Ukubaluleka koLawulo lweMpahla yeMichiza kwiMveliso: IiNdlela eziGqwesileyo kwiiFactory

IiNkampani zeMichiza: Iintlobo kunye nokuGxininisa kubasebenzisi beMichiza

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkampani ezinxulumene neekhemikhali, ikakhulu iinkampani zemveliso, iinkampani zothutho, iinkampani ezisebenzisa, kunye neenkampani zokulahla inkunkuma. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwendawo, eli nqaku liza kugxila kwiinkampani ezisebenzisa iikhemikhali, ingakumbi izityalo zokwenza imveliso.

Imichiza kwiZityalo zokuVelisa

Kuyaziwa ukuba iikhemikhali zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezinto. Kwiingxoxo zethu zangaphambili, sithethe ngemiba ethile enxulumene nolawulo lweekhemikhali . Namhlanje, masithethe ngesinye isihloko esibalulekileyo kulawulo lweekhemikhali: Uluhlu lweempahla zeekhemikhali.

Ukuqonda imichiza esetyenziswayo kwaye egcinwe kumzi-mveliso

Ukuze useke inkqubo yolawulo lweekhemikhali esebenzayo, inyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo kukuqonda iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswayo nezigcinwe kwifektri. Kodwa ungayiqonda njani ngokukhawuleza nangokucwangcisiweyo le khemikhali? Kufana nokuqonda abasebenzi befektri okanye ukwazi inani labantu bedolophu—udinga “uluhlu” okanye “ubhaliso.” Ngokufanayo, kulawulo lweekhemikhali, awunakuphila ngaphandle koLuhlu lweeNkcukacha zeKhemikhali.

01 - Ukubaluleka koLuhlu lweMpahla yeMichiza

Ukubaluleka koluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zeekhemikhali kunzulu kwaye kubanzi. Ngamafutshane, kunceda umzi-mveliso ukuba uchonge zonke iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswayo kunye neempawu zazo, kuqinisekisa ukuba umzi-mveliso uyayithobela imithetho kunye neemfuno zabathengi. Kwakhona kuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo olawulo afanelekileyo ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo, kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala lolawulo.

Uluhlu lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiikhemikhali lunceda umzi-mveliso ukuba ulandelele izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiikhemikhali , lunceda kwizigqibo zokuthengwa kwezinto, luphucule ukucaca kwazo nokulandeleka kwazo, kwaye lukhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiikhemikhali , iinkampani zinokuphucula ulwakhiwo lwazo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, zinciphise izinto ezingafunekiyo okanye eziphelelwe lixesha, kwaye zinciphise iindleko zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiimveliso.

Nangona uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali lubalulekile, enyanisweni, iifektri ezininzi aziziqondi ngokupheleleyo okanye azizisebenzisi ngokupheleleyo. Amanye amaqela olawulo athatha indlela encinci, ecinga ukuba "logama nje kukho uluhlu, lulungile ngokwaneleyo." Ngexesha lokuphicothwa kwefektri, sihlala sidibana noluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali olungaphelelanga, ngamanye amaxesha dwelisa amagama ekhemikhali kuphela (amaxesha amaninzi amagama adalwe ngumzi-mveliso ngokwawo), adibana nenkcazo "yoluhlu."

02 - Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye noLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha-manani ezigunyazisiweyo kunye namava ophicotho-zincwadi, kucacile ukuba "Ii-Chemical Inventory Lists" yenye yeengxaki ezilishumi eziphezulu kulawulo lweekhemikhali. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:

A) Ukunqongophala koLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Iifektri ezininzi ezingenaluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali aziyazi nje imfuneko okanye abaqondi ukubaluleka kwayo. Oku kubonisa umba obanzi ngolawulo lwemichiza ngaphakathi kumzi-mveliso. Kwezinye iimeko, iifektri ziyayazi imfuneko kodwa ziyasokola ekudaleni uluhlu ngenxa yokungaqondi inkqubo okanye iimfuno, okukhokelela ekulibazisekeni okanye ekusileleni ekusekeni uluhlu.

B) Uluhlu lweZintlu zeMichiza ezingaphelelanga

Ukungaphelelanga kunokubonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengokungabandakanyi zonke iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka kwiikhemikhali ezingasetyenziswanga kangako, ezifana nezithambiso zokugcina izixhobo zokusebenza, ii-arhente zokucoca, iikhemikhali zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, okanye iikhemikhali ezisanda kuthengwa. Ukongezelela, ulwazi olubalulekileyo lunokungabikho, njenge-SDS (iPhepha leDatha yoKhuseleko) ulwazi, iinombolo ze-CAS, iindidi ezinobungozi, okanye ukuthotyelwa kwe-MRSL/RSL. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ngxaki zenzeka kunye.

