Tenzi mashandisiro eflotation reagents: vandudza iko kurongeka kwemamineral kuumbwa kwekuona

Muminda yekugadzirisa zvicherwa uye kuongorora geology, kushandiswa kwakakodzera kweFlotation reagents kwakakosha pakuona nemazvo mineral compositions. Flotation inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu physicochemical yekuparadzanisa uye kuwedzera zvicherwa, zvichienderana nekusiyana kwehunhu hwe physicochemical hwezvicherwa. Nekuwedzera ma reagents, hydrophilicity kana hydrophobicity ye mineral surfaces inogona kugadziriswa, zvichiita kuti zvicherwa zvakatarwa zviparadzaniswe kubva ku gangue.

Ichi chinyorwa chichasuma nhevedzano yematipi anoshanda ekushanda ekubatsira maLabhoritari matekiniki uye mainjiniya emigodhi kukwenenzvera nzira yekuyangarara, kuvandudza iko kurongeka uye kudzokorora kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo.

Kutanga, ngatitangei nemhando dzezvinhu zvinogadzira ma "flotation reagents" — Vaunganidzi , Vagadziri , uye Vagadziri . Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinoita basa rakasiyana mukuita kwe "flotation". Vaunganidzi vanowedzera hydrophobicity yemaminerari, vachisimudzira kubatana kwawo nemabubble emhepo; ma "frothers" anobatsira kudzikamisa layer yefuro, zvichiita kuti zvicherwa zvakapfuma zviparadzaniswe nyore nyore kubva mu "slurry"; ma "modifiers" anoshandiswa kugadzirisa pH kana simba re "ionic" re "slurry", zvichigadzira mamiriro akakodzera e "mineral flotation".

Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, mhando uye mashandisirwo ezvinoshandiswa pakudonha kwemvura zviri kuwedzerawo. Kusarudzwa nemazvo uye kushandiswa kwema reagent aya hakungogone chete kuvandudza mwero wekudzoserwa kwezvicherwa uye mamakisi asiwo kunounza mabhenefiti makuru maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kudzora mitengo.

Maitiro ekushandisa Flotation Reagents Zvakanaka?

Mhando dzeReagents

Mhando dzema reagents anoshandiswa muzvirimwa zvinoyerera zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita se ore zvivakwa, kuyerera kwemaitiro, uye huwandu hwezvinodiwa zvicherwa zvigadzirwa. Kazhinji, ivo vanotemerwa kuburikidza ne ore selectivity bvunzo kana semi-industrial bvunzo.

Mareagents anogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya mumhando nhatu huru zvichienderana nemabasa avo:

1. Frothers: Zvinhu zvinogadzira furo zvinopararira pakati pemvura nemhepo. Zvinoshandiswa kugadzira furo rinogona kuyangarara muzvicherwa. Zvinhu zvinogadzirwa furo zvinosanganisira mafuta emupaini, cresyl acid, uye alcohols.

2. Vaunganidzi: Basa ravo nderekubata zvicherwa zvinovavarirwa, vachichinja kushaya simba kwemvura pamusoro pezvicherwa kuti zvibvumire zvicherwa zvinoyangarara kuti zvinamire kumabubble emhepo. Zvichienderana nehunhu hwazvo, vaunganidzi vanogona kukamurwa kuita vaunganidzi vasiri vepolar, vaunganidzi veanionic, uye vaunganidzi vecationic. Vaunganidzi vanowanzoshandiswa vanosanganisira mushonga mutema, mushonga weyero, mushonga muchena, mafuta acids, mafuta amines, uye mafuta emaminerari.

3. Zvinogadzirisa: Zvinogadzirisa zvinosanganisira zvinokonzeresa uye zvinodzivisa, izvo zvinoshandura hunhu hwepamusoro pemaminerari, zvichikanganisa kudyidzana pakati pezvicherwa nevaunganidzi. Zvinogadzirisa zvinosanganisirawo zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kushandura hunhu hwemakemikari kana electrochemical hwenzvimbo yemvura, zvakaita se pH adjusters uye mamiriro evaunganidzi. Mhando dzezvinogadzirisa dzinosanganisira:

• Zvinogadzirisa pH: Lime, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide.

