Mmetụta nke mineral ndị ejikọtara na usoro ịhịa aka n'ahụ Cyanide

Okwu Mmalite

Cyanide leaching bụ usoro a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmịpụta ọla edo na ọla ọcha site na ọla. Otú ọ dị, ọnụnọ nke dị iche iche Ngwakọta mineral na ore nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ na ịdị irè nke usoro a nke ọma. Ịghọta mmetụta ndị a dị oke mkpa maka ịkwalite cyanide ọrụ leaching na imeziwanye mgbake nke ọla ndị bara uru.

Iron mineral

Pyrite

Pyrite bụ ígwè nkịtị - mineral sulfide na ọla edo - na-ebu ores. N'oge cyanide leaching, mgbe pyrite dị na pulp, ọ nwere ike ịbụ oxidized ka ọ bụrụ ferrous sulfate. Sulfate ferrous a na-emeghachi omume na cyanide iji mepụta ferrocyanate. Mmeghachi omume a na-eri nnukwu ego sodium cyanide, nke bụ isi reagent maka leaching ọla edo. Ọzọkwa, site na nzu na ikuku, pyrite nwekwara ike gbanwee ghọọ sulfide soluble, colloidal sọlfọ, ma ọ bụ thiosulfate. Usoro mgbanwe a na-eji oxygen, nke dị mkpa maka mgbasa nke ọla edo na cyanide - leaching system. N'ozuzu, nke a nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na gold - leaching arụmọrụ.

Pyrrhotite

Pyrrhotite bụ ígwè ọzọ - sulfide ịnweta nke na-emetụta cyanide leaching. Ọ na-emeghachi ngwa ngwa na cyanide iji mepụta thiocyanate. Na mgbakwunye, sulfate ferrous nke sitere na oxidation na-emeghachi omume na cyanide iji mepụta ferrocyanate. Nnyocha egosiwo na pyrrhotite nwere ike ime ka mbelata dị ukwuu na ọla edo - ọnụego mgbasa, dịka ọmụmaatụ, belata ya site na 28.1% n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ọ na-ebutekwa mmụba dị ukwuu na oriri cyanide, na-ejikarị ya okpukpu anọ.

Ọla kọpa mineral

Chalcopyrite na chalcocite

Ọla kọpa dị ka chalcopyrite na chalcocite nwere mmetụta pụtara ìhè na leaching cyanide. Ngwọta Cyanide nwere ike igbari mineral ọla kọpa, mana ọnụego mgbasa dị iche. Chalcopyrite kwụsiri ike n'etiti mineral sulfide ọla kọpa, ebe chalcocite na-arụ ọrụ karịa. Na ngwọta cyanide, ọla kọpa dị na mineral ndị a, na-emekarị na steeti divalent, anaghị akwụsi ike. Ọla kọpa divalent na-eme ka cyanide na-agbanwe, na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ ọla kọpa monovalent ma na-akpụ ụlọ nwere cyanide na pulp. Maka chalcocite, ọ nwere ike bute nnukwu mbelata na ọla edo - ọnụego mgbasa, ruo 36.81% na nnwale ụfọdụ, yana mmụba okpukpu iri na oriri cyanide.

Malachite (ọla kọpa oxide mineral)

Malachite bụ ọla kọpa nkịtị - mineral oxide. Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na ngwọta sodium - cyanide, nke na-eduga na mmụba dị ukwuu na oriri cyanide. Mmeghachi omume n'etiti malachite na cyanide na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ion cyanide. N'ihi ya, ma ọla kọpa sulfide na ọla kọpa oxide mineral nwere ike inwe mmetụta ọjọọ dị ukwuu na cyanide - gold - usoro mmịpụta.

Arsenic mineral

Realgar na Orpiment

Realgar na orpiment na-emerụ ahụ nke ukwuu na leaching cyanide. Na ngwọta alkaline siri ike nke a na-eji maka imikpu cyanide, ha na-etolite ogige dị ka thioarsenite. Thioarsenite nwere ike imeghachi omume na ikuku oxygen na ngwọta iji mepụta arsenite, na-eri nnukwu oxygen na slurry ịnweta. Ọzọkwa, mgbe mineral arsenic oxidized na ngwọta, ihe nkiri mere nke ogige arsenic na-etolite n'elu nke ọla edo. Ihe nkiri a na-akwụsị kpọmkwem ọla edo ịbanye na cyanide, na-emetụta nbibi nke ọla edo. Nnyocha e mere egosiwo na realgar na orpiment nwere ike ibelata ọnụego mgbasawanye ọla edo site na 41.95% na 49.90% n'otu n'otu, ma mụbaa oriri cyanide ugboro 13.8 na ugboro 15.0.

Arsenopyrite

Arsenopyrite bụ arsenic nkịtị - nwere ịnweta. N'adịghị ka realgar na orpiment, arsenopyrite kwụsiri ike na sistemu cyanide. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere arsenic, n'okpuru ọnọdụ cyanide nkịtị - ọ naghị agbaji ngwa ngwa ma si otú a na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na leaching cyanide ma e jiri ya tụnyere arsenic ndị ọzọ na-ebu mineral.

Isi mineral

Galena na onye ndu Alum

Galena na ndu alum bụ isi ndu - nwere mineral na ogbunigwe ọla edo. Galena nwere ike oxidized na-edu alum. N'ihe ngwọta siri ike - alkaline, alum alum nwere ike ịmepụta alkaline lead - nnu acid, nke na-emeghachi omume na cyanide na ngwọta na-emepụta ike na-adịghị ike - alkaline cyanide. Obere obere mineral ndị na-edu ndú nwere ike inye aka n'ezie na-agbapụta cyanide nke ogbunigwe ọla edo. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke mineral ndị na-edu ndú ga-emetụta ọla edo - ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma site na iri cyanide na ikekwe na-emepụta ihe na-asọ oyi nke nwere ike igbochi usoro ịhịa ahụ.

