamination

Kev tso tawm cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide rau hauv ib puag ncig vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium cyanide nrog cov kua qaub tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib kis ntawm ib puag ncig. Hauv huab cua, cov pa roj tuaj yeem tawg thiab cuam tshuam rau thaj tsam loj. Nws tuaj yeem nqa los ntawm cua, muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm cov zej zog nyob ze, tsiaj qus, thiab cov nroj tsuag rau nws cov tshuaj lom. Yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim ze ntawm lub cev dej, hydrogen cyanide tuaj yeem yaj hauv dej, tsim hydrocyanic acid. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov dej saum npoo av, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej hauv dej. Cov kab mob hauv dej muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau cyanide, thiab txawm tias qib qis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lawv lub paj hlwb, gills, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrog cev, ua rau tuag coob - tawm hauv cov ntses thiab lwm hom dej.

Kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws thiab tawg

Hydrogen cyanide tsis yog tsuas yog tshuaj lom tab sis kuj flammable. Qhov tawg ntau ntawm hydrogen cyanide hauv huab cua yog 5.6% - 40% los ntawm ntim. Yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium cyanide thiab acid tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw kaw lossis qhov cua tsis zoo uas cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw tawg no, thiab muaj qhov hluav taws kub tshwm sim (xws li lub txim taws, qhib nplaim taws, lossis kub kub), muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws kub lossis tawg. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv rau vaj tse, tso tawm cov tshuaj lom ntxiv, thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov neeg nyob ze.

Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium cyanide thiab acid, cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb nruj yuav tsum ua raws. Hauv cov chaw ua lag luam uas tswj cov sodium cyanide, kev cia kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb. Sodium cyanide yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, kom deb ntawm cov kua qaub thiab lwm yam tshuaj reactive. Cov chaw yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab ua pa txaus los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov roj hydrogen cyanide thaum muaj cov pa xau lossis kev sib tsoo. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tuav cov tshuaj sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau kawm txog cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb kom raug, suav nrog kev siv cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej xws li roj - cov hnab looj tes nruj, lub tshuab ua pa, thiab hnab looj tes. Thaum muaj qhov nchuav los yog xav tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov phiaj xwm daws teeb meem yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, uas tej zaum yuav suav nrog kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob los cuam tshuam nrog cov roj hydrogen cyanide tso tawm lossis siv cov khoom nqus dej kom muaj cov kua qaub.

Hauv kev xaus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium cyanide thiab acid yog ib qho kev hem thawj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, ib puag ncig, thiab kev nyab xeeb. Kev nkag siab txog qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam uas tswj cov tshuaj no, nrog rau cov neeg muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov pej xeem. Los ntawm kev siv cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb kom raug thiab paub txog cov kev pheej hmoo, qhov tshwm sim thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog sodium cyanide thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid tuaj yeem txo qis.