Kai tsaye Electrowinning na Zinariya daga Maganin Cyanide

Gabatarwa

Cyanidation ta daɗe tana zama babbar hanyar cire zinare daga ma'adanai. Bayan tsarin cire cyanide , zinaren yana cikin maganin cyanide , wanda aka sani da maganin cire cyanide. A al'ada, ana amfani da hanyoyi kamar shaƙar Carbon (kamar tsarin Carbon-in-Column - CIC) da kuma simintin zinc (tsarin Merrill Crowe) don dawo da zinare daga wannan maganin. Duk da haka, amfani da wutar lantarki kai tsaye daga maganin cire cyanide ya fito a matsayin madadin da ke da kyau, yana ba da fa'idodi da yawa dangane da inganci, farashi, da tasirin muhalli.

Ka'idar Kai tsaye Electrowinning

Yin amfani da wutar lantarki kai tsaye tsari ne na lantarki. A cikin mahallin cire zinare daga mafita na cyanide, lokacin da aka wuce wutar lantarki ta hanyar maganin cyanide wanda ke ɗauke da zinare a cikin nau'in hadaddun aurocyanide ( Au(CN)_2^- ), waɗannan halayen suna faruwa a cikin lantarki:

• A wurin cathode : Au(CN)_2^- + e^- \rightarrow Au + 2CN^-

Zinare ions a cikin hadaddun aurocyanide suna samun electron kuma ana adana su azaman zinari na ƙarfe akan saman cathode.

• A anode : Dangane da yanayin, iskar shaka ko iskar shaka ta wasu nau'ikan da ke cikin maganin na iya faruwa. Misali, 2H_2O \rightarrow O_2 + 4H^+ + 4e^-

Amfanin Wutar Lantarki Kai tsaye

1. Sauƙi : Idan aka kwatanta da matakai da yawa kamar shaƙar carbon da ke biyo baya sannan kuma a cire su da kuma amfani da electrowinning (idan aka kwatanta da CIC), electrowinning kai tsaye yana rage yawan ayyukan naúrar. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa tsarin gaba ɗaya, yana sauƙaƙa aiki da kulawa.

2. Inganci na Farashi : Tare da ƙarancin matakan aiwatarwa, akwai yuwuwar ƙarancin kuɗaɗen jari da na aiki. Babu buƙatar saka hannun jari a manyan wuraren sake farfaɗo da carbon (kamar yadda yake a CIC) ko siyan adadi mai yawa na foda zinc (kamar yadda yake a cikin tsarin Merrill Crowe).

3. Samfurin Tsabta Mai Girma : Matsayin zinare kai tsaye na lantarki na iya haifar da tarin zinare mai tsarki akan cathode. Wannan na iya rage buƙatar yin gyare-gyare masu yawa a ƙasa, wanda hakan zai ƙara rage farashi.

4. Amfanin Muhalli : Ta hanyar kawar da amfani da zinc a cikin tsarin Merrill Crowe, akwai ƙarancin samar da sharar da ke ɗauke da zinc. Bugu da ƙari, sauƙaƙe tsarin na iya haifar da raguwar amfani da sinadarai gaba ɗaya da samar da sharar gida.

La'akarin Tsari

1. Mayar da Hankali : Yawan zinare a cikin maganin cyanide muhimmin abu ne. Duk da cewa ana iya amfani da electrowinning kai tsaye ga mafita masu yawan zinare, yawan zinare gabaɗaya yana haifar da saurin ajiyar kuɗi. Duk da haka, yawan zinare mai yawa na iya buƙatar ƙira na musamman na lantarki don tabbatar da ajiyar iri ɗaya.

2. Kayan Aikin Elektrode : Zaɓin kayan aikin elektrode yana da mahimmanci. Ana amfani da ulu mai bakin ƙarfe a matsayin kayan cathode don babban yankin saman sa, wanda ke ba da damar adana zinare mai inganci. Ga anode, ana fifita kayan da ke jure tsatsa a cikin maganin cyanide, kamar anodes masu ƙarfi (DSA).

3. pH da Zafin Jiki : Ya kamata a kula da pH na maganin cyanide a hankali. Yawanci ana kiyaye pH mai ɗan alkaline don hana ruɓewar cyanide. Zafin maganin kuma yana iya shafar saurin amfani da wutar lantarki, tare da yanayin zafi mafi girma gabaɗaya yana ƙara yawan amsawar amsawa amma kuma yana iya ƙara haɗarin ruɓewar cyanide.

Tsarin Tsarin

1. Shiri na Maganin Magani : Maganin zubar da ruwan cyanide mai ciki daga zubar da ruwan ko wasu hanyoyin zubar da ruwan cyanidation ana fara yi masa magani kafin a fara amfani da shi. Wannan na iya haɗawa da tacewa don cire daskararrun da aka dakatar, domin waɗannan na iya tsoma baki ga tsarin amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma haifar da gajeren da'ira tsakanin wutar lantarki.

2. Kwayar Wutar Lantarki : Daga nan sai a zuba maganin da aka riga aka yi wa magani a cikin kwayar lantarki. Kwayar tana da anode da cathode. Yayin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki, zinare zai fara zuba a kan kwayar.

3. Mayar da Zinare : Da zarar an zuba isasshen zinare a kan cathode, ana cire cathode ɗin daga cikin tantanin. Ana iya cire zinaren daga cathode ko dai ta hanyar injiniya ko ta hanyar sinadarai, ya danganta da yanayin kayan cathode ɗin. Sannan ana ƙara tsaftace zinaren da aka cire don samun zinare mai tsarki.

Kalubale da hangen nesa na gaba

1. Gudanar da Cyanide : Duk da cewa amfani da cyanide kai tsaye a cikin tsarin haƙar zinare yana ba da fa'idodi, amfani da cyanide a cikin tsarin haƙar zinare gaba ɗaya har yanzu yana haifar da haɗarin muhalli da aminci. Binciken da za a yi nan gaba na iya mai da hankali kan haɗa amfani da electrowinning kai tsaye tare da hanyoyin leaching marasa guba.

2. Amfani da Makamashi : Tsarin amfani da lantarki yana buƙatar ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa. Ƙirƙirar ƙarin kayan lantarki masu inganci da ƙira tantanin halitta wani yanki ne na bincike mai zurfi.

3. Ƙarfin Ma'auni : Kamar kowace fasaha mai tasowa, haɓaka aikin lantarki kai tsaye daga sikelin dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa sikelin masana'antu yana buƙatar a inganta shi sosai don tabbatar da daidaiton aiki da inganci.

Yin amfani da zinare kai tsaye daga mafita na cyanide yana wakiltar babban ci gaba a fannin fasaha a masana'antar haƙar zinare. Tare da ƙarin bincike da haɓakawa don magance ƙalubalen da ake da su, yana da yuwuwar zama hanya mafi rinjaye don dawo da zinare nan gaba kaɗan.