Kodi sodium cyanide imathandizira bwanji pamigodi ya golide?

Mu njira yovuta komanso yofunikira kwambiri yopezera golide , Sodium Cyanide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso nthawi zambiri yosamvetsetseka. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kufotokoza mokwanira momwe mankhwala awa amathandizira kuchotsa golide kuchokera ku miyala yake.

Mfundo ya Sodium Cyanide mu Kuchotsa Golide

Golide, monga momwe alili mwachibadwa, nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'matanthwe otsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupatukana ndi miyala ndi mchere wozungulira. Sodium cyanide (NaCN) imagwira ntchito ndi golide mu njira yotchedwa Cyanidation . Ma ioni a cyanide mu sodium cyanide amapanga complex yokhazikika yokhala ndi ma ioni a golide. Machitidwe a mankhwala amatha kufotokozedwa motere:

4Au + 8NaCN+O_{2}+2H_{2}O\rightarrow4Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+4NaOH

Izi zimasungunula golide ku miyala yamtengo wapatali, kumulekanitsa ndi gangue (minerals ndi miyala yosafunikira). Golide wotsatira - cyanide complex, [Au(CN)_{2}]^{-}, amasungunuka m'madzi, chomwe chiri chinsinsi cha kupatukana kwake ndi zigawo zina za ore.

Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Sodium Cyanide mu Migodi ya Golide

1. Kukonzekera kwa Miyala: Choyamba, miyala yamtengo wapatali ya golide yomwe yachotsedwa imaphwanyidwa ndi kuphwanyidwa kukhala ufa wosalala. Izi zimawonjezera malo a pamwamba pa miyala yamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimathandiza kuti tinthu ta golide tigwirizane bwino ndi yankho la Sodium cyanide.

2. Kutulutsa: Mchere wothira ufawo umayikidwa m'matangi akuluakulu kapena m'milu yambiri, ndipo yankho lochepetsedwa la sodium cyanide limapopedwa kapena kulowetsedwa mkati mwake. Njira ya cyanide imasungunula golideyo pang'onopang'ono kwa nthawi yomwe ingakhale kuyambira maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo, kutengera mtundu wa mcherewo.

3. Kubwezeretsa Golide - Cyanide Complex: Pambuyo pa njira yochotsera , yankho lomwe lili ndi golide - cyanide complex limalekanitsidwa ndi zotsalira zolimba (gangue). Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kudzera m'njira monga kusefa kapena kuyika sedimentation.

4. Kugwa kwa Golide: Kuti mupeze golide weniweni kuchokera ku yankho la golide-cyanide complex, chochepetsera, monga fumbi la zinc, chimawonjezedwa. Zinc imachotsa golide mu complex, zomwe zimapangitsa golide kutuluka ngati chinthu cholimba. Machitidwe a mankhwala ndi awa:

2Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+Zn\rightarrow2Au + Na_{2}[Zn(CN)_{4}]

Golide wonyezimira ndiye amayengedwanso kudzera munjira monga kusungunula kuti apeze golide woyengedwa kwambiri.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Sodium Cyanide mu Migodi ya Golide

1. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri: Kuchotsa golide m'matanthwe ndi njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri yopezera golide kuchokera ku miyala yotsika mtengo. Imatha kupeza golide wambiri womwe ulipo mu miyalayo, nthawi zambiri imafika pamlingo wobwezeretsa wa 80 - 95% mu ntchito zabwino kwambiri.

2. Kusankha: Sodium cyanide imasonyeza kusankha kwakukulu kwa golide. Imachita bwino kwambiri ndi golide kuposa mchere wina wodziwika bwino womwe umapezeka mu golide, zomwe zimathandiza kulekanitsa golide ndi zinthu zovuta mosavuta.

3. Mtengo - Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino: Poyerekeza ndi njira zina zochotsera golide, monga kuphatikiza mercury (komwe kuli ndi zoopsa zazikulu pazachilengedwe ndi thanzi) kapena njira zovuta komanso zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, cyanidation pogwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ndi yotsika mtengo, makamaka pa ntchito zazikulu zamigodi.

Kuganizira Zachilengedwe ndi Chitetezo

Ngakhale kuti ndizothandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide mumigodi ya golidi sikuli kopanda kutsutsana. Sodium cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri. Kutayikira kulikonse kapena kusagwira bwino kwa sodium cyanide solution kumatha kuwopseza kwambiri chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu. Ikatayika, cyanide imatha kuwononga nthaka, magwero a madzi, ndikuwononga zamoyo zam'madzi. Kuti achepetse zoopsazi, makampani opanga migodi amagwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezeka. Izi zikuphatikizapo mizere iwiri ya malo osungiramo ndi madzi otsekemera, kuyang'anitsitsa mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa cyanide m'mitsinje ya zinyalala, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zothandizira kuchotseratu poizoni wa cyanide - wokhala ndi zinyalala musanatayidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesayesa kukuchitika kuti pakhale njira zina zochotsera golidi zowongoka bwino, koma pakadali pano, cyanidation yokhala ndi sodium cyanide ikadali njira yayikulu kwambiri pantchito yamigodi ya golide chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso mtengo wake.

Pomaliza, sodium cyanide ndi chida chofunikira pamigodi yamakono ya golide. Kutha kwake kusungunula golide kuchokera ku ore, kuphatikiza ndi mtengo wake wotsika komanso wokwera kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa chitsulo chamtengo wapatali ichi. Komabe, makampaniwa akuyenera kupitiliza kulinganiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndi njira zokhazikika zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo kuti zitsimikizire kuti migodi ya golide ikhazikika.