Kodi mukudziwa za ntchito ya sodium cyanide?

Sodium cyanide , yokhala ndi formula ya mankhwala NaCN, ndi chinthu chomwe chatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha poizoni wake wambiri. Komabe, chimagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe Sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwira ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana.

1. Makampani Ogulitsa Migodi

Kutulutsa Golide ndi Siliva

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga Sodium Cyanide ndi kuchotsa golide ndi siliva kuchokera ku miyala yawo. Njira imeneyi, yomwe imadziwika kuti cyanidation, imadalira mphamvu ya ma ayoni a cyanide kupanga zinthu zokhazikika ndi golide ndi siliva. Pakakhala mpweya ndi madzi, chitsulo cha golide chimasungunuka ndikusungunuka mu cyanide solution, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale golide ndi cyanide complex. Njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri ndipo yakhala muyezo wa migodi ya golide ndi siliva kwa zaka zambiri. Imalola kubwezeretsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku miyala yotsika, yomwe singakhale yothandiza kwambiri pokonza pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina. Mwachitsanzo, m'migodi yayikulu ya golide padziko lonse lapansi, sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutulutsa golide. M'migodi ina yaku Africa ndi South America, matani masauzande ambiri a miyala amachiritsidwa ndi cyanide solutions tsiku lililonse kuti apeze golide wochepa.

Other Metal Processing

Sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwanso ntchito polekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa zitsulo zina monga mkuwa, zinc, ndi nickel. Pa nthawi imeneyi, cyanide imatha kumangirira zitsulo zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zilekanitsidwe ndi zinthu zosafunika kapena zitsulo zina zomwe zili mu mkuwa. Mwachitsanzo, mumakampani opanga migodi ya mkuwa , cyanide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulekanitsa mkuwa ndi zitsulo zina zomwe zili m'thupi la mkuwa. Izi zimachitika mwa kusintha pH ndi kuchuluka kwa yankho la cyanide kuti ligwirizane ndi mapangidwe enaake achitsulo ndi cyanide.

2. Kusintha kwamagetsi

Mu makampani opanga ma Electroplating , sodium cyanide ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu bafa yopangira ma plating. Imathandizira kuyika zitsulo monga mkuwa, siliva, cadmium, ndi zinc pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ma ion a cyanide mu yankho la ma plating amagwira ntchito ngati zinthu zophatikiza. Amapanga ma complexes okhala ndi ma ion achitsulo, zomwe zimathandiza kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kuyika kwa zitsulo. Zotsatira zake, chitsulo chofanana komanso chomata chimapangidwa pamwamba pa chinthu chomwe chikupangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, popanga zodzikongoletsera zapamwamba, kuyika siliva kapena golide pogwiritsa ntchito ma electroplating solutions nthawi zambiri kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma plating solutions okhala ndi cyanide. Kupezeka kwa sodium cyanide kumatsimikizira kuti chitsulo chamtengo wapatali chimayikidwa mofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zodzikongoletserazo zikhale zosalala komanso zowala. Mumakampani opanga magalimoto, zida monga ma bumpers ndi zokongoletsera nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa ndi ma electroplating pogwiritsa ntchito ma cyanide - okhala ndi ma solutions kuti awonjezere mawonekedwe awo komanso kukana dzimbiri.

3. Chemical Synthesis

Kupanga kwa Organic Compounds

Sodium cyanide ndi reagent yofunika kwambiri mu kaphatikizidwe ka organic. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambitsa gulu la cyano (-CN) kukhala mamolekyu achilengedwe. Ili ndi gawo lofunikira pakuphatikizika kwazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza ma nitriles, omwe amamanga mosiyanasiyana mu chemistry. Mwachitsanzo, popanga acrylonitrile, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi wopangidwa ngati acrylic ndi modacrylic, sodium cyanide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito munjira imodzi. Zomwe zimachitika pakati pa organic halide ndi sodium cyanide zimatsogolera ku mapangidwe a nitrile kudzera mu nucleophilic substitution reaction.

Kaphatikizidwe wa Mankhwala ndi Agrochemicals

M'makampani opanga mankhwala, sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala angapo. Mwachitsanzo, imagwira ntchito yopanga mankhwala enaake opha tizilombo, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala oletsa kutupa. Mu synthesis ya vitamini B12. cyanide amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zazikulu zapakatikati. M'munda wa agrochemical, sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi herbicides. Mankhwala ena ophera tizirombo ndi mafangasi amakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimachokera ku zochita za sodium cyanide. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuteteza mbewu ku tizirombo ndi matenda, motero amawonjezera zokolola zaulimi.

4. Ntchito Zina

Kuwongolera Makoswe

Chifukwa cha kawopsedwe kake, sodium cyanide yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati rodenticide. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa makoswe, mbewa, ndi makoswe ena. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'nkhaniyi kumayendetsedwa bwino chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zingabweretse kwa mitundu yomwe siili ndi cholinga komanso chilengedwe. M'madera ena kumene matenda a makoswe ndi ovuta kwambiri ndipo njira zina zodzitetezera zakhala zosagwira ntchito, nyambo za sodium cyanide zingagwiritsidwe ntchito moyang'aniridwa bwino. Makoswe amadya nyamboyo, ndipo cyanide imagwira ntchito mwachangu pamanjenje, zomwe zimatsogolera ku imfa.

Kuyeretsa ndi Kupukuta Zitsulo

Sodium cyanide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa zitsulo ndi kupukuta. Zimathandizira kuchotsa ma oxides ndi zonyansa zina zapamtunda kuzitsulo. Pankhani ya zitsulo zina, cyanide imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zonyansa zapamtunda, kupanga zovuta zosungunuka zomwe zimatha kutsukidwa mosavuta. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka pokonzekera zitsulo kuti zipitirire kukonzanso, monga kujambula kapena kumanga. Mwachitsanzo, m’makampani opanga zinthu zakuthambo, zitsulo zina zisanapentidwe kapena kulumikizidwa pamodzi, zimatha kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala okhala ndi sodium cyanide kuti pakhale malo oyera komanso osalala.

Pomaliza, sodium cyanide, ngakhale kawopsedwe, imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Kuchokera pakuchotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali mumigodi mpaka kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala ofunikira, ntchito zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zofunikira. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuopsa kwake, malamulo okhwima otetezedwa ndi chilengedwe ali m'malo kuti awonetsetse kuti akugwiridwa bwino, kusungidwa, ndi kutaya.