Ityhefu yeCyanide: Iimbangela, iimpawu, kunye neMpendulo eNgxamisekileyo

I-Cyanide, ikhemikhali enobungozi kakhulu, ibisoloko ixhalabisa ngenxa yokuba inokubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze- cyanide , i-sodium cyanide ivelele njengeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu, edla ngokubandakanyeka kwiingozi zemizi-mveliso kwaye, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ityhefu ngabom. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide , iimpawu zayo, kunye nempendulo efanelekileyo engxamisekileyo kubalulekile ekukhuseleni ubomi kunye nokunciphisa imiphumo yexesha elide yale meko inokuba yingozi.

Ukuqonda iSodium Cyanide

I-Sodium cyanide sisixhobo esimhlophe, esikristale esinevumba elithambileyo elifana ne-almond. Sisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukumbiwa kwemigodi, ukufakelwa kwe-electroplating, kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali. Kwezi ndawo zoshishino, abasebenzi banokuchaphazeleka yi- Sodium Cyanide ngokuphefumla, ukunxibelelana nolusu, okanye ngokuginywa. Ukongeza, i-Sodium cyanide inokungena kwindalo esingqongileyo ngenkunkuma yemizi-mveliso kwaye ibe yingozi kuluntu ngokubanzi.

Xa i-sodium cyanide ingena emzimbeni, iyahlukana ibe yi-cyanide ion. Ezi ion zibophelela kwi-cytochrome c oxidase, i-enzyme eyimfuneko ekuphefumleni kweselula. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli azikwazi ukusebenzisa i-oksijini, ekhokelela ekuqaliseni ngokukhawuleza kweempawu.

Iimpawu zeSodium Cyanide Poisoning

Iimpawu zetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela kunye nobungakanani bokuvezwa. Iimpawu zokuqala zinokubandakanya:

1. Uxinzelelo lokuphefumla : Ukuphefumla okufutshane, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuziva ufuthanisekile ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuqala zetyhefu ye-cyanide. Njengoko imeko iqhubeka, izinga lokuphefumla lisenokucotha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekumisweni kokuphefumla.

2. Intloko ebuhlungu kunye nesiyezi : Amaxhoba adla ngokuba neentloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, isiyezi, kunye nokudideka. Kwezinye iimeko, anokulahlekelwa zingqondo.

3. Iziphumo zentliziyo : Ukutyhefa nge-cyanide kunokubangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungahambelaniyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, kwaye ekugqibeleni kumise intliziyo.

4. Iimpawu zesisu : Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye nentlungu yesisu nazo zidla ngokuxelwa.

Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza

1. Ukususwa kwangoko kwindawo ebangela ukuba umntu abonakale kuyo : Ukuba ityhefu yenzeka kwindawo yemizi-mveliso okanye kwindawo apho kukho i-cyanide, umntu ochaphazelekayo kufuneka asuswe ngokukhawuleza aye kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo. Kwimeko yokudibana nolusu, impahla engcolileyo kufuneka isuswe ngoko nangoko, kwaye indawo echaphazelekayo mayihlanjwe kakuhle ngamanzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15.

2. Fowunela uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo : Fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni (efana ne-911 eMelika) ngokukhawuleza. Nika umqhubi ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga netyhefu etyholwayo ye-cyanide, kuquka indawo, inani lamaxhoba, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakalayo.

3. Nika uncedo lokuqala : Ukuba ixhoba aliphefumuli, qalisa ukuvuselela intliziyo (CPR) ngoko nangoko. Ukuba ikhona, sebenzisa i-automated external defibrillator (AED) ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi.

4. Unyango esibhedlele : Esibhedlele, unyango oluphambili lwetyhefu ye-cyanide kukunikwa amayeza okulwa nezifo. I-Hydroxocobalamin liyeza elisetyenziswa rhoqo elibopha kwi-ion ye-cyanide, lenze i-compound engenabungozi kangako enokukhutshwa emzimbeni. I-Sodium thiosulfate inokunikwa ukuphucula inkqubo yendalo yokukhupha ukungcola emzimbeni.

uthintelo

1. Amanyathelo okhuseleko kwimizi-mveliso : Abaqeshi kwimizi-mveliso esebenzisa i-sodium cyanide kufuneka basebenzise amanyathelo okhuseleko angqongqo ukuthintela ukuvezwa. Oku kuquka ukubonelela abasebenzi ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela, ezifana nee-respirator kunye neeglavu, kunye nokuqhuba uqeqesho lokhuseleko rhoqo.

2. Ukubeka iliso kwindalo esingqongileyo : Ukubeka iliso kwindalo esingqongileyo ukuze kujongwe ungcoliseko lwe-cyanide kubalulekile, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezikufutshane nezakhiwo zoshishino. Ukuvavanywa rhoqo komoya, amanzi, nomhlaba kunokunceda ekufumaneni imithombo enokubakho yongcoliseko nokuthintela ukuvezwa ngokubanzi.

Ityhefu yesodium cyanide yimeko engxamisekileyo yonyango efuna ingqwalasela ekhawulezileyo. Ngokuqonda izizathu, iimpawu, kunye neenkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, abantu ngabanye banokuthatha amanyathelo asebenzayo ukuze bazikhusele kunye nabanye kwimeko yokuvezwa. Ukongeza, ukuphumeza amanyathelo othintelo kwiindawo zemizi-mveliso kunye nokubeka iliso kwendalo kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weziganeko ezinxulumene ne-cyanide.