IiNdlela eziGqwesileyo zokuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo kwiZehlo zeSodium Cyanide

intshayelelo

Sodium i-cyanide yikhemikhali eyityhefu kakhulu esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nemigodi, i-electroplating, kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali. Nangona kunjalo, ubutyhefu bayo kunye nokubakho kweziphumo ezibi xa kukho isiganeko kufuna amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko kwaye alungelelaniswe kakuhle impendulo engxamisekileyo izicwangciso. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni isishwankathelo esibanzi seendlela ezilungileyo zokuphatha sodium cyanide iingozi ukukhusela ubomi, impahla, kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Ukuqonda iSodium Cyanide

I-sodium cyanide yikristale emhlophe okanye ipowder granular. Xa idibana namanzi, iiasidi, okanye ezinye izinto ezithile, inokukhupha irhasi yehydrogen cyanide, isithambiso esinetyhefu eninzi yokuphefumla imichiza. Le gesi iphazamisa amandla omzimba okusebenzisa ioksijini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni ngokukhawuleza xa kunokwenzeka. Isixhobo sineziphumo zenkqubo, kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi (ubuchopho), inkqubo ye-cardiovascular system (intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi), kunye nenkqubo ye-pulmonary (imiphunga) eyona ibuthathaka kwimpembelelo yayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngelixa igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide inokuba nevumba elimnandi le-almond kwabanye, inxalenye enkulu yabemi ayikwazi ukuyibona, kwaye Isodium cyanide ayinavumba xa yomile.

Ulungelelwaniso olungxamisekileyo

Uvavanyo loMngcipheko kunye noCwangciso

• Chonga Iingozi: Yenza uhlolo olunzulu lweenkqubo kunye neendawo zokugcina apho Isodium cyanide iyasetyenziswa okanye igcinwe. Misela iimeko ezinokubakho zokuvuza, ukuchitheka, okanye ukukhutshwa, njengokusilela kwesixhobo, iimpazamo zabantu, okanye iintlekele zendalo.

• Phuhlisa iziCwangciso zokuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo: Yenza izicwangciso ezicacileyo ezichaza izenzo eziza kuthathwa kwimeko yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziganeko ze-sodium cyanide. Ezi zicwangciso kufuneka zibandakanye iinkqubo zokufuduka, iiprothokholi zonxibelelwano, kunye neendlela zokukhupha iintsholongwane.

• Chaza iindima kunye noxanduva: Yabela ngokucacileyo abantu okanye amaqela abohlukeneyo imisebenzi. Umzekelo, khetha abaphathi bezehlo, amaqela ohlangulo, abaphenduli bezonyango, kunye namaqela okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyayiqonda indima yakhe kunye nesicwangciso sokuphendula ngokubanzi.

Uqeqesho kunye noQeqesho

• Ukubonelela ngoQeqesho rhoqo: Qeqesha bonke abasebenzi abanokubandakanyeka ekuphatheni i-sodium cyanide okanye ukuphendula kwisiganeko. Uqeqesho kufuneka lufake iimpawu ze-sodium cyanide, iinkqubo zokuphatha ngokukhuselekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela zomntu (PPE), kunye neendlela zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

• Qhuba Uqheliselo: Ukuqhuba rhoqo uqheliselo olungxamisekileyo ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezicwangciso zokusabela. Uqheliselo kufuneka lufane neemeko ezahlukeneyo zezehlo, kubandakanywa ukuchitheka okuncinci, ukukhutshwa kwezikali ezinkulu, kunye neemeko ezibandakanya abasebenzi abonzakeleyo. Hlalutya iziphumo zoqheliso ngalunye ukuchonga iinkalo ekufuneka kuphuculwe kuzo.

Izixhobo kunye nezibonelelo

• Isixhobo sokuKhusela: Qinisekisa ukuba iPPE efanelekileyo iyafumaneka kubo bonke abaphendulayo. Oku kunokubandakanya iNqanaba A okanye iNqanaba B imichiza yekhemikhali - yebhayoloji - yeradiyoloji - inyukliya (CBRN) isixhobo sokuphefumla esizimeleyo (SCBA) esineesuti zokhuselo, iikhemikhali - iiglavu ezixhathisayo (zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle), kunye neebhutsi ezikwaziyo ukumelana neekhemikhali.

• Decontamination Isixhobo: Yiba nezixhobo zokucoca abantu kunye neendawo ezichaphazelekileyo. Oku kungabandakanya iipayipi zamanzi ezinkulu, iishawa zokhuseleko, izitishi zokuhlamba amehlo ezingxamisekileyo, kunye nezinto zokufunxa ezifana nokusebenza ICarbon yokucoca iindawo ezichithekileyo.

• I-First-Aid kunye ne-Medical Supplies: Iikiti zoncedo lokuqala kunye ne-antidotes ethile ye-cyanide poisoning, njenge-4 - dimethylaminophenol (4 - DMAP) okanye i-nitrite ye-sodium, kunye nezinye izinto zonyango jikelele. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho abasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo okanye aboncedo lokuqala abakwi-standby.

• Unxibelelwano kunye neZixhobo zokuBeka iliso: Misela iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezithembekileyo ukulungelelanisa iinzame zokusabela. Sebenzisa iikawusi zomoya ukujonga icala oya ngakulo umoya (eziluncedo xa uqikelela ukusasazeka komsi oyityhefu) kunye nezichongi zerhasi ukulinganisa ukuhlangana kwerhasi yehydrogen cyanide emoyeni.

Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza

Ukufunyanwa kwezehlo kunye nokuNika iNgxelo

• Ukuchongwa kwangoko: Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka iliso ukukhangela ukuvuza kwe-sodium cyanide okanye ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunokubandakanya izinzwa zegesi kwiindawo apho i-sodium cyanide igcinwa okanye isetyenziswe khona.

