Chii chinonzi Optimal pH Kukosha kweCyanide Leaching?

Cyanide leaching yave iri dombo repakona pakutorwa kwegoridhe nesirivheri kubva mumicherwa kubva payakaitwa mumaindasitiri muna 1887. Iyi nzira inotsamira pachiyero chakapfava chemakemikari akasiyana-siyana uye zvakatipoteredza, nepH kukosha kwechigadziriso chakamira separameter yekunyanya kukosha.

Iyo Kemikari Rationale Kuseri kwepH muCyanide Leaching

Cyanide, inowanzova muchimiro cheSodium Cyanide (NaCN) kana potassium cyanide (KCN), inoshanda sechinhu chikuru chinoburitsa mvura. Zvisinei, kushanda kwayo negoridhe nesirivha kunonyanya kukanganiswa nehuwandu hwepH. Cyanide iripo mukuenzanisa nehydrogen cyanide (HCN), chinhu chine chepfu uye chinoshanduka-shanduka. Munzvimbo ine acidity (pH yakaderera), kuenzana kwemakemikari kunoshanduka kuenda pakuumbwa kwegasi reHCN. Izvi hazvingogumiri panjodzi huru dzekuchengetedza asiwo zvinoderedza kuwanikwa kwemaion ecyanide akasununguka, ayo anodiwa pakunyungudutsa goridhe nesirivha.

Kuti goridhe nesirivha zvinyatsobuda zvakanaka , mushonga unofanirwa kuchengetwa muchimiro chealkaline. Kana pH yakakwira, cyanide inoramba iri muchimiro chayo cheionic, zvichiita kuti igadzire complexes dzakagadzikana negoridhe nesirivha. Munguva yekubviswa kwemvura, maion ehydroxide anogadzirwa, zvichiwedzera kuwedzera alkaline yemushonga.

Kusarudza iyo Optimal pH Range

Zvidzidzo zvakawanda uye maitiro emaindasitiri zvakaratidza huwandu hwakakodzera hwepH yekubvisa Cyanide . Kazhinji, pH iri pamusoro pe10.5 inoonekwa seinokosha, uye mabasa mazhinji anovavarira kuchengetedza pH iri pakati pe11 ne12. Heino chikonzero nei:

• Kuwedzera Kunyungudika Kwegoridhe : Pa pH iri mukati meiyi range, mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe unovandudzwa. Kutsauka kubva pairi range kunogona kukonzera kudzikira kukuru mukushanda kwekubvisa. Semuenzaniso, kana pH ikadonha pasi pe10.5, kuumbwa kwegasi reHCN kunoderedza kuwanda kwemayoni ecyanide akasununguka, zvichideredza kumhanya kwekuita negoridhe.

• Kuderedza Kushandiswa kweCyanide : Kushandiswa kweCyanide kwakabatana zvakanyanya nemazinga epH. Kuderera kwepH kunogona kukonzera kushandiswa kwecyanide zvakanyanya sezvo cyanide isingashande zvakanaka pakugadzira macomplex. Nekuchengetedza pH yakakwira, kugadzikana kwecyanide complexes kunovimbiswa, zvichideredza kushandiswa kweCyanide zvisina kufanira.

• Pfungwa Dzekuchengetedza : Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedza, kuchengetedza pH iri pamusoro pe10.5 kwakakosha. Gasi reHCN rine chepfu yakanyanya, uye kunyangwe huwandu hudiki hunogona kuuraya. Nekudzora pH iri mukati mehuwandu hunokurudzirwa, kuumbwa kwegasi iri rine njodzi kunoderedzwa, zvichichengetedza hutano nekuchengetedzeka kwevashandi vari mumigodhi nemidziyo yekuburitsa.

Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Optimal pH

• Kuumbwa kweMatombo : Matombo akasiyana anogona kunge aine tsvina dzakasiyana-siyana uye zvicherwa zvinogona kukanganisa pH yakakwana. Semuenzaniso, matombo ane huwandu hwakawanda hwesarufa anogona kuda kugadziriswa kwepH kwakasiyana zvishoma, sezvo makemikari ane sarufa anogona kusangana ne cyanide solution uye kukanganisa nharaunda yese yemakemikari.

• Tembiricha : Tembiricha yekubvisa tsvina inogonawo kukanganisa pH yakakwana. Sezvo tembiricha ichichinja, kunyungudika kweokisijeni uye mwero wekuita kwemakemikari zvinochinjwa. Kazhinji, sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, kunyungudika kwecyanide kunowedzera, uye kunyungudika kweokisijeni kunoderera. Izvi zvingada kugadziriswa kudiki kwepH kuti pave nemamiriro ekubvisa tsvina zvakanaka. Zvisinei, maitiro mazhinji ekubvisa tsvina yecyanide anoitwa patembiricha yekunze (inenge 15 - 30 °C) kudzivirira kuparara kwakanyanya kwecyanide uye kurasikirwa neokisijeni.

Nzira dze pH Kudzora

• Lime (CaO) neCaustic Soda (NaOH) : Aya ndiwo ma reagents anonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa nekuchengetedza pH mu cyanide leaching. Lime, kana yawedzerwa mumvura, inoumba calcium hydroxide, iyo inopindirana nezvikamu zvine acidic mumushonga wekuwedzera pH. Caustic soda (NaOH), hwaro hwakasimba, inogonawo kushandiswa kukwidza pH nekukurumidza. Sarudzo pakati pezviviri izvi inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semutengo, kuwanikwa, uye zvinodiwa zveore iri kugadziriswa.

• Masensa epH : Kuti ave nechokwadi chekudzora pH kwakarurama, mashandiro ekuchera emazuva ano anoshandisa masensa epH epamusoro. Masensa aya anogona kugara achitarisa pH yemhinduro yekuburitsa mvura uye kupa data renguva chaiyo. Zvichibva padata iri, vashandisi vanogona kugadzirisa kuwedzerwa kwe pH-control reagents kuti varambe vaine pH range yakakwana.

Mukupedzisa, iyo yakakwana pH kukosha kwecyanide leaching iri pakati pe 11 - 12. Ukoshi uhwu hunotarwa nekubatanidzwa kwemakemikari maitiro, kuchengetedza zvinodiwa, uye kudiwa kwekuita goridhe nesirivha kutorwa. Nekunyatso kudzora pH uye mamwe ma paramita, makambani emigodhi anogona kukwirisa kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi dzakakosha uku achideredza njodzi dzenharaunda nekuchengetedza.