Ukukhipha Igolide: Izinyathelo ukusuka ku-Ore ukuya e-Ingot ku-Carbon Leaching

Ikhabhoni ecushiwe yengezwa ethangini elivuzayo, okuvumela ukwenzeka kanyekanye kokucwiliswa kwe-leaching kanye ne-adsorption, okuyi-leaching ngenkathi i-adsorbing, ebizwa ngokuthi indlela ye-carbon-in-leach (CIL). Ithuthukiswe ngokusekelwe endleleni ye-carbon-in-pulp, inikeza izinzuzo zokunciphisa inani lamathangi agelezayo kanye nokunciphisa ukugeleza kwenqubo. Ngenxa yalokho, ingakwazi ukunciphisa utshalomali lwemali yokwakha kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza. I-Leaching kanye ne-adsorbing kanyekanye ithuthukisa izimo ze-kinetics zegolide, i-faCILukucwilisa ukucwiliswa nokucwiliswa kwegolide. Indlela ye-carbon-in-leach ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa imisebenzi efana ne Ukulungiswa Kwezinto Ezisetshenziswayo Ezivuzayo, I-Leaching evuselelwe kanye ne-countercurrent carbon adsorption, desorption of gold-loaded carbon, I-Electrowinning kanye ne-Electrolysis, ukuncibilikisa nokwenza ingot, kanye nokuvuselelwa kwekhabhoni.

01 Ukulungiswa Kwezinto Ezisetshenziswayo Ezivuzayo

Lapho kwamukelwa inqubo yokukhipha igolide ye-carbon-in-leach, ukulungiswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhipha i-leaching kubandakanya ukuchotshozwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlukaniswa kokugaya. Imvamisa, kunqubo yokukhipha igolide le-carbon-in-leach, ukucoleka kokuchichima okuvela ekugayweni kokugaya kuvame kakhulu kangangokuthi u-85 - 95% udlula -200 mesh.

02 Umsebenzi Wokususa Imfucumfucu

Izingcezu zokhuni nama-sundries ku-pulp kungenzeka zidale ukuvaleka kwamapayipi nezikrini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bavame ukukhangisa igolide ku-pulp futhi balixube kukhabhoni ecebile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele zisuswe ngaphambi kokuvuthwa. Uma kunesidingo, ukuqina kwe-pulp kanye nokwengezwa kwama-scale inhibitors kuyadingeka. I-scale inhibitor ingaphinda yehlise ukukala endaweni yekhabhoni ecushiwe kanye nesikrini. Ngokuvamile, imisebenzi emibili yokukhipha imfucumfucu isethwe ohlelweni lokugaya, ngokulandelanayo ekuchichimeni kwesigaba sokuqala - nesesibili - isigaba sokugaya. Izinto zokususa imfucumfucu zisebenzisa izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa ophakathi nendawo. Emsebenzini wokuqala wokukhipha imfucumfucu, izikrini ezivunguzayo nezikrini eziyi-cylindrical nazo zingasetshenziswa. Usayizi wembobo yesikrini wesikrini sokususa udoti kufanele ube mncane ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi uqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuchichima endaweni yesikrini.

03 Umsebenzi Wokujiya Ngaphambi Kokuvuza

Lapho ukugcwala okuchichimayo kokuhlukaniswa kokugaya kuvame kakhulu ku-18 - 22%, akufanelekile ukukhishwa okuqondile, futhi ukuqina kwe-pulp kufanele kwenziwe. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-thickener ephezulu ene-footprint encane kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuqina okuphezulu.

04 I-Stirred Leaching kanye ne-Countercurrent Carbon Adsorption

Indlela ye-carbon-in-leach ibonakala ngenqubekela phambili efanayo yokucwiliswa kwegolide nokusebenza kwe-adsorption. Inani lezigaba zokucwilisa ngokuvamile liyi-6 - 10 (imininingwane nenani lamathangi agelezayo anqunywa ngokuya ngomthamo wokucubungula we-concentrator). Kusukela I-Sodium Cyanide isanda kwengezwa ku-Tank No.1. inani legolide elivutshiwe lincane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo eziningi ze-carbon-in-leach zisebenzisa i-Tank No.1 njenge-pre-leaching tank, kanye namathangi alandelayo njengama-leaching kanye nama-adsorption. Ithangi ngalinye le-leaching ne-adsorption lifakwe isikrini esihlukanisa i-carbon ukuze sihlukanise ikhabhoni ne-pulp. I-pulp igeleza iye phambili, futhi ikhabhoni ecushiwe igeleza ihlehle, okungukuthi, i-pulp nekhabhoni ecushiwe ku-adsorption ephikisanayo. Ikhabhoni entsha ecushiwe yengezwa ethangini lokugcina le-leaching ne-adsorption, futhi ikhabhoni egcwele igolide iyakhishwa ethangini lokuqala le-leaching ne-adsorption. Ikhabhoni ecushiwe iba yigolide - ikhabhoni elayishiwe ngokufaka igolide ku-pulp. Ngemuva kokuthi i-adsorption isiqediwe, i-pulp equkethe igolide - ikhabhoni elayishiwe ifakwa esikrinini esikhipha ikhabhoni ngokuphakanyiswa komoya. Isikrini esikhipha ikhabhoni sihlukanisa ikhabhoni ecushiwe kanye ne-pulp. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa nokuhlanza, ithunyelwa ekusebenzeni kwe-desorption kanye ne-electrowinning. Ngemuva kokukhangisa ngale ndlela, ibanga legolide lesixazululo se-pulp ngokuvamile lingu-0.01 - 0.03g/m³. Ngokuvamile, ikhabhoni ecushiwe evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngukhukhunathi - ikhabhoni ecushiwe, enezimbotshana ezincane, ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa, kanye nokuvuselelwa. Isebenza kahle kakhulu i-adsorption kanye ne-abrasion - amandla okumelana, ingakhuphula izinga le-adsorption ngo-30%, ithuthukise kakhulu izinga lokutholwa kwegolide ezinsimbi ezihambisanayo, futhi ithuthukise kakhulu izinzuzo zezomnotho nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.

05 Ukuchithwa Kwegolide - Ikhabhoni elayishiwe, i-Electrowinning kanye ne-Electrolysis

Ikhabhoni egcwele igolide kanye ne-pulp kuphakanyiselwa kusikrini esihlukanisa i-carbon (ngokuvamile isikrini esindindizelayo esilandelanayo) ngephampu ekhipha ikhabhoni noma ngokuphakamisa umoya. Zihlanjululwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile esikrinini ukuze zihlukanise i-carbon ne-pulp. Ikhabhoni egcwele igolide ingena ethangini lokugcina ikhabhoni, bese kuthi i-pulp namanzi ahlanzayo kungena ethangini lokuqala le-adsorption. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokususa igolide - ikhabhoni elayishiwe. Njengamanje, indlela yokushisa ephezulu kanye ne-high-pressure desorption isetshenziswa kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, i-anion ekhangiswa kalula ikhabhoni eyenziwe yasebenza yengezwa kusistimu ye-desorption ukuze isuse i-Au(CN)₂⁻ futhi izuze ukuncibilika kwegolide. Uketshezi oluyigugu olutholakala ngokukhipha igolide - ikhabhoni elayishiwe lutholwa nge-ionization ukuze kutholwe igolide eliqinile.