IiNdlela eziGqwesileyo zokuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo kwiZehlo zeSodium Cyanide

intshayelelo

I-Sodium cyanide yikhemikhali enobungozi kakhulu esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nemigodi, i-electroplating, kunye nemveliso yamachiza. Nangona kunjalo, ubuthi bayo kunye nokuba nemiphumo emibi xa kukho ingozi kufuna amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko kunye nezicwangciso zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ezicwangcisiweyo . Eli nqaku lijolise ekuboneleleni ngesishwankathelo esipheleleyo seendlela ezilungileyo zokusingatha iingozi ze-sodium cyanide ukukhusela ubomi, impahla kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Ukuqonda iSodium Cyanide

I-sodium cyanide yi-crystalline emhlophe okanye i-granular powder. Xa idibana namanzi, ii-asidi, okanye ezinye izinto ezithile, inokukhupha igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide, i-chemical asphyxiant enobungozi kakhulu. Le gesi iphazamisa amandla omzimba okusebenzisa i-oksijini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni ngokukhawuleza xa ichaphazeleka. Le nto inemiphumo yenkqubo yomzimba, kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous system (ingqondo), inkqubo ye-cardiovascular (intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi), kunye nenkqubo ye-pulmonary (imiphunga) zezona zichaphazeleka kakhulu yimpembelelo yayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba nangona igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide inokuba nevumba elikrakra le-almond kwabanye, inxalenye enkulu yabantu ayinakuyibona, kwaye i-Sodium Cyanide ayinavumba xa yomile.

Ulungelelwaniso olungxamisekileyo

Uvavanyo loMngcipheko kunye noCwangciso

• Chonga iiNgozi : Yenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwazo zonke iinkqubo kunye neendawo zokugcina apho kusetyenziswa okanye kugcinwa khona iSodium cyanide . Chonga iimeko ezinokubakho zokuvuza, ukuchitheka, okanye ukukhutshwa, njengokusilela kwezixhobo, iimpazamo zabantu, okanye iintlekele zemvelo.

• Yenza izicwangciso zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka : Yenza izicwangciso ezineenkcukacha ezichaza amanyathelo ekufuneka athathwe xa kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezehlo ze-sodium cyanide. Ezi zicwangciso mazibandakanye iinkqubo zokukhupha abantu, iindlela zonxibelelwano, kunye neendlela zokususa ungcoliseko.

• Chaza iiNdima kunye neeMfanelo : Yabela imisebenzi ngokucacileyo kubantu okanye kumaqela ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, khetha abaphathi beziganeko, amaqela okuhlangula, abaphenduli bezonyango, kunye namaqela okukhusela okusingqongileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyayiqonda indima yakhe kunye necebo lokuphendula ngokubanzi.

Uqeqesho kunye noQeqesho

• Nika Uqeqesho Oluqhelekileyo : Qeqesha bonke abasebenzi abanokuba nenxaxheba ekuphatheni i-sodium cyanide okanye ekuphenduleni kwisiganeko. Uqeqesho kufuneka lugubungele iimpawu ze-sodium cyanide, iinkqubo zokuphatha ezikhuselekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE), kunye neendlela zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka.

• Qhuba iiQhinga : Qhuba rhoqo iiQhinga ezingxamisekileyo ukuze kuvavanywe ukusebenza kakuhle kwezicwangciso zokuphendula. IiQhinga kufuneka zilinganise iimeko ezahlukeneyo zezehlo, kubandakanya ukuchitheka okuncinci, ukukhutshwa okukhulu, kunye neemeko ezibandakanya abasebenzi abenzakeleyo. Hlalutya iziphumo zoqeqesho ngalunye ukuze ubone iindawo ekufuneka ziphuculwe.

Izixhobo kunye nezibonelelo

• Izixhobo zokuzikhusela zobuqu : Qinisekisa ukuba i-PPE efanelekileyo iyafumaneka kubo bonke abasabelayo. Oku kungabandakanya isixhobo sokuphefumla esizimeleyo (i-SCBA) esineekhemikhali - zebhayoloji - ze-radiological - zenyukliya (i-CBRN) kunye neesuti zokuzikhusela, iiglavu ezimelana neekhemikhali (zangaphakathi nezangaphandle), kunye neebhutsi ezimelana neekhemikhali.

• Izixhobo zokucoca : Zinezixhobo zokucoca abantu kunye neendawo ezichaphazelekileyo. Oku kungabandakanya iipayipi zamanzi ezinkulu, iishawa zokhuseleko, iindawo zokuhlamba amehlo ezingxamisekileyo, kunye nezinto zokufunxa ezifana ne-activated Carbon yokucoca ukuchitheka.

• Izixhobo zoNcedo lokuQala nezoNyango : Gcina izixhobo zoncedo lokuqala ezinee-antidotes ezithile zetyhefu ye-cyanide, ezifana ne-4-dimethylaminophenol (4-DMAP) okanye i-sodium nitrite, kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango ngokubanzi. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho abasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo okanye ii-paramedics ezilindileyo.

• Izixhobo zoNxibelelwano kunye nokuBeka eSweni : Misela iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezithembekileyo ukuze ulungelelanise imizamo yokuphendula. Sebenzisa iisokisi zomoya ukujonga icala lomoya (eziluncedo ekuqikeleleni ukusasazeka komsi onobuthi) kunye nezixhobo zokubona igesi ukulinganisa uxinano lwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide emoyeni.

Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza

Ukufunyanwa kwezehlo kunye nokuNika iNgxelo

• Ukufunyanwa Kwangethuba : Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka esweni ukuze kubonwe ukuvuza okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-sodium cyanide kwangethuba. Oku kungabandakanya izinzwa zegesi kwiindawo apho i-sodium cyanide igcinwa okanye isetyenziswa khona.

