Sei Sodium Cyanide Inoshandiswa muIndasitiri yeMachira?

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ikemikari ine huremu hwe 49.007 g/mol, inoratidzika seye crystalline yakasimba. Iyo ine muchetura zvakanyanya uye inoda kuchenjerera kubata. Pasinei ne toxicity yayo, sodium cyanide inoita mabasa akati wandei akakosha mu indasitiri yemachira. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora mabasa aya zvakadzama.

Chii chinoita mabasa Sodium Cyanide mune textile kudhinda nekudhaya?

Mordant muDyeing Maitiro

Mukudhaya micheka, a kuruma chinhu chinoshandiswa kubatsira dhayi kunamatira pajira. Sodium cyanide inogona kuita se mordant mune mamwe maitiro ekudhaya. Inoumba macomplexes ane simbi ions aripo mune mamwe madhayi uye machira eshinda. Semuenzaniso, kana iri dhayi dzechisikigo dzine simbi - ine chromophores (chikamu chemorekuru chinokonzeresa ruvara), Sodium cyanide inogona kusimudzira kusunga pakati pedhayi nefiber. Iyo cyanide ion (CN⁻) ine hukama hwakasimba hwemaoni esimbi. Inogona kuumba coordination complexes, iyo inozovhara mukaha uripo pakati pedhayi nejira, zvichikonzera kuti dhayi dzirambe dzisina ruvara uye dzisingaperi.

Synthesis ye Textile Fibers

Anenge ese mafiber ekugadzira anoshandiswa muindasitiri yemachira anovimba nesodium cyanide panguva yekugadzira kwavo. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwenylon, imwe yeakajairika mafiber ekugadzira, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzira adiponitrile, inova yakakosha yepakati. Nzira yekuita nayo inosanganisira kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kuunza mapoka e nitrile. Panyaya yepolyester fibers, kunyange zvazvo maitiro acho akaoma uye anowanzobatanidza maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari akaenzaniswa nenylon, sodium cyanide inogona kuramba ichibatanidzwa mukubatanidzwa kwezvimwe zvekutanga zvinhu kana mune mamwe maitiro ekugadzirisa. Aya mafibisi ekugadzira anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemachira nekuda kweawo anodiwa zvinhu senge simba, kusimba, uye kuunyana - kuramba, uye sodium cyanide inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwavo.

Dye Production

Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzira dhayi dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa mukudhinda machira nekudhaya. Inoshanda sechinhu chakasvibirira mukugadzirwa kwemamwe marudzi edhayi, kunyanya ayo ane makemikari akaoma. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwemamwe madhayi anochinja, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kudhayira cellulosic fiber sedonje, sodium cyanide inogona kubatanidzwa mune akawanda-nhanho synthesis process. Reactive madhayi anoumba covalent zvisungo nemamorekuru efiber panguva yekudhaya, achipa kunaka kwemavara. Iyo cyanide - ine makomisheni inogona kushandiswa kuvaka mapoka anochinja mukati memorekuru wedhayi anokonzeresa iyi covalent bond kuumbwa.

Tichifunga nezvehuchetura hwayo, ndedzipi chengetedzo uye zvakatipoteredza zvinotariswa zviripo maererano nekushandiswa kwesodium cyanide muindasitiri yemachira?

Kufemba, kubata ganda, kana kunwa kunyange zvidiki zvesodium cyanide zvinogona kuuraya vanhu. Inogona kukonzera masero kuti asakwanise kushandisa okisijeni, zvichiita kuti kukurumidza kufa kwesero uye pakupedzisira, kana muyero wakakwana ukabatwa, kufa kwemunhu.

Kubva pamaonero ezvakatipoteredza, kuraswa kwakafanira kwetsvina ipi neipi ine sodium cyanide kwakakosha. Kana ikaburitswa mumiviri yemvura, sodium cyanide inogona kuita hydrolyze kuumba hydrogen cyanide gasi, iyo ine muchetura zvakare uye inogona kutyisidzira hupenyu hwemumvura uye yakatenderedza ecosystem. Munyika dzakawanda, kune mitemo yakasimba nemirau inodzora kuchengetwa, kubata, uye kuraswa kwesodium cyanide mumaindasitiri, kusanganisira kudhinda machira nekudhaya. Mitemo iyi ine chinangwa chekudzikisa njodzi yetsaona uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide, kunyangwe ichizivikanwa huturu, inoita basa rakakosha mukudhinda machira uye dhayi, kubva pakufambisa dhayi - jira rinosunga se mordant kuti rive chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemachira nedhayi. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanya uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwayo kunofanirwa kunyatsotariswa uye kudzorwa. Sezvo indasitiri yemachira iri kuramba ichishanduka, kuedza kuri kuitwa kuvandudza mamwe maitiro uye makemikari anogona kuwana mhedzisiro imwechete pasina njodzi dzakabatana dzekushandisa sodium cyanide.