Loluphi uhlobo lwentsimbi ekrwada oluLufaneleyo iCyanide Heap Leaching?

I-Cyanide heap leaching yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lokutsalwa kwegolide ekusetyenzweni kweentlobo ezithile zentsimbi ekrwada. Ukuqonda iimpawu zeentsimbi ezikrwada ezilungele le nkqubo kubalulekile ekufumaneni igolide ngokufanelekileyo.

1. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi: Iintsimbi zeBanga eliPhantsi

Inkqubo yokukhupha iCyanide heap iqhelekile ukuba ifaneleke kuphela kunyango lwee-ore zegolide ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ngakumbi ii-ore ze-Oxidized ezikumgangatho ophantsi . Uninzi lwezi ore ze-oxidized zii-ore ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezi-oxidized. Ngenxa yobukhulu be-ore particles kwinkqubo yokukhupha i-heap, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-ore kunye ne- cyanide leaching agent kubuthathaka. Ngenxa yoko, izinga lokukhupha igolide aliphezulu njengezinye iindlela zokukhupha igolide, nto leyo ethintela ukusetyenziswa kwayo ikakhulu kwii-ore ezikumgangatho ophantsi apho ukusebenza kweendleko kusenokugcinwa. Udidi lwegolide lwee-ore ezifanelekileyo zokukhupha i-cyanide heap lukwi-1.0 - 3.0 g/t, kwaye kuphela udidi lwegolide lweedipozithi zomntu ngamnye olungaphezulu kwe-3.0 g/t.

2. Iimpawu zoLwakhiwo lwentsimbi ekrwada kunye noBumeko

2.1 Iimpawu zeGold Particle

• Iinxalenye zeGolide eziLungileyo okanye eziMile ngokuSicaba : Ubungakanani beenxalenye zegolide ezifakwe kwi-ore efanelekileyo bulungile okanye buthe tyaba. Olu hlobo lwenza kube lula ukuba igolide ikhuhlwe yi-cyanide. Iinxalenye zegolide eziLungileyo okanye ezimilo oluthe tyaba zinokudibana ngcono ne-cyanide leaching agent, nto leyo enceda ukunyibilika kwegolide ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhupha i-heap leaching. Umzekelo, kwii-ore ezisasazekileyo ezixiliswe, igolide ihlala ikhona kwiinxalenye ezincinci ezisasazeke kuyo yonke i-ore matrix, nto leyo enceda ekukhuhlweni kwe-cyanide.

2.2 I-Porosity kunye nePermeability

• Iintsimbi ezikhululekileyo, ezinemingxunya, nezingena kwi-Ore : Intsimbi kufuneka ikhululeke, inemingxunya, kwaye ingena kwi-Ore ngenxa ye-oxidation kunye ne-weathering. Ezi mpawu zomzimba ziluncedo kwisisombululo se-cyanide ukuba singene kwi-ore pile. Xa isisombululo se-cyanide sinokufikelela ngempumelelo kwiiminerali ezithwele igolide, impendulo yokuvuza inokwenzeka. Iintsimbi ezifana nezo bezinemingxunya ixesha elide zihlala zivelisa isakhiwo esinemingxunya, zivumela isisombululo se-cyanide ukuba singene kwaye siqhagamshelane namasuntswana egolide angaphakathi.

• Iintsimbi ezineGolide efikelelekayo ngokuzityumza : Kwintsimbi ezinemingxuma embalwa ekuqaleni, igolide ingavezwa ngendlela yokuyityumza. Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo lokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuba i-cyanide heap leaching ikhutshwe. Ngokuyityumza, izakhiwo zangaphakathi zegolide ziyaphuka, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba i-cyanide leaching agent ifumane igolide. Ezinye iintsimbi eziqinileyo ezinegolide evalelweyo ngaphakathi zinokucutshungulwa ngale ndlela ukuze zilungele i-heap leaching.

2.3 Ukuqulunqwa kwemichiza

• Izinto eziphantsi kwe-Acidic kunye nezinto ezingasebenziyo : I-ore mayingabi nezinto ezingaphantsi kwe-acidic kunye nezinto ezingaphantsi kwe-acidic ezinokusabela kwi-cyanide. Izinto eziphantsi kwe-acidic okanye izinto ezisabelayo zinokutya i-cyanide leaching agent. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho inani elikhulu leeminerali ze-acidic kwi-ore, ziya kusabela kwi-cyanide, zinciphise ubungakanani be-cyanide ekhoyo yokuleyisha igolide kwaye ngaloo ndlela zinciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokuleyisha i-cyanide heap.

