Kedu ka esi eji sodium cyanide na-egwupụta ọla edo?

sodium cyanide (NaCN), dị ka isi reagent maka Mwepụta ọla edo, na-aghọta mgbanwe site ore na gold site na Cyanidation usoro in Ngwuputa ọla edo. Usoro a gụnyere ọrụ kemịkalụ dị mgbagwoju anya na njikwa usoro siri ike. Ndị a bụ usoro ojiji a kapịrị ọnụ yana nkọwa teknụzụ isi:

Usoro Cyanidation ọla edo

I. ọgwụgwọ ore

1. Na-etipịa na-egweri

A na-agweri ma gwerie ihe ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ntụ ntụ dị nro (ọ na-abụkarị nke nha ihe dị ≤ 75μm) iji mee ka ebe kọntaktị ya dịkwuo elu site na iji mmiri Sodium Cyanide.

2.Flotation ma ọ bụ ike ndọda

Ore ndị dị ala kwesịrị itinye uche maka mineral ọla edo site na flotation ma ọ bụ ike ndọda iji belata ọnụọgụ ore maka ọgwụgwọ cyanidation na-esote.

II. Mmeghachi omume Leaching Cyanidation

1.Leaching Ọnọdụ

• Nkwadebe Ngwọta: Gbazee sodium cyanide n'ime mmiri iji mepụta mmiri a gwakọtara agwakọta nke nwere njupụta nke 0.01%-0.1% (njupụta kpọmkwem dabere na ọkwa nke ọla ahụ).

• Gburugburu Alkaline: Tinye calcium oxide (CaO) ma ọ bụ sodium hydroxide (NaOH) iji gbanwee pH ka ọ bụrụ 10-11 iji gbochie ire ere nke cyanide ka ọ bụrụ gas hydrogen cyanide (HCN) nke na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu.

• Nnyefe Oxygen: Nọgide na-enwe ike itinye oxygen agbazere n'ime mmiri ahụ (karịsịa karịa 5 mg/L) site na ikuku ma ọ bụ ịkpalite iji mee ka mmeghachi omume oxidation ahụ ka mma.

2.Chemical mmeghachi omume

Ọlaedo na-emeghachi omume na cyanide na mpaghara alkaline na ikuku ikuku iji mepụta ogige ndị nwere ike soluble:

4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4NaAu(CN)₂ (sodium aurocyanide) + 4NaOH

Mmeghachi omume a kwesịrị ịdịru ọtụtụ awa ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị iji hụ na agbazela ọla edo ahụ.

III. Mmiri ozuzo na mgbake nke ọla edo

1.Zinc Replacement Method

Tinye zinc ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ waya zinc na ngwọta leaching, na ọla edo na-ebuli site na mmeghachi omume nnọchi:

2Au(CN)₂⁻ + Zn → 2Au↓ + Zn(CN)₄²⁻

A na-asa ntụ ntụ ọla edo a na-emepụta ma gbazee iji nweta ọla edo na-adịghị mma.

Ụzọ mgbasa ozi Carbon arụ ọrụ

Na ngwọta ọzọ, carbon na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike họrọ adsorb Au(CN)₂⁻ n'ime ngwọta, wee nweta ọla edo ahụ site na nkwụsị nke okpomọkụ.

IV. Ọgwụgwọ Tailings na njikwa nchekwa

1.Nnọpụiche nke Cyanide

Pulp ọdụdụ ahụ mgbe ọ gbasasịrị kwesịrị oxidize nke cyanide fọdụrụnụ site na ịgbakwunye sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) ma ọ bụ hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂):

CN⁻ + ClO⁻ + H₂O → CNO⁻ + Cl⁻ + 2OH⁻

N'ikpeazụ, belata ntinye nke cyanide na ụkpụrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi (na-emekarị <0.5 mg / L).

2.Closed-loop Circulation System

Nabata usoro mechiri emechi iji belata mwepu nke ngwọta cyanide, na ọnụ ọgụgụ mweghachi nke ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike iru karịa 90%.

V. Ihe isi ike teknụzụ na ntụzịaka kacha mma

1.Interference nke adịghị ọcha

ion metal dị ka ọla kọpa na ígwè ga-eri cyanide. Usoro ọgwụgwọ (dị ka ịsa nri maka desulfurization) ma ọ bụ mgbakwunye nke inhibitors (dị ka sodium sulfide) ka achọrọ iji belata mmetụta ahụ.

2.Ngwọta nke obere ọkwa ore

Maka ọla edo agbasa nke ọma na nke kpuchiri ekpuchi, a na-anakwere pre-oxidation bayoloji (dị ka nje leaching bacteria) ma ọ bụ teknụzụ oxidation nrụgide iji mebie nhazi nke ịnweta ma melite ọnụego ntanye ọla edo.

3.Upgrading nke Environmental Protection Teknụzụ

Zụlite ndị na-ahụ maka leaching dị obere cyanide ma ọ bụ cyanide na-enweghị (dị ka thiosulfates), wee nyochaa usoro mgbake ọhụrụ dị ka ntinye nke electrochemical.

mmechi

Iji Sodium cyanide eme ihe n'igwupụta ọlaedo dabere na njikwa usoro ziri ezi na njikwa nchekwa siri ike. Ọ bụ ezie na nsí ya ebutela arụmụka, arụmọrụ dị elu ya na uru akụ na ụba ka na-eme ka ọ bụrụ teknụzụ bụ isi. N'ọdịnihu, site na mmezi nke ihe achọrọ maka nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, usoro cyanidation ga-etolite na njikọta na teknụzụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na-akwalite mgbanwe nke igwupụta ọlaedo gaa na ntụziaka dị nchebe na nke na-adịgide adịgide.