• Zvinoshanda: Copper sulfate, sodium sulfide.

• Zvinodzivisa: Lime, munyu weropa yero, sodium sulfide, sulfur dioxide, sodium cyanide, zinc sulfate, potassium dichromate, water glass, tannin, soluble colloids, starch, synthetic polymers, nezvimwewo.

• Zvimwe: Zvinonyorovesa, zvinoyamura mvura, zvinonyungudutsa mvura, nezvimwewo.

Reagent Dosage

The dosage reagents panguva flotation inofanira kuva chaiyo; kusakwana kana kuwandisa kwemari kunogona kukanganisa zviratidzo zvekugadzira mineral. Kunyanya kushandiswa kunogonawo kuwedzera mari yekugadzirisa.

Hukama Pakati peReagent Dosage uye Flotation Indicators:

• Kusakwana kwemuyero wekuunganidza zvinhu kunogona kukonzera kusakwana kwemvura inonyungudika mumaminerari, zvichideredza mwero wekudzoserwa kwezvinhu. Kusiyana neizvi, kuwanda kwazvo kunogona kuderedza kunaka kwemvura inonyungudika uye kuita kuti kupatsanurwa kwemvura kuome.

• Kusakwana kwemupimo wefuro kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwefuro, nepo kuwanda kwaro kuchigona kukonzera "kupfachukira".

• Kusashandisa activator zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kusashanda zvakanaka, nepo kuwanda kwazvo kunogona kukanganisa kusarudza kwenzira yekuyangarara.

• Kusakwana kwemuyero weinhibitor kunogona kuderedza huwandu hwe concentrate, nepo huwandu hwakawanda hunogona kudzvinyirira zvicherwa zvinofanira kuyerera, zvichideredza mwero wekudzoserwa kwemvura.

Reagent Kugadzirira

Solid reagents anonatswa kuita zvinwiwa kuti zvive nyore kuwedzera. Mvura isinganyungudike reagents yakadai semushonga yeyero, mushonga mutema weamine, girazi remvura, sodium carbonate, copper sulfate, uye sodium sulfide inofanira kugadzirirwa semushonga wemvura ine maconcentrations kubva pa2% kusvika 10%. Mvura-isingagadziriswi reagents inoda kunyungudutswa mumudziyo usati wagadzirirwa semushonga wemvura wekuwedzera, sevamwe vaunganidzi veamine vanogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga, seNo. 2 mafuta, No. 31 mushonga wakasviba, uye oleic acid. Kune mareagents akanyanya kunyungudika anoda huwandu hwakakosha, kugadzirira kutenderera kunowanzo kubva pa10% kusvika 20%, senge sodium sulfide, iyo inogadzirirwa pa15% panguva yekushandiswa. Kune zvisinganyanyi kunyungudika reagents, organic solvents inogona kushandiswa kunyungudutsa isati yaagadzirira seyakaderera-concentration mhinduro.

Kusarudzwa kwenzira yekugadzirira Reagent kunonyanya kuenderana nehunhu hwema reagents, nzira yekuwedzera, uye mashandiro awo. Reagent imwechete inogona kuva nemusiyano wakakura muhuwandu uye mhedzisiro nekuda kwenzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirira. Kazhinji, nzira dzekugadzirira dzakajairika dzinosanganisira:

1. Kugadzira mhinduro yemvura ye2% kusvika 10%: Zvizhinji zvezvinoshandiswa zvinonyungudika mumvura zvinogadzirwa nenzira iyi (semuenzaniso, mushonga weyero, copper sulfate, girazi remvura).

