Na-akwalite Cyanidation maka Mwepụta Ọlaedo site na Refractory Ores

N'ụlọ ọrụ n'ịgwupụta ọlaedo, mwepụta ọlaedo site na ihe ndị na-adịghị mma na-eweta nnukwu nsogbu. Ihe ndị na-adịghị mma na-apụta ìhè, nke a na-ejighi ezigbo mgbake ọlaedo n'okpuru ọnọdụ cyanide ọdịnala , aghọọla akụkụ dị mkpa nke ntọala ihe onwunwe ọlaedo ka oke nke ihe ndị a na-edozi ngwa ngwa na-ebelata. Ọlaedo dị na ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị na-agbasa nke ọma n'ime mineral sulfide, nke kachasị pyrite na arsenopyrite, na-eme ka ọ sie ike ịnweta ngwọta cyanide.

Ịghọta ihe ịma aka nke Refractory Ores

Nguzogide nke ihe ndị a na-eguzogide Cyanidation bụ isi n'ihi obere mmịpụta ọlaedo n'ime nnukwu nhazi nke mineral sulfide. Mkpuchi anụ ahụ a na-egbochi cyanide imeghachi omume nke ọma na ọlaedo ahụ, na-ebute obere ọnụego mgbake. N'ihi ya, a chọrọ usoro nhazi pụrụ iche iji mee ka mwepụta ọlaedo dịkwuo mma site na ihe ndị a na-anaghị emegharị ahụ.

Teknụzụ pretreatment maka refractory ore

Nri Oxidative

Ịcha ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ bụ otu n'ime ụzọ ọdịnala e si ahazi ihe ndị nwere sulfide ọlaedo. N'oge a, a na-eme ka sulfide ndị nwere ọlaedo dị ka oxidizes ghọọ nnukwu oxides, nke na-eme ka mmiri cyanide dịkwuo mma. Agbanyeghị, usoro a nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndọghachi azụ. Ọ na-eduga na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi site na mwepụ gas nke arsenic na sọlfọ. Mkpa ọ dị iwepụ arsenic trioxide dị oke njọ bụkwa ihe dị mkpa. Na mgbakwunye, ịmepụta ihe ndị na-agbaze obere na iwepụ ọlaedo n'ime arsenic sublimates n'oge a na-asacha ihe nwere ike ibelata arụmọrụ mwepụ Gold zuru oke . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ọrụ ụfọdụ dabere na ịcha ihe, ọnụego mwepụ ọlaedo site na ores ndị na-adịghị mma nwere ike ịbawanye naanị site na ihe dị ka 46.6% (cyanidation kpọmkwem nke flotation concentrate mbụ) ruo ihe dị ka 85% mgbe a chara ihe.

Oxidation nje bacteria (Biox)

Ọxịdashọn nke nje bụ ihe ọzọ na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ime usoro a, a na-eji ụfọdụ nje bacteria oxidize mineral sulfide, na-agbaji matriks nke na-ekpuchi ọla edo. Nke a na-eme ka ọla edo dịkwuo mfe ịnweta cyanide. Uru nke teknụzụ a gụnyere enweghị ikuku ikuku na-egbu egbu. A na-ewepụ Arsenic na usoro ahụ n'ụdị arsenate na-egbu egbu nke dị ala. Nnyocha nnwale egosila na iji teknụzụ Biox nwere ike ịbawanye mmịpụta ọla edo gaa na 91.74% site na ntinye uche na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke bụ mmụba dị ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere cyanidation ozugbo.

Autoclave Oxidation (Pox)

Autoclave oxidation gụnyere itinye uche nke ore na elu - okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ nrụgide dị elu na ọnụnọ oxygen. Usoro a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma oxidizes mineral sulfide. Nke mbụ autoclave oxidative leaching nke flotation uche nwere ike inye mgbake ọla edo siri ike na cyanidation na-esote, na-adịkarị na ọkwa 94.9 - 96.5%. Usoro a na-enye ọnụego mmịpụta dị elu ma bụrụ ihe dị mkpa n'ịgbalite usoro teknụzụ, melite nchekwa ụlọ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ nhazi ọla edo, na ịkwalite ọnọdụ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

Ihe mgbakwunye na ọrụ ha na Cyanidation

Cyanide - Mbelata ihe mgbakwunye

Cyanide bụ reagent a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmịpụta ọla edo, mana oke oriri ya ọ bụghị naanị na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa mana ọ na-etinyekwa nnukwu ihe egwu na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike mmadụ. Extractech, ihe mgbakwunye biopolymer dị elu nke sitere na algae, emepụtara iji dozie okwu a. Mgbe etinyere ya na usoro cyanidation, ọ nwere ike rụọ ọrụ dị ka nnukwu oxidant. Ọ na-agbaji agbụ nke elu - oxidation - mbelata - ikike (ORP) mineral na refractory ore. Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na-eme na ụmụ irighiri ọla edo, na-ahapụ ọla edo ahụ ka ọ kpughee meghachi omume na cyanide. Dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na usoro cyanidation dị ugbu a, Extractech nwere ike ibelata ojiji cyanide ruo 20-30% ebe ọ na-abawanye mkpụrụ ọla edo site na 3-5%.

Ihe ndi ozo

Enwere ike iji ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ kwalite usoro cyanidation. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ ihe mgbakwunye nwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya "oxygen na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma" na pulp, nke bara uru maka mmeghachi omume cyanidation. Ha nwekwara ike inwe ọrụ dị ka mgbasa, na-enyere aka ịgbasa pulp ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu ma mee ka kọntaktị dị irè n'etiti cyanide na ọla edo. Na mgbakwunye, ha nwere ike ịnwe adịghị ọcha - ọrụ iwepụ, na-ewepụ ma ọ bụ na-ebelata mmetụta adịghị ọcha dị na pulp na ntanye ọla edo. Ihe mgbakwunye chelating nwere ike ịbawanye mgbasa nke ọla edo wee wepụ ihe adịghị ọcha na-emetụta ịcha ọla edo.

Nkwalite usoro na Cyanidation

Njikwa pH

Cyanide na pulp na-enweta mmeghachi omume hydrolysis, na-emepụta HCN, akụkụ nke na-agbanwe site na ngwọta, na-ebute mfu cyanide na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi. N'oge cyanide leaching, ihe ngwọta ahụ aghaghị ịnọgide na-enwe ụfọdụ alkalinity iji gbochie ire ere nke cyanide. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na alkalinity nke ngwọta cyanide dị oke elu, ọ ga-ebelata ọnụego mgbasa nke ọla edo. Ya mere, njikwa pH ziri ezi dị mkpa maka cyanidation nke ọma.

Oge nkuzi

Ka oge nlegharị anya na-abawanye, ọnụego leaching ọla edo na-arị elu na mbụ. Agbanyeghị, mgbe oge ụfọdụ gachara, ịgbatịkwu oge nlegharị anya anaghị abawanye ọnụego leaching ọla edo nke ukwuu. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na oge nkwụsịtụ kwesịrị ekwesị iji nweta mmịpụta ọla edo dị irè na-enweghị iji ihe onwunwe na oge na-enweghị isi.

Oxygen ọkọnọ

Ojiji nke oxidants dị ka oxygen dị ọcha ma ọ bụ oxides ndị ọzọ na usoro ntanye nwere ike imeziwanye gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na usoro ikuku oxygen - resin leaching, mgbakwunye oxygen nwere ike ime ka ọnụọgụ nke ọla edo na ọlaọcha dịkwuo elu, mee ka ọsọ ọsọ na-agba ọsọ, na-ebelata oge nkwụsị, ma belata oriri nke cyanide na nitrate.

mmechi

Ịkwalite usoro cyanidation maka mmịpụta ọla edo site na ores refractory chọrọ nchikota nke teknụzụ pretreatment kwesịrị ekwesị, iji ihe mgbakwunye dị irè, na njikarịcha usoro. Ụzọ ọgwụgwọ dị ka nje oxidation na autoclave oxidation na-enye ndị ọzọ omume enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi na nke ọma ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịhịa aka n'oge ọdịnala. Ihe mgbakwunye nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ibelata oriri cyanide na ịbawanye mgbake ọla edo. Site n'iji nlezianya na-achịkwa usoro usoro dịka pH, oge nkwụsịtụ, na ikuku oxygen, ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ọla edo nwere ike imeziwanye mmepụta nke mpụta nke refractory ore, na-eme ka usoro mmịpụta ahụ bụrụ nke na-adigide na nke akụ na ụba.