Ukuphathwa ngokuNgxamisekileyo kweeNgozi zokuvuza kweSodium Cyanide

1. intshayelelo

Sodium i-cyanide yityhefu eninzi kwaye iyasebenza. Kwimeko apho a ingozi yokuvuza, bunokubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu, kwimekobume nakwimpahla. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba kubekho isicwangciso esicacileyo nesisebenzayo sokusabela kwimeko kaxakeka ukuze kusingathwe iimeko ezinjalo ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.

2. Impendulo engxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza

2.1 Isaziso kunye neAlam

• Ngokukhawuleza xa sodium cyanide ukuvuza kubhaqwe, inyathelo lokuqala kukwazisa abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo ngoko nangoko. Oku kuquka amaqela asekuhlaleni ajongene nonxunguphalo, ii-arhente zokukhusela indalo esingqongileyo, kunye nesebe lomlilo. Isixokelelwano se-alam sangaphakathi kufuneka sivulwe ngaphakathi kwiziko ukwazisa bonke abasebenzi.

• Nika ulwazi olucacileyo noluchanekileyo malunga nendawo yokuvuza, ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo be Isodium cyanide ababandakanyekayo, kunye nazo naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho ezifana nemithombo yamanzi ekufutshane okanye imithombo yokutshisa.

2.2 Ukufuduka

• Khupha bonke abasebenzi abangabalulekanga kwindawo engqonge indawo evuzayo. Ukuseka iperimeter ekhuselekileyo esekelwe ekunabeni okunokwenzeka kwento eyityhefu. Sebenzisa izandisi-lizwi, izilumkiso zongxamiseko, okanye ezinye iindlela zokunxibelelana ukwalathisa abantu kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo ezikhuselekileyo.

• Qinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi baqhelene neendlela zokuphuma kwangethuba ngoqeqesho oluqhelekileyo olungxamisekileyo. Ukubonelela ngoncedo kwabo bakhubazekileyo okanye abaneemfuno ezizodwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokufuduka.

3. Kwi-Siza yokuHamba imilinganiselo

3.1 Isiqulatho

• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuthintela ukuchitheka ukuthintela ukwanda Isodium cyanide. Ezi zixhobo ziqulethe izinto ezifunxayo ezifana ne-vermiculite, udongwe, okanye iipads ezikhethekileyo zokufunxa. Beka izinto ezifunxayo kwindawo evuzayo ukuze ufunxe ulwelo okanye uqulathe amasuntswana aqinileyo.

• Ukuchitheka kolwelo, yenza imiqobo usebenzisa iingxowa zesanti okanye ezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo ukunqanda ulwelo olungcolisekileyo ukuba lungaphunculi kwimibhobho, imizimba yamanzi, okanye kwezinye iindawo ezinovakalelo. Ukuba ukuvuza kwenzeka kwisakhiwo, vala iingcango kunye neefestile ukunciphisa ukusasazeka komphunga.

3.2 Ukungathathi hlangothi

• Kwezinye iimeko, i-neutralization ye-sodium cyanide inokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, xa usabela nge-hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), i-sodium cyanide inokuguqulwa ibe zizinto ezingenabungozi. Ii-equations zokusabela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Xa ihydrogen peroxide inqabile: NaCN + H₂O₂ = NaCNO + H₂O

• Xa ihydrogen peroxide igqithise: NaCN + H₂O₂ + H₂O = NaHCO₃+ NH₃

• Nangona kunjalo, ukungathathi hlangothi kufuneka kuqhutywe kuphela ngabaqeqeshi abaqeqeshiweyo abanezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko, njengoko ukusabela kunokuvelisa ubushushu kunye nemveliso enokuthi ibe yingozi.

3.3 Ukuqokelelwa nokuLahlwa

• Emva kokuvalelwa kunye nokungathathi hlangothi (ukuba kuyasebenza), qokelela ngokucophelela izinto ezingcolileyo zokufunxa kunye nayiphi na i-cyanide ye-sodium eseleyo. Zibeke kwizikhongozeli ezivaliweyo, ezibhalwe ngokukodwa ezenzelwe inkunkuma eyingozi.

• Lungiselela ukulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kwezinto eziqokelelweyo kusetyenziswa izibonelelo ezigunyazisiweyo zokulahla inkunkuma eyingozi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iinkqubo zokulahla ziyahambelana nemigaqo yemo engqongileyo yasekhaya, yesizwe neyezizwe ngezizwe.