C) Ulwazi olungachanekanga kuLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Omnye umba oqhelekileyo lulwazi olungachanekanga kuluhlu, ngokufuthi ngenxa yeempazamo zegalelo okanye ukusilela ukuhlaziya uluhlu ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, i-MSDS inokuba ihlaziyiwe, kodwa uluhlu aluzange luhlaziywe ukubonisa olu tshintsho. Ngokufanayo, utshintsho kubuninzi beekhemikhali kwindawo yokugcina, okanye iikhemikhali eziphelelwe lixesha, azibonakali kuluhlu, olukhokelela ekungangqinelani.

03 - Izisombululo zoLawulo loLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Ukulawula iikhemikhali ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo, uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali olugcinwe kakuhle luyimfuneko. Ungalwenza njani uluhlu olubanzi lwempahla yeekhemikhali? Nazi iingongoma ezibalulekileyo ezimbalwa:

Ekuqaleni:

Iifektri kufuneka ziseke inkqubo yolawulo lweekhemikhali ezomeleleyo, echaza indlela yokuyila nokuhlaziya uluhlu lwe-inventri yeekhemikhali, kwaye icacise ikhontenti nefomathi yoluhlu.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kufuneka luquke ntoni? Emibini yemigangatho eqhelekileyo yolawulo lwempahla yeekhemikhali yiZDHC kunye neHigg FEM.

Iimfuno ze-ZDHC
Inkqubo yolawulo lweekhemikhali ye-ZDHC ichaza ukuba uLuhlu lwe-Chemical Inventory (CIL) kufuneka lubandakanye oku kulandelayo:

• Igama leKhemikhali

• Indawo yeSDS

• Inombolo yeCAS

• Ulwazi ngeengozi

• Ukuthotyelwa kwe-ZDHC MRSL

• Ubungakanani bempahla, ubungakanani bokuhanjiswa, okanye ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa

• Indawo yokugcina

Iimfuno ze-FEM ze-Higg
Umgangatho we-Higg FEM ufuna iseti yolwazi olubanzi ngakumbi kuluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga apho:

• Igama leKhemikhali kunye nohlobo

• Igama lomthengisi/umthengisi kunye nohlobo

• Umenzi/igama lomenzi

• I-SDS ngokuhambelana ne-Global Harmonized System (GHS)

• itheko

• Ukuhlelwa kweengozi

• Indawo / indawo yokusetyenziswa

• Iimeko zokugcina kunye nendawo

• Ubungakanani bekhemikhali esetyenzisiweyo

• Inombolo yeCAS

• Inombolo yebhetshi (ukuba ikhona)

• Ukuthotyelwa kwe-MRSL

• Umhla wokuthenga

• Umhla wokuphelelwa (ukuba uyasebenza)

Uninzi lwale ngcaciso inokufumaneka kwi-SDS, njengegama lekhemikhali, uhlobo, ukuhlelwa kweengozi, iimeko zokugcina, kunye nenombolo ye-CAS. Ingcaciso enjengobungakanani bokusetyenziswa, iinombolo zebhetshi, imihla yokuthenga, nemihla yokuphelelwa kwayo inokufumaneka kwiirekhodi zokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo, iilebhile zeekhemikhali, njl. njl.

Isibini:

Iifektri kufuneka zonyule umntu ofanelekileyo ukuba agcine kwaye alawule uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali, eqinisekisa uhlaziyo olungexesha emva kokuthengwa, ukugcinwa, okanye ukusetyenziswa.

Umntu otyunjiweyo kufuneka abe nolwazi olusisiseko lwemichiza kunye nezakhono zokulawula, nokuba kungokwexesha elizeleyo okanye okwethutyana. Obu buchule bunokuzuzwa ngemfundo okanye ngoqeqesho oluqhubekayo.

Kufuneka luhlaziywe kangaphi uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali? I-ZDHC icebisa ukuba iindidi ezahlukeneyo zolwazi kufuneka zilandelelwe kwiifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlolo lwe-inventri kufuneka luqhutywe rhoqo ngonyaka, ngelixa ulwazi lokuziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kufuneka luhlaziywe ngenyanga. Kwiifektri ezinemithamo ephezulu yokusetyenziswa okanye iindidi, uhlaziyo oluthe kratya (umzekelo, ngeveki okanye yonke imihla) lunokuphunyezwa.

Kwi-FEM ye-Higg, uluhlu lwe-inventri lufunekayo ukuba lube "lwangoku kwaye luchanekile," oku kuthetha ukuhlaziywa kwexesha langempela.

Okokugqibela:

Uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali lufanele luquke zonke iikhemikhali ezigcinwe okanye ezisetyenziswa ngexesha leenkqubo zokwenziwa komzi-mveliso, kubandakanywa nezo zisebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo.

Oku kubandakanya zonke iikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo yokuvelisa, iikhemikhali zokugcinwa kwezixhobo / izixhobo, kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ii-agent zokucoca, i-adhesives, iipende, iidayi, ii-pigments, izongezo, njl.

Ngaba ngoku unokuqonda okucacileyo "koluhlu lweekhemikhali" kwaye uvakalelwa kukuba lulula kakhulu?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, unokushiya umyalezo ezantsi kweli nqaku okanye uqhagamshelane nathi.