• Akukho Zinto Zifunxayo okanye Zibangela Ukubola Kwegolide : I-ore akufuneki ibe nezinto ezifunxayo okanye ezifunxayo igolide enyibilikisiweyo. Ukuba ezi zinto zikhona, zinokuthintela ukukhutshelwa kwegolide ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhutshelwa kwe-cyanide heap, nto leyo enciphisa izinga lokufunyanwa kwegolide iyonke. Umzekelo, ezinye ii-ore ezityebileyo kwiCarbon zinokufunxa i-dissolved gold-cyanide complex, nto leyo ethintela ukuqhubekeka kwayo ukuze ifunyanwe igolide.

3. Iintlobo zentsimbi ekrwada

3.1 Intsimbi ekrwada esasaziweyo

Iintsimbi ezikrwada ezisasaziweyo ezixutywe ne-oxid zikulungele kakhulu ukuvuza kwimfumba yecyanide. Kwezi ore, igolide isasazwa ngokulinganayo kwimo ecolekileyo-ecolekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-oxidized rock matrix. Inkqubo ye-oxidation iye yahlala yenza i-ore ibe yi-porous ngakumbi, kwaye igolide ecolekileyo ifumaneka lula kwisisombululo se-cyanide. Umzekelo, kwezinye iidiphozithi zelitye lentlabathi ezinegolide eziye zatyhubela imozulu yexesha elide kunye ne-oxidation, igolide isasazwa kwi-matrix yelitye lentlabathi, kwaye i-cyanide heap leaching inokukhupha igolide ngokufanelekileyo.

3.2 Intsimbi ekrwada yeSulfide eneGolide engaManyaniswe ngokusondeleyo

Iintsimbi zesulfide apho igolide ingahlali ngokusondeleyo neeminerali zesulfide nazo zinokunyangwa ngokuvuza kwemfumba yecyanide. Kwii-ores ezinjalo, igolide ayibophekanga ngokuqinileyo kumacandelo e-sulfide. Xa intsimbi igrumba - ivuza ngecyanide, icyanide inokukhetha ukunyibilikisa igolide ngaphandle kokuchatshazelwa kakhulu ziiminerali zesulfide. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba igolide inxulunyaniswe ngokusondeleyo neeminerali zesulfide, isulfide inokufuna ukucocwa kwangaphambili (njengokugcadiswa okanye ngebio-oxidation) ukwenza ukuba igolide ifikeleleke ekuvuzeni icyanide.

3.3 Idiphozithi yeGolide yeVein okanye iDiphozithi yeGolide yokuPlakela ngeeNcam zeGolide eziNcinane

Iidipozithi zegolide zevein okanye iidiphozithi zegolide zokubeka ezinamasuntswana egolide amancinci okanye indawo ethile enkulu engaphezulu yamasuntswana egolide ilungele ukuvuza kwemfumba yecyanide. Amasuntswana egolide amancinci anommandla omkhulu wokudibana nesisombululo se-cyanide, esikhuthaza ukusabela kwe-leaching. Kwiidiphozithi zegolide ze-vein, ukuba igolide ikhona ikwimo ecikizekileyo-ecolekileyo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-vein, kunye ne-vein-hosting rock ine-porosity efanelekileyo kunye nokungena, i-cyanide heap leaching ingaba yindlela esebenzayo yokukhupha. Iidiphozithi zegolide ze-Placer, apho igolide iye yachithwa kwaye yachithwa ibe ngamasuntswana amancinci, nayo inokucutshungulwa ngokusebenzisa le ndlela.

Ukuqukumbela, i-cyanide heap leaching yeyona ifaneleka kakhulu kwi-low-grade ores eneempawu ezithile zesakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo, kubandakanya igolide ecolekileyo, i-porosity efanelekileyo, kunye nokungabikho kwezinto eziphazamisayo. Ngokuqonda ezi mfuno zentsimbi ekrwada, imisebenzi yokwembiwa kwemigodi inokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwemfumba ye-cyanide yokukhutshwa kwegolide ngokufanelekileyo nangeendleko.