I-sodium cyanide ku-Heap Leaching: Isici Esibalulekile Ezimayini Zegolide

Emkhakheni wezimayini zanamuhla, i-Heap Leaching ivele njengendlela eyamukelwa kabanzi futhi engabizi kakhulu yokukhipha igolide kuma-ore asezingeni eliphansi. Phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zale nqubo, i-Cyanide , ikakhulukazi i-Sodium Cyanide (NaCN), idlala indima ebalulekile.

Ukubaluleka Kwesodium Cyanide Ekukhishweni Kwegolide

Izibalo zembula ukuthi i-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokukhipha igolide ezingaphezu kuka-80% . Leli zinga eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa ligcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo embonini yezimayini. Isibonelo, emayini eTanzania, ngemuva kokwethulwa kwe- Sodium cyanide njenge-leaching agent, kwabonakala ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo. Izinga lokubuyisa i-ore dressing lakhuphuka lisuka ku-60% laya ku-85%, futhi umkhiqizo nawo wanda kakhulu. Lezi zibalo azibonisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kahle kwe-sodium cyanide enqubweni yokuzuza kodwa futhi ziqokomisa indima yayo ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amazinga okubuyisa igolide kanye nomthamo wokukhiqiza.

I-Mechanism ye-Sodium Cyanide ku-Heap Leaching

Enqubweni yokucwilisa inqwaba, amatshe egolide ebanga eliphansi noma ama-flotation tailings anqwabelaniswa ephedini elakhiwe ngokukhethekile elingangeneki. Bese, isixazululo se-sodium cyanide sifafazwa phezu kwenqwaba ye-ore ngendlela eyi-cyclic. Lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo (ngokuvamile ovela emoyeni), i-sodium cyanide ihlangana negolide ensimbi. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngokuvamile kungavezwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: 4Au + 8NaCN + O₂+ 2H₂O = 4Na[Au(CN)₂]+ 4NaOH. Ngalokhu kusabela, igolide lakha inkimbinkimbi encibilikayo, i-sodium aurocyanide (Na[Au(CN)₂]), ebese incibilika esixazululo futhi ingaphinde itholakale.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa I-Sodium Cyanide Ku-Heap Leaching

1. Ukusebenza Kahle Okuphezulu : Njengoba kuboniswe esibonelweni semayini yaseTanzania, i-sodium cyanide ingancibilikisa igolide kuma-ore, okuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwesilinganiso sokubuyiselwa. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhipheni igolide kuma-ore asezingeni eliphansi kwenza i-heap leaching nge-sodium cyanide ibe yindlela efanelekile yezimayini ebeziyobhekwa njengezingafaneleki ngokwezimali.

2. Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko : Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokukhipha igolide, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ekukhucululeni inqwaba akubizi kakhulu. Izindleko eziphelele zenqubo yokukhipha inqwaba, okuhlanganisa nezindleko ze-sodium cyanide, zivame ukuba ziphansi kunezindlela zokukhipha eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nezinamandla. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuyisici esiyinhloko esifaka isandla ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabanzi embonini yezimayini.

Izinselele kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuqapha Ezihambisana Ne-Sodium Cyanide

1. Ubuthi : I-Sodium cyanide inobuthi obukhulu. Noma yikuphi ukuvuza noma ukuphathwa kabi kwesisombululo se-cyanide kungaba usongo olukhulu emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nezinqubo zokuvikela imvelo kumele zibe khona ngesikhathi sokugcina, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Izimayini kudingeka zibe nezinhlelo zokuvimba eziklanywe kahle ukuvimbela ukuchitheka kwe-cyanide kanye nezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zezixazululo zokungcola eziqukethe i-cyanide.

2. Ukuthobela Imithetho : Ngenxa yobuthi bayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuncike emithethweni eqinile emazweni amaningi. Izinkampani zezimayini kumele zilandele le mithethonqubo ephathelene nokugcinwa, ukuphathwa, kanye nokulahlwa kwe-cyanide. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqapha njalo amazinga e-cyanide ekungcoleni kwemfucuza nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo ezivunyelwe.

Sengiphetha, i-sodium cyanide iyi-reagent ebalulekile enqubweni yokukhishwa kwenqwaba yokumbiwa kwegolide. Ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nezindleko - ukusebenza kahle kuyenza ibe ukukhetha okuncanyelwayo kokukhipha igolide kuma-ore wezinga eliphansi. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi obuhambisanayo kanye nezidingo zokulawula zidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kanye nokulandelwa okuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwezimayini okuzinzile nokuphephile.