Impembelelo yamaBanga ahlukeneyo eOre ekuSetyenzisweni kweSodium Cyanide kwiMisebenzi yeMigodi

Kwicandelo lokwemba, ingakumbi kwiinkqubo zokukhupha igolide apho i-cyanidation iyindlela eqhelekileyo, ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi komgangatho we-Ore kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe -Sodium Cyanide kubalulekile. I-Sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunyibilikiseni igolide kwi-ore matrix, kodwa ubungakanani obufunekayo bunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho we-ore ecutshungulwayo.

Ukuqonda iBanga leOre

Umgangatho wentsimbi ekrwada ubhekisa kuxinzelelo lweminerali exabisekileyo, efana negolide, ngaphakathi kwentsimbi ekrwada. I-ore yomgangatho ophezulu iqulethe isixa esikhulu seminerali efunwayo, ngelixa i-ore yomgangatho ophantsi inoxinzelelo olusezantsi kakhulu. Umzekelo, intsimbi ekrwada yegolide yodidi oluphezulu isenokuba neegram ezininzi zegolide ngetoni yentsimbi ekrwada, lo gama intsimbi ekrwada yodidi oluphantsi inokuba ngaphantsi kwegram enye ngetoni nganye.

Inkqubo yeCyanidation

Inkqubo yeCyanidation isebenzisa izisombululo ze-sodium cyanide ukuze ivumelane negolide kwi-ore. Xa kukho ioksijini, ii-ion ze-cyanide kwisisombululo se -Sodium cyanide zidibana negolide ukuze zenze i-soluble complex. Le chemical reaction ivumela igolide ukuba yahlulwe kwi-ore matrix, okwenza kube lula ukuyikhupha. Le nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba iyasebenza ekukhupheni igolide kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-ore.

Impembelelo yeBanga leOre ekuSetyenzisweni kweSodium Cyanide

High - Grade Ores

Ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi : Xa usebenza ngee-ore ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ubungakanani be-sodium cyanide efunekayo ngeyunithi nganye yeeminerali ezixabisekileyo (umz., ngegram yegolide) buhlala buphantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweminerali ekujoliswe kuyo kumthamo omncinci we-ore. Umzekelo, ukuba i-ore yegolide ekumgangatho ophezulu ineegram ezili-10 zegolide ngetoni nganye, kwaye ifuna iikhilogram ezi-2 ze-sodium cyanide ngetoni nganye ye-ore ukuze kufezekiswe izinga elifanelekileyo lokukhupha, ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ngegram nganye yegolide yi-0.2 kg. Inani eliphantsi le-gangue (iiminerali ezingengoxabiso kwi-ore) kwii-ore ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuthetha ukuba kukho iimpendulo ezimbalwa ezingalindelekanga ezinokutya i-cyanide.

I-Faster Reaction Kinetics : Ii-ore ezikumgangatho ophezulu zidla ngokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ngesisombululo se-cyanide. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweminerali ekujoliswe kuyo lubonelela ngendawo ezininzi apho impendulo ye-cyanide-gold inokwenzeka khona. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yokukhupha ingagqitywa ngexesha elifutshane, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide kube kuncinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa isisombululo se-cyanide sidibana ne-ore ixesha elide, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ityiwe ziimpendulo ezisecaleni ezifana ne-hydrolysis okanye iimpendulo nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwi-ore.

Phantsi - Grade Ores

Ukusetyenziswa Okuphezulu : Ii-ore ezikumgangatho ophantsi zihlala zifuna isixa esiphezulu se-sodium cyanide ngeyunithi nganye yeeminerali ezixabisekileyo. Cinga nge-ore yegolide ekumgangatho ophantsi equlethe kuphela iigrama ze-0.5 zegolide ngetoni nganye. Ukuze kufezekiswe izinga elifanelekileyo lokukhupha, kunokufuneka i-1.5 kg ye-sodium cyanide ngetoni nganye yee-ore. Kule meko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ngegram nganye yegolide yi-3 kg, ephezulu kakhulu kunakwimizekelo ye-ore ekumgangatho ophezulu. Isizathu soku kukuba kukho umthamo omkhulu weeminerali ze-gangue kwii-ore ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Ezi minerali ze-gangue zinokusabela kwi-cyanide, nokuba ngokwenza ii-complexes okanye ngokutya ioksijini kwisisombululo, zombini ezo zinyusa imfuneko ye-cyanide.

Amanqanaba Okuphendula Acothayo : Inkqubo yokukhupha ii-ore ezikumgangatho ophantsi idla ngokuhamba kancinci. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lweminerali ekujoliswe kuyo kuthetha ukuba ii-ion ze-cyanide kufuneka zikhangele kumthamo omkhulu we-ore ukuze zifumane kwaye ziphendule ngegolide. Eli xesha lide lokuphendula linokukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwe-cyanide okwandisiweyo ngenxa yeempendulo ezingalindelekanga. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, ukuhlawula izinga lokuphendula elicothayo, uxinano oluphezulu lwe-cyanide lunokusetyenziswa kwisisombululo, nto leyo enyusa ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Eminye imiba echaphazela uBudlelwane

I-Mineralogy ye-Ore : Ukubakho kwezinye iiminerali kwi-ore kunokuphembelela kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide nokuba ingakanani na i-ore grade. Iiminerali ezifana ne-copper, i-zinc, i-arsenic, kunye ne-antimony zinokusabela kwi-cyanide, zenze ii-complexes ezizinzileyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela zidle i-cyanide ebinokufumaneka ukuba ikhutshwe igolide. Umzekelo, iiminerali ze-copper zinokusabela kwi-cyanide ukuze zenze ii-complexes ze-copper-cyanide, kwaye ukuba i-ore inexabiso elikhulu le-copper, ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide kuya kwanda kakhulu, nokuba kwii-ore zegolide eziphezulu.

Ubungakanani beenxalenye kunye nommandla womphezulu : Ubungakanani beenxalenye zeentsimbi kunye nommandla wazo womphezulu nazo zidlala indima. Iintsimbi ezicoliweyo zinendawo enkulu yomphezulu, nto leyo enokuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kwesisombululo se-cyanide kunye neenxalenye zegolide. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba intsimbi ingaphezulu komhlaba, inokunyusa inani leeminerali ze-gangue ezivezwayo kwaye zifumanekayo ukuba zisabela kwi-cyanide. Le nto inokuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide ngokwahlukileyo kwiintsimbi eziphezulu neziphantsi, kodwa ngokubanzi, ulawulo olufanelekileyo lobukhulu beenxalenye lubalulekile ukuze kuphuculwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide.

isiphelo

Isishwankathelo, ibakala le-ore linempembelelo enkulu kumlinganiselo we-sodium cyanide efunekayo kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation. I-ore yodidi oluphezulu idla ngokufuna i-sodium cyanide encinci kwiyunithi nganye yeminerali exabisekileyo kwaye ibe ne-kinetics yokusabela ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa i-ores yodidi oluphantsi ifuna izixa eziphezulu ze-cyanide kwaye zihlala zinemilinganiselo yokusabela kancinane. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto ezinje nge-mineralogy ye-ore kunye nobungakanani bamasuntswana nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo xa kumiselwa idosi ye-sodium cyanide efanelekileyo kwimisebenzi yezemigodi. Ngokuqonda obu budlelwane, abasebenzi basezimayini banokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye neendleko - ngokufanelekileyo ukukhupha iiminerali ezixabisekileyo ngelixa benciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ehambelana nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide.