Na-akwalite Cyanidation maka Mwepụta Ọlaedo site na Refractory Ores

N'ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ọla edo, mwepu ọla edo sitere na ọla ndị na-emegharị ahụ na-eweta nnukwu ihe ịma aka. Refractory ore, nke e ji ezughị ezu mgbake ọla edo n'okpuru omenala cyanide ọnọdụ leaching, aghọwo akụkụ dị mkpa na-arịwanye elu nke ntọala akụ ọla edo ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmanụ ndị a na-edozi ngwa ngwa na-ebelata. Ọlaedo dị na ọla ndị dị otú ahụ na-adịkarị n'ọnọdụ dị mma nkesa n'ime mineral sulfide, nke kachasị pyrite na arsenopyrite, na-eme ka o sie ike ịnweta ngwọta cyanide.

Ịghọta ihe ịma aka nke Refractory Ores

Nguzogide nke ore ndị a na-eduzi Cyanidation bụ tumadi n'ihi mma impregnation nke gold n'ime ok Ọdịdị nke sulfide mineral. Ihe mkpuchi anụ ahụ a na-egbochi cyanide imeghachi omume nke ọma na ọla edo, na-ebute ọnụego mgbake dị ala. N'ihi ya, a chọrọ ụzọ nhazi pụrụ iche iji mee ka mmịpụta ọla edo dị na ọla ndị a na-emegharị emegharị.

Teknụzụ pretreatment maka refractory ore

Nri Oxidative

Nri Oxidative bụ otu n'ime usoro ọdịnala maka ịhazi ọla edo sulfide - nwere ihe ndọda. N'oge usoro a, ọla edo na-ebu sulfides na-agbanye n'ime oke oxides, nke na-enye ohere ịbanye n'ime ngwọta cyanide nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, usoro a nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndọghachi azụ. O doro anya na ọ na-eduga na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi site na ikuku gas nke arsenic na sọlfọ. Mkpa ikpofu arsenic trioxide nke na-egbu egbu bụkwa isi ihe na-echegbu. Na mgbakwunye, imepụta ogige ndị na-agbaze dị ala na iwepụ ọla edo n'ime sublimates arsenic n'oge usoro ịsa nri nwere ike ibelata mkpokọta. Mwepụta ọla edo arụmọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ụfọdụ ọrụ ịhịa aka n'okirikiri ọdịnala, ọnụego mmịpụta ọla edo sitere na refractory ores nwere ike ịbawanye site na gburugburu 46.6% (cyanidation nke mbido flotation ozugbo) ruo ihe dị ka 85% mgbe akpọchara ya.

Oxidation nje bacteria (Biox)

Ọxịdashọn nke nje bụ ihe ọzọ na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ime usoro a, a na-eji ụfọdụ nje bacteria oxidize mineral sulfide, na-agbaji matriks nke na-ekpuchi ọla edo. Nke a na-eme ka ọla edo dịkwuo mfe ịnweta cyanide. Uru nke teknụzụ a gụnyere enweghị ikuku ikuku na-egbu egbu. A na-ewepụ Arsenic na usoro ahụ n'ụdị arsenate na-egbu egbu nke dị ala. Nnyocha nnwale egosila na iji teknụzụ Biox nwere ike ịbawanye mmịpụta ọla edo gaa na 91.74% site na ntinye uche na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke bụ mmụba dị ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere cyanidation ozugbo.

Autoclave Oxidation (Pox)

Autoclave oxidation gụnyere itinye uche nke ore na elu - okpomọkụ na ọnọdụ nrụgide dị elu na ọnụnọ oxygen. Usoro a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma oxidizes mineral sulfide. Nke mbụ autoclave oxidative leaching nke flotation uche nwere ike inye mgbake ọla edo siri ike na cyanidation na-esote, na-adịkarị na ọkwa 94.9 - 96.5%. Usoro a na-enye ọnụego mmịpụta dị elu ma bụrụ ihe dị mkpa n'ịgbalite usoro teknụzụ, melite nchekwa ụlọ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ nhazi ọla edo, na ịkwalite ọnọdụ ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

Ihe mgbakwunye na ọrụ ha na Cyanidation

Cyanide - Mbelata ihe mgbakwunye

Cyanide bụ reagent a na-ejikarị eme ihe na mmịpụta ọla edo, mana oke oriri ya ọ bụghị naanị na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa mana ọ na-etinyekwa nnukwu ihe egwu na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike mmadụ. Extractech, ihe mgbakwunye biopolymer dị elu nke sitere na algae, emepụtara iji dozie okwu a. Mgbe etinyere ya na usoro cyanidation, ọ nwere ike rụọ ọrụ dị ka nnukwu oxidant. Ọ na-agbaji agbụ nke elu - oxidation - mbelata - ikike (ORP) mineral na refractory ore. Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na-eme na ụmụ irighiri ọla edo, na-ahapụ ọla edo ahụ ka ọ kpughee meghachi omume na cyanide. Dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na usoro cyanidation dị ugbu a, Extractech nwere ike ibelata ojiji cyanide ruo 20-30% ebe ọ na-abawanye mkpụrụ ọla edo site na 3-5%.

Ihe ndi ozo

Enwere ike iji ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ kwalite usoro cyanidation. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ ihe mgbakwunye nwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya "oxygen na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma" na pulp, nke bara uru maka mmeghachi omume cyanidation. Ha nwekwara ike inwe ọrụ dị ka mgbasa, na-enyere aka ịgbasa pulp ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu ma mee ka kọntaktị dị irè n'etiti cyanide na ọla edo. Na mgbakwunye, ha nwere ike ịnwe adịghị ọcha - ọrụ iwepụ, na-ewepụ ma ọ bụ na-ebelata mmetụta adịghị ọcha dị na pulp na ntanye ọla edo. Ihe mgbakwunye chelating nwere ike ịbawanye mgbasa nke ọla edo wee wepụ ihe adịghị ọcha na-emetụta ịcha ọla edo.

Nkwalite usoro na Cyanidation

Njikwa pH

Cyanide na pulp na-enweta mmeghachi omume hydrolysis, na-emepụta HCN, akụkụ nke na-agbanwe site na ngwọta, na-ebute mfu cyanide na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi. N'oge cyanide leaching, ihe ngwọta ahụ aghaghị ịnọgide na-enwe ụfọdụ alkalinity iji gbochie ire ere nke cyanide. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na alkalinity nke ngwọta cyanide dị oke elu, ọ ga-ebelata ọnụego mgbasa nke ọla edo. Ya mere, njikwa pH ziri ezi dị mkpa maka cyanidation nke ọma.

Oge nkuzi

Ka oge nlegharị anya na-abawanye, ọnụego leaching ọla edo na-arị elu na mbụ. Agbanyeghị, mgbe oge ụfọdụ gachara, ịgbatịkwu oge nlegharị anya anaghị abawanye ọnụego leaching ọla edo nke ukwuu. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na oge nkwụsịtụ kwesịrị ekwesị iji nweta mmịpụta ọla edo dị irè na-enweghị iji ihe onwunwe na oge na-enweghị isi.

Oxygen ọkọnọ

Ojiji nke oxidants dị ka oxygen dị ọcha ma ọ bụ oxides ndị ọzọ na usoro ntanye nwere ike imeziwanye gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na usoro ikuku oxygen - resin leaching, mgbakwunye oxygen nwere ike ime ka ọnụọgụ nke ọla edo na ọlaọcha dịkwuo elu, mee ka ọsọ ọsọ na-agba ọsọ, na-ebelata oge nkwụsị, ma belata oriri nke cyanide na nitrate.

mmechi

Ịkwalite usoro cyanidation maka mmịpụta ọla edo site na ores refractory chọrọ nchikota nke teknụzụ pretreatment kwesịrị ekwesị, iji ihe mgbakwunye dị irè, na njikarịcha usoro. Ụzọ ọgwụgwọ dị ka nje oxidation na autoclave oxidation na-enye ndị ọzọ omume enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi na nke ọma ma e jiri ya tụnyere ịhịa aka n'oge ọdịnala. Ihe mgbakwunye nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ibelata oriri cyanide na ịbawanye mgbake ọla edo. Site n'iji nlezianya na-achịkwa usoro usoro dịka pH, oge nkwụsịtụ, na ikuku oxygen, ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ọla edo nwere ike imeziwanye mmepụta nke mpụta nke refractory ore, na-eme ka usoro mmịpụta ahụ bụrụ nke na-adigide na nke akụ na ụba.