Antimony - nwere mineral

Stibnite

Stibnite bụ isi antimony - nwere sulfide ịnweta. Na cyanide - leaching usoro, mmetụta ọjọọ ya yiri nke orpiment. Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na ngwọta alkaline siri ike iji mepụta thioantimonite, nke na-emeziwanye oxidized n'ime antimonite. Na mgbakwunye, ihe na-adịghị mma ebubo stibnite colloidal particles na alkaline - cyanide ngwọta nwere ike ịrapara n'elu nke ọla edo, n'ụzọ anụ ahụ na-egbochi ọla edo ịgbaze.

Ihe Carbon

Ebe a na-egwupụta ọla edo nwere ike ịnwe carbon ihe ndị dị na ya, gụnyere carbon na-adịghị mma na carbon organic dị ka humic acid. Mgbe ihe ndị a dị na carbon, ha nwere ike ịmịnye ọlaedo agbazere agbaze na ngwọta cyanide. Nke a na-ebelata ọnụego mmịpụta ọlaedo na ngwọta ahụ, ihe a maara dị ka "ohi ọlaedo." Ihe ndị ahụ na carbon na-asọ mpi na usoro mwepụta maka ọlaedo agbazere agbaze, na-eduga na mfu nke mgbake ọlaedo.

Atụmatụ iji belata mmetụta nke mineral Associated

Pretreatment nke Ores

• Usoro ọgwụgwọ oxidation: Maka ores nwere ígwè - sulfide, arsenic, ma ọ bụ mineral antimony, pretreatment oxidation nwere ike ịdị irè. Oxidation na-akụrisị mineral ndị a, na-ahapụ ọla edo ndị ahụ kpuchiri ekpuchi ma belata mmetụta ha na-emerụ ahụ na ntanye cyanide. Ọxịdashọn a na-ahụkarị - ụzọ ọgwụgwọ mbụ gụnyere ịsa nri, oxidation nrụgide, na bio-oxidation.

• Ọla kọpa - tupu leaching: N'ihe gbasara ore nwere nnukwu ọla kọpa, enwere ike ịme pre-leaching maka ọla kọpa. Site n'iwepụ ọla kọpa tupu cyanide leaching, enwere ike ibelata ọnụọgụ cyanide nke mineral ọla kọpa na-eri, si otú a na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ nke leaching cyanide ọla edo.

Nkwalite nke Cyanide - Ọnọdụ Leaching

• Na-emezi usoro ọgwụgwọ Reagent: Dabere na ụdị na ego nke mineral metụtara, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cyanide na ndị ọzọ reagents nwere ike gbanwee. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe enwere ọtụtụ mineral ọla kọpa, ịba ụba nke cyanide doseji ntakịrị ka ị na-achịkwa uru pH nwere ike inye aka hụ na ọla edo gbazere nke ọma.

• Na-achịkwa Ọnọdụ Pulp: Ịchịkwa ntinye uche nke pulp, okpomọkụ, na ọsọ ọsọ dị mkpa. Ntinye uche nke pulp ziri ezi na-eme ka o doo anya na cyanide na oxygen nwere ike gbasaa nke ọma na pulp. Idebe okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị (na-abụkarị 15 - 30 Celsius) na-edozi ọsọ nke ọla edo na-agbaze na nkwụsi ike nke ngwọta cyanide.

Iji ihe mgbakwunye

• Ihe mgbakwunye na-egbochi mmeghachi omume ịnweta: Enwere ike iji ihe mgbakwunye dị ka nnu nnu mee ka ụfọdụ mineral ndị na-emerụ ahụ kwụsị imeghachi omume. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbakwunye acetate lead nwere ike imeghachi ya na ions sulfide site na nbibi nke sọlfọ - nwere mineral, na-emepụta ndu na-adịghị edozi - sulfide precipitates. Nke a na-ebelata ọnụọgụ cyanide na oxygen nke sọlfọ - nwere mineral na-eri.

• Adsorbents asọmpi: N'ihe gbasara ores nwere ihe carbon, itinye ihe ndị na-asọmpi dịka Carbon arụ ọrụ N'oge a na-eme ka cyanide ghara ịdị irè, ọ nwere ike ibelata mmetụta "ohi ọlaedo". Kabọn a na-arụ ọrụ na-asọmpi na kabọn dị n'ime ọla ahụ maka ọlaedo agbazere agbaze, si otú a na-eme ka ọsọ mwepụ ọlaedo dịkwuo elu.

mmechi

Ngwakọta mineral ndị metụtara ọla edo na ọla ọcha nwere mmetụta dị iche iche na mmetụta dị ukwuu na usoro cyanide - leaching. Ígwè, ọla kọpa, arsenic, lead, antimony - nwere mineral, na ihe carbon nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ leaching site na iri reagents, igbochi ọla edo ịkpọtụrụ cyanide, ma ọ bụ itinye ọla edo gbazere. Otú ọ dị, site na ụzọ ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị, njikarịcha ọnọdụ leaching, na iji ihe mgbakwunye, mmetụta ndị a na-adịghị mma nwere ike ibelata. Nke a na-enyere ndị ọzọ ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma mmịpụta nke ọla edo na ọlaọcha si mgbagwoju - mineralized ore, na-eme ka aku na uba viability nke Ngwuputa arụmọrụ.