• Ingxelo Ekhawulezileyo : Misela indlela ecacileyo yokunika ingxelo. Nasiphi na isiganeko se-sodium cyanide esirhanelwayo okanye esiqinisekisiweyo kufuneka sixelwe ngoko nangoko kumasebe angaphakathi afanelekileyo (njengokhuseleko, ulawulo) kunye namagunya angaphandle (njengamasebe omlilo asekuhlaleni, iiarhente zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo). Nika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nohlobo lwesiganeko, indawo, kunye nobungakanani obuqikelelweyo be-sodium cyanide ebandakanyekayo.

Ukufuduka kunye Nokwahlukaniswa

• Susa bonke abasebenzi abangengobalulekanga kwindawo apho kuye kwaphuma khona i-sodium cyanide. Sebenzisa iindlela zokuphuma ezichazwe kwangaphambili kunye neendawo zokuhlanganisa. Qinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu ubalwa kwiindawo zokuhlanganisa.

• Yahlula Indawo Yesiganeko : Misela umda ojikeleze indawo yesiganeko ukuze uthintele ukungena okungagunyaziswanga. Ubungakanani bendawo yokuzahlula kufuneka bumiselwe ngokusekwe kubungakanani bokukhululwa, icala lomoya, kunye nezinye izinto. Umzekelo, kwimeko yokukhululwa okukhulu, irediyasi yokuzahlula ingadinga ukuba ngamakhulu eemitha.

Ukuhlangula kunye noNcedo lokuqala

• Imisebenzi yokuHlangula : Amaqela okuhlangula aqeqeshiweyo, axhotyiswe ngePPE efanelekileyo, kufuneka angene kwindawo echaphazelekayo ukuze ahlangule abantu abenzakeleyo. Sebenzisa iistretchers ukukhupha amaxhoba kwindawo enobungozi ngokukhuselekileyo.

• Unyango Loncedo Lokuqala : Nika uncedo lokuqala olukhawulezileyo kumaxhoba. Zisuse kwindawo ebangela ungcoliseko, kwaye ukuba zidibene ne-sodium cyanide, susa ungcoliseko eluswini nasemehlweni azo. Ukuze zihlangane nolusu, hlambulula ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu engama-20. Ukuze zihlangane namehlo, zihlambe ngamanzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Ukuba zidibene namehlo, zihlambe ngamanzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Ukuba ixhoba liphefumle igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide okanye litye i-sodium cyanide, nika amayeza afanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kuphela ngabasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo.

Isiqulatho kunye noCoci - phezulu

• Gcina Ukuchitheka okanye Ukukhululwa : Ukuba kunokwenzeka, gcina ukuchitheka kwe-sodium cyanide ukuze uthintele ukusasazeka kwayo. Xa kuchitheka ulwelo, sebenzisa izinto ezifunxayo ukuze ufunxe ikhemikhali. Xa kuchitheka okuqinileyo, faka izinto ezikwizikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo. Ukuba kuthe kwachitheka emanzini, cinga ngokwakha imiqobo (efana neengxolo emilanjeni okanye emachibini) ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwamanzi angcolisiweyo.

• Ukucoca nokucoca : Coca kakuhle indawo echaphazelekayo. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokucoca umphezulu, izixhobo kunye nomhlaba. Zonke izinto ezingcolisiweyo, kuquka nezinto ezifunxayo, kufuneka zilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwemigaqo yendawo.

Isithuba - Ukulandelela Isiganeko - up

Ukongamela imeko yendalo

• Ukubeka iliso kuMoya naManzi : Qhuba ukubekwa iliso rhoqo komoya namanzi kufutshane nendawo yesiganeko. Jonga ukuba akukho gesi ye-hydrogen cyanide eseleyo emoyeni kunye nee-ion ze-cyanide emanzini. Beka iliso ixesha elide ukuqinisekisa ukuba okusingqongileyo kubuyele kwimeko ekhuselekileyo.

• Ukusampula Umhlaba : Thabatha iisampulu zomhlaba kwindawo echaphazelekayo ukuze uvavanye ubungakanani bongcoliseko. Qinisekisa ukuba kukho amanyathelo okulungisa umhlaba afunekayo.

Uphando kunye noHlalutyo

• Uhlalutyo Lwezizathu Eziphambili : Yenza uphando oluneenkcukacha ukuze kufunyaniswe unobangela wesiganeko se-sodium cyanide. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuhlola ukusilela kwezixhobo, iimpazamo zabantu, okanye iziphene kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko.

• Izifundo Ezifundiweyo : Hlalutya inkqubo yokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka ukuze ubone iindawo ekufuneka ziphuculwe. Hlaziya izicwangciso zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka, iinkqubo zoqeqesho, kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko ngokusekelwe kwizifundo ezifundiweyo kweso siganeko.

Unxibelelwano loLuntu

• Gcina Uluntu Lunolwazi : Nika ulwazi rhoqo kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni malunga nesiganeko, imizamo yokuphendula, kunye neziphumo zokubeka esweni okusingqongileyo. Jongana nazo naziphi na iingxaki okanye imibuzo evela kuluntu ukuze ugcine ukungafihlisi nokuthembana.

Ukuqukumbela, impendulo engxamisekileyo elungiselelwe kakuhle kwaye elungelelanisiweyo ibalulekile ekunciphiseni impembelelo yeziganeko ze-sodium cyanide. Ngokulandela ezi ndlela zilungileyo, imizi-mveliso inokukhusela abasebenzi bayo, uluntu, kunye nokusingqongileyo ngcono kwiingozi ezinxulumene nalo mchiza unetyhefu kakhulu.