2. Kunyungudika muchinhu chinonyungudika: Mamwe ma reagents asinganyungudike mumvura anogona kunyungudika muzvinhu zvinonyungudika. Semuenzaniso, mushonga muchena haunyungudike mumvura asi unogona kunyungudika mu 10% kusvika 20% aniline solution, uye unofanirwa kushandiswa mushure mekugadzira mhinduro yakasanganiswa yeaniline. Saizvozvowo, mushonga mutema weaniline haunyungudike mumvura asi unogona kunyungudika mu sodium hydroxide alkaline solution, saka mhinduro ye alkaline sodium hydroxide inofanira kutanga yagadzirwa usati waisa reagent kuti igadzire mhinduro ye aniline black medicine yekudonha.

3. Kugadzirira semushonga kana emulsion: Kune mamwe ma reagents akaoma asinganyunguduke zvakanaka, anogona kugadzirwa semushonga wekushandisa. Semuenzaniso, lime haina kunyunguduka kwakanyanya mumvura, saka inogona kukuyiwa zvakanaka kuita upfu uye kusanganiswa nemvura kuti iite musanganiswa wemukaka (semuenzaniso, mukaka we lime), kana kuti inogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga muchimiro cheupfu hwakaoma mu ball mill kana mu stirging tank.

4. Kuisa musanganiswa wemafuta: Kune vanounganidza mafuta, kuisa musanganiswa wemafuta ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa. Semuenzaniso, pakusarudza hematite, sipo yeparafini nemafuta etar inoshandiswa semusanganiswa wemafuta. Kuti isa musanganiswa wemafuta etar, inenge 10% sodium carbonate inofanira kuwedzerwa pakugadzira reagent, uye kupiswa kuti pave nemusanganiswa wesipo inopisa wekuwedzera.

5. Kubatanidza: Kusanganisa kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa ultrasonic emulsification kana mechanical stirging. Mushure mekubatanidza, mafuta acids nedhiziri zvinogona kuwedzera kupararira kwazvo muslurry, zvichivandudza kushanda kwe reagents. Kuwedzera mamwe emulsifying agents kunogona kuwedzera kushanda.

6. Kuisa Asidhi: Pakushandisa cationic collectors, nekuda kwekusanyunguduka kwayo, inofanira kurapwa ne hydrochloric acid kana acetic acid isati yanyungudika mumvura kuti ifambe.

7. Nzira yeAerosol: Iyi inzira itsva yekugadzirira inowedzera kushanda kwezvinoshandiswa. Inosanganisira kushandisa mudziyo wekupfapfaidza wakakosha kuti unyungudise ma reagents mumhepo usati waaisa zvakananga mutangi reflotation, saka inonziwo "nzira yeaerosol flotation." Nzira iyi haingogadzirisi chete kufambiswa kwemaminerari anobatsira asiwo inoderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwezvinoshandiswa. Semuenzaniso, chiyero chevaunganidzi chinogona kuva chikamu chimwe muzvitatu kusvika chikamu chimwe muzvina chehuwandu hwenguva dzose, nepo chiyero chefrother chinogona kuva chikamu chimwe muzvishanu chete.

8. Kurapa ma reagents nemagetsi: Direct current inopfuudzwa nemushonga wekurapa ma flotation reagents nemakemikari, izvo zvinogona kushandura mamiriro e reagent, pH value, uye redox potential, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kuwanda kwezvikamu zve reagent zvinonyanya kushanda, zvichiwedzera kuwanda kwakakosha pakuumba ma colloids, uye kuvandudza kupararira kwe ma reagents asinganyunguduke zvakanaka mumvura.

Kazhinji, vaunganidzi uye frothers vanomutswa kwemaminetsi 1-2, nepo mamwe mareagents, senge potassium dichromate anoshandiswa kudzvanya mutobvu mukuparadzaniswa kwemhangura-lead, angangoda kumhanyisa kwenguva refu.

