Iinkqubo zokuSebenza ngoKhuseleko lwe-Sodium Cyanide kunye nokuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo

intshayelelo

Sodium i-cyanide (I-NaCN) yikhemikhali enetyhefu kakhulu kwaye eyingozi esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nemigodi, i-electroplating, kunye ne-chemical synthesis. Ngenxa yobutyhefu obugqithisileyo kunye nokubakho kokwenzakala kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo, ngqongqo Umsebenzi wokhuseleko iinkqubo kunye nokusebenza Impendulo engxamisekileyo izicwangciso zibaluleke kakhulu xa uphethe le nto. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni isishwankathelo esibanzi seenkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko kunye nemilinganiselo yokusabela ngokukhawuleza enxulumene nayo Isodium cyanide.

Iipropati zeSodium Cyanide

Isodium cyanide yikristale emhlophe eqinileyo kunye nealmondi epholileyo - njengevumba. Inyibilika kakhulu emanzini kwaye yenza isisombululo esinamandla sealkaline. Inetyhefu egqithisileyo, kwaye nokuba isixa esincinci sinokubulala xa sithe saginywa, sirholiwe, okanye sifunxeka eluswini. Indlela yobutyhefu bayo

ivuyiswe ngamandla ayo okuthintela umsebenzi we-cytochrome oxidase kwiiseli, ngaloo ndlela iphazamisa ukuphefumla kweselula kwaye ikhokelela kwiimpawu zetyhefu ngokukhawuleza.

Iinkqubo zokuSebenza ngoKhuseleko

yoGcino

1. Ukukhetha indawo: Isodium cyanide kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina ezinikeleyo, enomoya owaneleyo neyahlukileyo kwezinye iikhemikhali, ngakumbi iiasidi. Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ephantsi-yezithuthi kwaye kude nemithombo yokutshisa, ukushisa kunye nokufuma.

2. Iimfuno zesikhongozeli: Kufuneka igcinwe kwizikhongozeli ezivalwe ngokuqinileyo, ezinganyangekiyo, ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-polyethylene ephezulu okanye intsimbi eneengubo ezifanelekileyo. Izikhongozeli kufuneka zibhalwe ngokucacileyo igama lekhemikhali, izilumkiso zengozi, kunye nemiyalelo yokuphatha.

3. Ulawulo lwezinto: Gcina uluhlu oluchanekileyo lwemali ye Isodium cyanide kwindawo yokugcina. Qwalasela izikhongozeli ukuba zivuza na, ukubola, okanye ukonakaliswa.

yokusingatha

1. Izixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE): Ukuphatha abasebenzi sodium cyanide kufuneka banxibe iPPE efanelekileyo, kubandakanywa iisuti zekhemikhali ezivaliweyo - ezixhathisayo, iiglavu ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana nerabha ye-butyl okanye irabha ye-nitrile, iikhemikhali - izibuko zokhuseleko ezixhathisayo, kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ukuphefumla. Ukhuseleko lokuphefumla kufuneka lube sisixhobo sokuphefumla esizimeleyo (SCBA) kwiimeko apho kukho umngcipheko wokuphefumla umsi wecyanide okanye uthuli.

2. Iindlela zokuphatha: Xa uhambisa i-sodium cyanide, sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ezifana ne-scoopers okanye i-funnels ezenziwe ngezinto ezingasebenziyo. Kuphephe ukuvelisa uthuli ngexesha lokuphatha, njengoko amasuntswana asemoyeni anokuphefumlelwa lula. Ungaze usebenzise izandla ezingenanto ukubamba imichiza. Yonke imisebenzi kufuneka iqhutywe kwihood yokuphefumla kakuhle okanye kwindawo enomoya osebenzayo wasekuhlaleni wokukhupha umoya.

3. Uthintelo lokuchitheka: Ngaphambi kokuba uqale nawuphi na umsebenzi wokuphatha, qinisekisa ukuba indawo yokusebenzela ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulawula ukuchitheka ezifana neepadi zokufunxa, isanti, okanye ii-agent agents. Yiba nesicwangciso sokuthintela ukuchitheka kwindawo kwaye uyazi indawo yezikhululo zamehlo ezingxamisekileyo kunye neeshawa zokhuseleko.

uthutho

1. Iimfuno zemoto: I-sodium cyanide kufuneka ihanjiswe kwizithuthi ezenzelwe kwaye zivunywe ukuthuthwa kwezinto ezinobungozi. Izithuthi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokungenisa umoya, izixhobo zokuvalela ukuchitheka, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko.

