Gịnị bụ solubility nke sodium cyanide?

Nkọwa nke Solubility

Solubility na-ezo aka na ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke solute nke nwere ike igbari na ihe mgbaze nyere na otu okpomọkụ na nrụgide iji mepụta ngwọta otu. A na-egosipụtakarị ya na gram nke solute kwa 100 milliliters (g/100 ml) nke ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ na moles kwa liter (mol/L).

Solubility nke sodium cyanide na mmiri

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) na-agbaze nke ukwuu na mmiri. N'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ụlọ (ihe dị ka 25 °C), ihe dị ka gram 48 nke Sodium cyanide nwere ike ịgbaze na 100 milliliters nke mmiri. Ka okpomọkụ na-arị elu, ike ya na-agbazekwa na mmiri na-arị elu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 34.7 °C, ike ya na-agbaze na mmiri bụ ihe dị ka 82 g/100 mL.

Enwere ike ịkọwa na oke mmiri sodium cyanide na-agbaze n'ime mmiri dị iche iche. Sodium cyanide bụ ihe mejupụtara ionic, nke nwere sodium cations (Na⁺) na cyanide anions (CN⁻). Mmiri bụ molekul polar, nwere chajị dị mma na atọm hydrogen na chajị na-adịghị mma na atọm oxygen. Mgbe etinyere sodium cyanide na mmiri, molekul mmiri polar na-akpakọrịta na ion dị na sodium cyanide. A na-adọta nsọtụ dị mma nke molekul mmiri na anions cyanide, a na-adọtakwa nsọtụ na-adịghị mma na kations sodium. Mmekọrịta ion - dipole siri ike a n'etiti ion nke sodium cyanide na molekul mmiri na-enye ohere ka sodium cyanide gbazee ngwa ngwa na mmiri.

Ọzọkwa, usoro mgbasa nke sodium cyanide na mmiri bụ usoro exothermic. Dị ka ụkpụrụ Le Chatelier si kwuo, maka usoro mgbasa nke exothermic, ịba ụba okpomọkụ ga-agbanwe nha nke mmeghachi omume mgbasa n'ebe ntụziaka nke solute siri ike (na-agbasaghị). Otú ọ dị, n'ihe banyere sodium cyanide, mmụba nke okpomọkụ ka na-eduga ná mmụba nke solubility. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mmụba nke okpomọkụ na-amụbakwa ike nke kinetic nke mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri na ions, nke na-akwalite dissociation nke sodium cyanide n'ime ions na mgbasa ha na mmiri, na-eme ka mmetụta nke exothermic ọdịdị nke mmeghachi omume mgbasa na solubility ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.

Solubility na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ

Na mgbakwunye na mmiri, sodium cyanide nwere njirimara solubility dị iche iche na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ:

• Ethanol : Sodium cyanide anaghị agbaze nke ọma na ethanol. Mmiri dị na ethanol dị obere karịa mmiri. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ethanol anaghị agbaze nke ọma karịa mmiri. Akụkụ na-abụghị polar nke ethanol (òtù ethyl) na-ebelata polarity nke ihe mgbaze ahụ dum. N'ihi ya, mmekọrịta ion- dipole dị n'etiti ion sodium cyanide na molecule ethanol adịghị ike dịka nke nwere molecule mmiri, nke na-eduga na mbelata mmiri.

• Ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ dị ndụ : Sodium cyanide nwere obere mgbaze na ihe mgbaze ndị na-adịghị na polar dịka benzene, ether, wdg. Ihe mgbaze ndị na-abụghị polar enweghị ike imekọrịta nke ọma na ụdị ionic dị na sodium cyanide. Ebe ọ bụ na molekul ndị na-abụghị polar enweghị nkewa chaja dị mkpa, ha enweghị ike ịdọta ion sodium na cyanide iji mebie njikọ ionic dị na sodium cyanide ma gbasaa ion ndị dị na ihe mgbaze ahụ.

Ihe Solubility pụtara

Ngwa mmepụta ihe

N'ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ọlaedo , oke mmiri sodium cyanide dị na mmiri dị oke mkpa. Ọlaedo na-emepụta ihe mgbaze na sodium cyanide n'ime mmiri. Enwere ike ịhazi ihe mgbaze ọlaedo a na-agbaze na cyanide iji wepụta ọlaedo dị ọcha. Mmiri sodium cyanide na mmiri na-enye ohere maka ịpụpụta ọlaedo site na ihe ndị dị na ya nke ọma.

Chemical Jeremaya

Na njikọ kemịkalụ, solubility nke sodium cyanide na ihe mgbaze kwesịrị ekwesị na-emetụta ọnụego mmeghachi omume na mkpụrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ụfọdụ mmeghachi omume nucleophilic ebe a na-eji sodium cyanide mee ihe dị ka nucleophile, solubility ya na mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume (na-abụkarị ihe mgbaze polar dị ka mmiri ma ọ bụ mmanya - ngwakọta mmiri) na-ekpebi ngwa ngwa cyanide ion nwere ike imeghachi na mkpụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na solubility dị oke ala, ntinye nke ion cyanide reactive na ngwọta ga-adị ala, nke nwere ike belata mmeghachi omume ahụ ma ọ bụ ọbụna gbochie mmeghachi omume ahụ nke ọma.

Nchekwa nchekwa na gburugburu ebe obibi

Ịghọta solubility nke sodium cyanide dịkwa mkpa maka nchekwa na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ihi oke nsi ya, ọ bụrụ na awụfuru sodium cyanide na mberede, solubility ya na mmiri pụtara na ọ nwere ike gbaze ngwa ngwa ma metọọ isi mmiri. sodium cyanide soluble nwere ike hapụ gas hydrogen cyanide na-egbu egbu n'ihu acid ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ụfọdụ ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọmụma nke solubility ya na-enyere aka n'ichepụta usoro njide kwesịrị ekwesị na nhazigharị ma ọ bụrụ na ihe mwụfu.

Na mmechi, sodium cyanide nwere nnukwu mgbaze na mmiri, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe na okpomọkụ, yana obere mgbaze na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ dị ka ethanol na obere mgbaze na ihe mgbaze ndị na-abụghị polar. Ihe mgbaze a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ojiji ya na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe , mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ, na akụkụ ndị metụtara nchekwa.