• Ingxelo ekhawulezileyo: Misela indlela ecacileyo yokunika ingxelo. Nasiphi na isiganeko esikrokrelwayo okanye esiqinisekisiweyo se-sodium cyanide kufuneka sixelelwe ngokukhawuleza kumasebe angaphakathi afanelekileyo (njengokhuseleko, ulawulo) kunye namagunya angaphandle (njengamasebe omlilo wendawo, ii-arhente zokukhusela indalo). Nika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nobume besiganeko, indawo, kunye nobungakanani obuqikelelweyo be-sodium cyanide ebandakanyekayo.

Ukufuduka kunye Nokwahlukaniswa

• Phuma KwiiNdawo Ezichaphazelekayo: Khupha bonke abasebenzi abangabalulekanga kwindawo apho ukukhutshwa kwe-sodium cyanide kwenzeke khona. Sebenzisa iindlela zokufuduka ezimiselwe kwangaphambili kunye neendawo zokuhlangana. Qinisekisa ukuba wonk’ ubani uyaphendulwa kwiindawo zendibano.

• Yahlula iNdawo yeSehlo: Misela umjikelezo ojikeleze indawo yesiganeko ukuthintela ukungena okungagunyaziswanga. Ubungakanani bendawo yokwahlula kufuneka bumiselwe ngokusekwe kubungakanani bokukhululwa, icala lomoya, kunye nezinye izinto. Umzekelo, xa kukho ukukhutshwa kwezinga elikhulu, iradiyasi yokwahlula inokufuneka ibe ngamakhulu aliqela eemitha.

Ukuhlangula kunye noNcedo lokuqala

• Imisebenzi yokuhlangula: Amaqela ohlangulo aqeqeshiweyo, axhotyiswe ngePPE efanelekileyo, kufuneka angene kwindawo echaphazelekayo ukuhlangula abasebenzi abalimele. Sebenzisa iistretcher ukuze ukhuphe amaxhoba ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo eyingozi.

• Okokuqala - Unyango loNcedo: Ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala olukhawulezileyo kumaxhoba. Zisuse kumthombo wongcoliseko, kwaye ukuba ziye zadibana nesodium cyanide, zingcolise ulusu kunye namehlo abo. Ukunxibelelana kwesikhumba, hlambulula ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu engama-20. Xa ujongana namehlo, gungxula ngamanzi kangangemizuzu eli-15 ubuncinane. Ukuba ixhoba liye laphefumla igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide okanye i-sodium cyanide, lawula i-antidotes efanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kuphela ngabasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo.

Isiqulatho kunye noCoci - phezulu

• Ziqulathe Ukuchitheka okanye Khupha: Ukuba kunokwenzeka, qulathe ukuchitheka kwesodium cyanide ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwayo. Ukuchitha ulwelo, sebenzisa izinto ezifunxayo ukufunxa imichiza. Xa ufuna ukuchitheka okuqinileyo, hlamba loo nto kwizikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo. Kwimeko yokukhululwa kwimizila yamanzi, qwalasela imiqobo yokwakha (efana ne-booms emilanjeni okanye emachibini) ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwamanzi angcolileyo.

• Ukucoca kunye nokuCoca: Coca ngokucokisekileyo indawo echaphazelekayo. Sebenzisa ii-arhente zokucoca ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokucoca umphezulu, izixhobo kunye nomhlaba. Zonke izinto ezingcolileyo, kubandakanywa izinto ezixhamlayo, kufuneka zilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yendawo.

Isithuba - Ukulandelela Isiganeko - up

Ukongamela imeko yendalo

• Ukujongwa koMoya naManzi: Ukuqhuba uhlolo oluqhubekayo lomoya kunye namanzi kwindawo yesiza sesiganeko. Jonga irhasi yehydrogen cyanide esemoyeni kunye neeyoni zecyanide kumanzi. Ukubeka iliso ixesha elongeziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba okusingqongileyo kubuyele kwimeko ekhuselekileyo.

• ISampulu yomhlaba: Thatha iisampulu zomhlaba kwindawo echaphazelekayo ukuvavanya ubungakanani bosulelo. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho nawaphi na amanyathelo okulungisa afunekayo emhlabeni.

Uphando kunye noHlalutyo

• Uhlalutyo lweNgingqi: Yenza uphando oluthe kratya ukufumanisa ingcambu yesiganeko se-sodium cyanide. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuvavanya ukusilela kwesixhobo, impazamo yomntu, okanye iziphene kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko.

• Izifundo ezifundwayo: Hlalutya inkqubo yokusabela ngokungxamisekileyo ukuchonga iinkalo zokuphucula. Hlaziya izicwangciso zokusabela ezingxamisekileyo, iinkqubo zoqeqesho, kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko ezisekelwe kwizifundo ezifunyenwe kweso siganeko.

Unxibelelwano loLuntu

• Gcina Uluntu Lunolwazi: Ukubonelela ngohlaziyo rhoqo kuluntu lwengingqi malunga nesehlo, iinzame zokuphendula, kunye neziphumo zokubekwa kweliso kokusingqongileyo. Ukujongana nayo nayiphi na inkxalabo okanye imibuzo evela eluntwini ukugcina elubala kunye nokuthembana.

Ukuqukumbela, impendulo engxamisekileyo elungiselelwe kakuhle kwaye elungelelanisiweyo ibalulekile ekunciphiseni impembelelo yeziganeko ze-sodium cyanide. Ngokulandela ezi ndlela zilungileyo, imizi-mveliso inokukhusela abasebenzi bayo, uluntu, kunye nokusingqongileyo ngcono kwiingozi ezinxulumene nalo mchiza unetyhefu kakhulu.