Reagent Yekuwedzera Nzvimbo

Kuti kuwedzere kushanda kwema flotation reagents, tsika yakajairika ndeyekuwedzera maejenti ekugadzirisa, inhibitors, uye vamwe vaunganidzi (semuenzaniso, parafini) muchigayo chebhora kugadzira nzvimbo yakakodzera yekuyangarara nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Vanounganidza uye frothers vanonyanya kuwedzerwa mune yekutanga inosimudzira tangi ye flotation process. Kana pane matangi maviri anokurudzira, activator inofanira kuwedzerwa mutangi yekutanga, nepo muunganidzi uye frother inofanira kuwedzerwa mune yechipiri tangi. Iwo mapoinzi ekuwedzera anosiyana zvichienderana nemabasa emareagents mumushini weflotation. Semuenzaniso, copper sulfate, yero mushonga, uye mafuta emupine zvinowanzowedzerwa nenzira inotevera: copper sulfate inowedzerwa pakati petangi rinokuchidzira rekutanga, mushonga weyero uri pakati petangi rechipiri, uye mafuta epaini panobuda tangi rechipiri rinobvongodza. Kazhinji, miti inoyerera inotanga kuwedzera pH inogadzirisa kuunza slurry kune yakakodzera pH isati yabvumira muunganidzi uye inhibitor kushanda zvakanyanya. Paunenge uchiwedzera ma reagents, zvakakosha kuti uzive nezve nyaya yemamwe maion anokuvadza anokonzera kusashanda reagent. Semuenzaniso, ion yemhangura inopindirana neiyo hydride ion inogona kutungamirira kune kusashanda kwema hydrides. Mukuparadzana kwemhangura-sarufa, kana paine maion akawanda emhangura mutangi rinokurudzira, cyanide haifanirwe kuwedzerwa kune tangi inomutsa asi inofanira kuwedzerwa zvakananga panguva yekuparadzanisa kutenderera.

Reagent Addition Order

Iyo yakajairwa kurongeka kweiyo reagent yekuwedzera mumiti yeflotation ndeiyi: kune kutenderera kweore mbishi, inofanirwa kunge iri pH inogadzirisa, inhibitors kana activators, frothers, uye vateresi; kune zvicherwa zvakavharwa panguva yekuyerera, kurongeka ndeye activators, vaunganidzi, uye frothers.

Reagent Kuwedzera Nzira

Pane kazhinji nzira mbiri dzekuwedzera reagents: yepakati yekuwedzera uye yakapararira yekuwedzera. Sarudzo yekuwedzera nzira inofanirwa kufunga ese ari maviri reagents marudzi uye zviito zve reagents.

1. Kuwedzerwa Kwechinhu Chinopindirana: Zvishandiso zvakawanda zvinowedzerwa pakati; semuenzaniso, zvinounganidza, zvinokonzeresa, uye zvinodzivisa zvinowedzerwa kumatangi ekukurunga.

2. Kuwedzera Kwakapararira: Mamwe ma reagents anogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga mutangi re flotation, iro rinowanzo shandiswa kune ma reagents anoshanduka kana anonzwa kune mamwe ma reagents. Semuenzaniso, kana ma reagents e flotation achikonzera migumisiro yakaipa kune mumwe nemumwe (semuenzaniso, simba rakaipa re sodium sulfide yakawandisa pa activated flotation), ma reagents anogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga mumuchina we flotation.

mhedziso

Kuburikidza nesarudzo chaiyo, kugadzirira, kuyerwa, uye kuwedzera kwema flotation reagents, kugadzirwa kwemaminerari uye geological ongororo inogona kuvandudzwa, ichiwedzera huchokwadi uye kugona kwebvunzo uye ongororo. Aya matipi ekushanda ane chinangwa chekubatsira nyanzvi dzemurabhoritari uye mainjiniya emigodhi mukushandisa zvirinani mareagents ekufambisa, zvichitungamira mukuvandudzika kwekushanda uye mhedzisiro yakavimbika.