Njira ya Electrolytic Oxidation Yochizira Madzi a Sodium Cyanide

Introduction

Madzi otayira omwe ali ndi Cyanide, makamaka omwe amachokera ku Sodium Cyanide , ndi vuto lalikulu pa chilengedwe. Madzi otayira oterewa ndi oopsa kwambiri ndipo amachokera makamaka m'mafakitale monga electroplating, kupanga gasi, kuphika, zitsulo, kukonza zitsulo, ulusi wa mankhwala, pulasitiki, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi makampani opanga mankhwala. M'madzi, ndi osakhazikika ndipo amatha kuwola. Ma cyanide onse osapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe ndi akupha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mlingo woopsa wa cyanide m'thupi la munthu ndi 0.18 g, ndipo wa potassium cyanide ndi 0.12 g. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa cyanide komwe kumapha nsomba m'madzi kumayambira pa 0.04 - 0.1 mg/L. Zotsatira zake, njira zochizira zogwira mtima zimafunika mwachangu kuti zichepetse kuwononga kwake chilengedwe ndi thanzi la anthu.

Zoyambira za Electrolytic Oxidation za Cyanide - zomwe zili ndi Madzi a Waste

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito Electrolytic oxidation pochiza madzi otayira a Sodium cyanide imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi kuyendetsa zochita za mankhwala pa anode ndi cathode, motero kusintha cyanide m'madzi otayira kukhala zinthu zosavulaza kwenikweni. Munjira imeneyi, cyanide yosavuta komanso cyanide yovuta m'madzi otayira imachitidwa electrolysis.

Zochita za Anode

• Pa Simple Cyanide : Pa gawo loyamba la reaction pa anode, simple cyanide imachitapo kanthu mwamphamvu ndi zinthu zina m'madzi otayira kuti ipange mankhwala osaopsa kwambiri. Pa gawo lachiwiri lotsatira, zimachitika zinthu ziwiri. Kachitidwe kamodzi kamaphwanyanso mankhwalawa kukhala Carbon dioxide, nayitrogeni, ndi madzi. Kachitidwe kena kamapangitsa kuti ammonium ipangidwe.

• Kwa Coordination Cyanide (Kutenga Copper - Complex yokhala ndi Copper Monga Chitsanzo) : Pamene coordination cyanide, monga coordination - containing complexes, ifika pa anode, imachitapo kanthu kuti ipange ma ioni a mkuwa ndi mankhwala ena osaopsa kwambiri. Mchere wa patebulo ukawonjezedwa ku electrolytic medium, zochitika zina zimachitika. Ma ioni a chloride ochokera mu mchere amawotchedwa kuti apange chlorine yatsopano. Klorini yatsopanoyi imachitapo kanthu ndi cyanide ndi zinthu zina m'madzi otayira kuti iwononge ma cyanide kukhala zinthu zosavulaza kwenikweni, kuphatikizapo carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ndi chloride ions.

Zochita za Cathode

Pa cathode, ma hydrogen ions amapeza ma elekitironi ndikupanga mpweya wa haidrojeni. Kwa chitsulo - chokhala ndi ma cyanide complexes, monga omwe ali ndi mkuwa, ayoni amkuwa amapeza ma elekitironi ndipo akhoza kuikidwa ngati zitsulo zamkuwa. Pazifukwa zina, ayoni amkuwa amathanso kuchitapo kanthu ndi ayoni a hydroxide kuti apange copper hydroxide precipitate.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu mu Electrolytic Oxidation Process

• Zipangizo za Electrode : Kusankha zipangizo za electrode n'kofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo chofatsa chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu za cathode. Komabe, ma anode amafunika kupirira malo ovuta a electrochemical. Ma anode okhazikika m'magawo (DSA), omwe amapangidwa ndi ma oxide achitsulo abwino ndipo amapangidwa ndi makampani angapo, ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito izi. Graphite ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati zinthu za anode, koma ili ndi vuto loti imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono panthawi ya electrolysis.

• Kuwongolera Kutentha : Kutentha kwa madzi otayira panthawi ya electrolysis kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala. Nthawi zambiri kuyenera kusungidwa pansi pa 25 °C. Ngati kutentha kukukwera kwambiri, chlorine yopangidwa kuchokera ku okosijeni wa ma chloride ions mu mchere wowonjezeredwa idzatuluka isanagwirizane ndi cyanide, motero kuchepetsa mphamvu ya cyanide - njira yowonongera.

• Kuwonjezera Ma Chloride Ion : Kuwonjezera ma chloride ions m'madzi otayira kungapangitse kuti cyanide iwonongeke ndi electrolytic oxidation. Kawirikawiri, kuwonjezera 1 - 2 g/L ya ma chloride ions ndikokwanira. Nthawi zina, kuwonjezera mchere wamba (sodium chloride) pamlingo wa 25 g pa lita imodzi ku zinyalala zawonetsedwa kuti zimathandiza kwambiri pakuwononga cyanide ndi electrolytic.

Ubwino wa Electrolytic Oxidation Process

• Kugwira Ntchito Kwambiri Pamadzi Otayira Ochuluka : Njira yothira madzi pogwiritsa ntchito electrolytic oxidation ndi yothandiza kwambiri pochiza madzi otayira okhala ndi cyanide yambiri, monga omwe amapezeka m'migodi ya golide. Ikhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa cyanide m'madzi otayira.

• Kupanga Mitundu Yogwirizana : Pa nthawi ya electrolysis, mitundu yogwirizana monga chlorine yomwe imayamba kumera imapangidwa mkati mwa dongosolo. Izi zimachotsa kufunikira kowonjezera zinthu zowononga komanso zodula kwambiri zakunja.

• Kusinthasintha : Njirayi ikhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ka madzi otayidwa. Mwa kuwongolera magawo monga kuchuluka kwa magetsi, magetsi, ndi kuwonjezera mchere wina, njira ya electrolytic oxidation ikhoza kukonzedwa bwino pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madzi otayidwa okhala ndi cyanide, kaya ali ndi mankhwala osavuta kapena ovuta a cyanide.

Kutsiliza

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma electrolytic oxidation imapereka njira yabwino yothetsera madzi otayira a sodium cyanide . Mwa kumvetsetsa momwe mankhwala amachitira pa anode ndi cathode, kusankha mosamala zinthu za electrode, kuwongolera kutentha, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa ma chloride ions, njira iyi imatha kuchotsa bwino kuipitsa kwa cyanide m'madzi otayira. Pamene mafakitale akupitiliza kufunafuna njira zokhazikika komanso zogwira mtima zoyendetsera zinyalala zawo, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma electrolytic oxidation ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pochiza madzi otayira omwe ali ndi cyanide. Komabe, kafukufuku wowonjezereka ndi chitukuko chikufunikirabe kuti njirayi ikonze bwino, kuchepetsa ndalama, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito ake onse komanso kusamala chilengedwe.