2. Uxwebhu: Konke ukuthuthwa kwe-sodium cyanide kufuneka kukhatshwe ngamaxwebhu aneenkcukacha, kubandakanywa negama lekhemikhali, ubuninzi, imvelaphi, indawo yokuya kuyo, kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano oluphuthumayo. Indlela yothutho kufuneka icwangciswe ngononophelo ukuphepha iindawo ezixineneyo kunye neendawo ezinezamkeli ezibuthathaka zokusingqongileyo.

Amanyathelo okuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo

Kwimeko yokuvuza okanye ukuchitheka

1. Ukufuduka: Bakhuphe ngoko nangoko bonke abasebenzi abangabalulekanga kwindawo leyo. Misela umjikelezo ojikeleze indawo yokuchitheka ukuthintela ukungena okungagunyaziswanga.

2. Isiqulatho: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulawula ukuchitheka ukuqulatha ukusasazeka kwe-sodium cyanide echithekileyo. Izinto zokufunxa zingasetyenziselwa ukufunxa ukuchitheka kolwelo, ngelixa isanti okanye ezinye izinto ezingasebenziyo zingasetyenziselwa ukugquma ukuchitheka okuqinileyo. Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi ukuhlamba ukuchitheka, njengoko oku kunokubangela ukwakheka kwegesi yehydrogen cyanide, enetyhefu egqithisileyo.

3. Ukungathathi cala: Ukuchitheka okuncinci, i-agent engathathi hlangothi efana ne-sodium hypochlorite ingasetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-sodium cyanide ibe yityhefu encinci. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ngokulandela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko.

4. Coca: Emva kokungathathi hlangothi, hlambulula ngokucophelela izinto ezichithekileyo kwaye uzibeke kwindawo efanelekileyo, izikhongozeli ezibhalwe ukuba zilahlwe. Indawo yokucoca kufuneka icocwe ngokucokisekileyo, kwaye yonke iPPE kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokucoca kufuneka zicocwe kakuhle kwaye zicocwe.

Kwimeko yetyhefu

1. Uncedo yokuqala: Ukuba umntu ukrokrelwa ukuba unetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide, susa ngokukhawuleza ixhoba kwindawo engcolileyo ukuya kumoya omtsha. Ukuba imichiza idibene nolusu, susa iimpahla ezingcolileyo kwaye uhlambulule ulusu ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eyi-15. Ukuba amehlo achaphazelekile, hlambulula ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eyi-15. Musa ukukugabha.

2. Unyango: Fowunela iinkonzo zonyango ezingxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Ixhoba linokufuna unyango kunye ne-antidotes ezifana ne-hydroxocobalamin okanye i-sodium nitrite / i-sodium thiosulfate. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ukuze umntu onetyhefu aqhubeke ephila.

Umlilo obandakanya i-sodium cyanide

1. Indlela yokucima umlilo: Sebenzisa izicimi-mlilo ezomileyo, isanti, okanye ICarbon Izicima-mlilo ze-dioxide ukulwa nemililo equka i-sodium cyanide. Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi, njengoko anokusabela kwi-sodium cyanide ukuvelisa igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide. Abacimi-mlilo kufuneka banxibe i-PPE epheleleyo, kuquka i-SCBA, baze basondele emlilweni besuka emoyeni.

2. Uvavanyo lweengozi: Jonga umoya ubukho begesi yehydrogen cyanide ngexesha nasemva komlilo. Phuma kwiindawo ezikufutshane ukuba i-gas concentration idlula amanqanaba akhuselekileyo. Emva kokuba umlilo ucinywe, uvavanye ngokucophelela umonakalo kwaye uhlambulule nayiphi na intsalela ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yokusingqongileyo.

Uqeqesho neMfundo

Bonke abasebenzi abanokuthi badibane ne-sodium cyanide, kubandakanywa nabasebenzi kwimveliso, ukugcinwa, ukuthutha, kunye namaqela okuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho oluqhelekileyo kwiipropati, iinkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko, kunye neendlela zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ezinxulumene ne-sodium cyanide. Uqeqesho kufuneka lubandakanye izandla - ukuziqhelanisa nokuphatha ukuchitheka, ukusebenzisa iPPE, kunye nokubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala. Iirekhodi zoqeqesho kufuneka zigcinwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa.

isiphelo

I-sodium cyanide yikhemikhali efuna inqanaba eliphezulu lokulumkisa kunye nokuthotyelwa okungqongqo kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko. Ngokulandela iiprothokholi ezifanelekileyo zokugcinwa, ukuphatha, kunye nokuthutha, kunye nezicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, iingozi ezinxulumene ne-sodium cyanide zingancitshiswa. Uqeqesho rhoqo kunye nokufundiswa kwabasebenzi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kunye nokukhusela impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo kwiingozi ezinokubakho zale khemikhali inetyhefu kakhulu.