4. Ukhuseleko lwaBasebenzi

4.1 Izixhobo zoKhuseleko zoMntu (PPE)

• Bonke abaphenduli bexesha likaxakeka kunye nabasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ekujonganeni nokuvuza kufuneka banxibe iPPE efanelekileyo. Oku kuquka iisuti zekhemikhali ezixhathisayo, iiglavu, iibhutsi, izixhobo zokuphefumla zobuso ezigcweleyo ezineekhatriji ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela icyanide, kunye nezibuko zokhuseleko.

• I-PPE kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo kwaye igcinwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwayo. Abasebenzi nabo kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngendlela yokunikela kunye nokuyikhupha ngokufanelekileyo iPPE ukunqanda ukuzosuleleka.

4.2 Uncedo lokuQala kunye noHlolo lwezoNyango

• Yiba neqela loncedo lokuqala kwindawo yokulinda kufutshane nendawo evuzayo. Kwimeko yokuvezwa kwe-cyanide, amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala akhawulezayo kufuneka athathwe. Iimpawu zetyhefu yecyanide ziquka intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ubuthathaka, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo kunye nokufa.

• Ukuba umntu uye wachanabeka kwisodium cyanide, yisuse kwindawo engcolisekileyo emoyeni omtsha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba ulusu lungcolisekile, susa iimpahla ezichaphazelekayo kwaye uhlambe ulusu ngokucokisekileyo ngamanzi ubuncinane ubuncinane be-15 - 20 imizuzu. Ukuba amehlo achaphazelekile, hlambulula ngamanzi amaninzi. Nika ioksijini ukuba ukuphefumla kunzima.

• Ukubekwa esweni kwezonyango kubasebenzi abasesichengeni kufuneka kuqhubeke ixesha elifanelekileyo, njengoko ezinye iziphumo zokuvezwa kwe-cyanide zinokulibaziseka.

5. Ukubeka iliso kokusiNgqongileyo

5.1 UkuHlolwa koMoya

• Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokubona igesi ukujonga ukuxinana kwegesi yehydrogen cyanide (HCN) emoyeni. I-HCN yigesi enetyhefu kakhulu enokukhutshwa xa i-sodium cyanide isabela kwiiasidi okanye kwiimeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo.

• Hlala ubeka esweni umgangatho womoya ngaphakathi nakwindawo ejikelezileyo kwindawo evuzayo, kwaye umisele imida ekhuselekileyo yokuba sesichengeni. Ukuba ukuxinwa kwe-HCN kudlula imida ekhuselekileyo, thatha amanyathelo ongezelelweyo afana nokunyusa umoya okanye ukukhupha ngakumbi indawo.

5.2 UkuJonga amanzi

• Ukuba ukuvuza kunamandla okungcolisa imithombo yamanzi, njengemilambo ekufutshane, amachibi, okanye amanzi aphantsi komhlaba, misela izikhululo zokuhlola amanzi. Vavanya amanzi oxinaniso lwecyanide ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo.

• Ukuphumeza imilinganiselo yokuthintela amanzi angcolisekileyo ukuba angangeni kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi. Oku kunokuquka ukuvala umthamo wamanzi, ukuphambukisa ukuhamba kwamanzi angcolileyo, okanye ukucocwa kwamanzi ukususa icyanide ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kunikezelo lwamanzi.

6. Isithuba - Ukulandelela Ingozi - Up

6.1 Uphando

• Yenza uphando olunzulu malunga nonobangela wengozi yokuvuza kwe-sodium cyanide. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlola ukugcinwa, ukuphatha, kunye neenkqubo zokuthutha ze-sodium cyanide ukuchonga naziphi na iintsilelo okanye ukuphulwa kwemimiselo yokhuseleko.

• Iziphumo zophando kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuphucula iinkqubo zokhuseleko kunye nokuthintela iingozi ezifanayo ukuba zenzeke kwixesha elizayo.

6.2 Ukubuyiselwa kokusingqongileyo

• Ukuba indawo engqongileyo iye yangcoliswa yi-sodium cyanide, phuhlisa kwaye usebenzise isicwangciso sokubuyisela indalo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulungiswa komhlaba, ukucocwa kwamanzi, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezichaphazelekayo.

• Ukubeka iliso kwinkqubela phambili yokubuyiselwa kokusingqongileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo echaphazelekayo ibuyela kwimeko ekhuselekileyo neyamkelekileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, i ukuphathwa ngexesha likaxakeka iingozi ezivuzayo ze-sodium cyanide zifuna inzame elungelelanisiweyo evela kumaqela amaninzi, ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye nokubeka iliso okuqhubekayo ukunciphisa impembelelo kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.