Yakananga Electrowinning yeGoridhe kubva kuCyanide Solution

ziviso

Kubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo esimbi kwagara kuri nzira huru yekubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo. Mushure mekubviswa kwegoridhe kubva mu cyanide , goridhe rinowanikwa mu cyanide solution , inozivikanwa se pregnant leach solution. Nenzira yekare, nzira dzakadai seCarbon adsorption (senge Carbon-in-Column - CIC process) uye zinc cementation (Merrill Crowe process) dzakashandiswa kuwana goridhe kubva mumhinduro iyi. Zvisinei, kuwana goridhe zvakananga kubva mumhinduro dze cyanide kwave kuri imwe nzira inovimbisa, ichipa mabhenefiti akati wandei maererano nekushanda zvakanaka, mutengo, uye kukanganisa nharaunda.

Iyo Nheyo yeDirect Electrowinning

Kuhwina electro zvakananga inzira ye electrochemical. Muchirevo chekubviswa kwegoridhe kubva mu cyanide solutions, kana magetsi emagetsi apfuudzwa nemu cyanide solution ine goridhe muchimiro che aurocyanide complexes ( Au(CN)_2^- ), zvinotevera zvinoitika pama electrodes:

• Pa cathode : Au(CN)_2^- + e^- \rightarrow Au + 2CN^-

Ioni dzegoridhe mu aurocyanide complex inowana erekitironi uye inoiswa segoridhe resimbi pane cathode pamusoro.

• Paanode : Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, oxidation yemvura kana oxidation yemamwe marudzi ari mumushonga inogona kuitika. Semuenzaniso, 2H_2O \rightarrow O_2 + 4H^+ + 4e^-

Zvakanakira Direct Electrowinning

1. Kureruka : Zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro ematanho akawanda akadai sekunyudzwa kwekabhoni kunoteverwa nekudzikiswa uye kuhwina electro (munyaya yeCIC), kuhwina electro zvakananga kunoderedza huwandu hwemabasa eyuniti. Izvi zvinoita kuti kufamba kwese kwese kuve nyore, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa nekugadzirisa.

2. Kushanda zvakanaka kwemutengo : Nematanho mashoma ekuita zvinhu, pane mukana wekudzikira kwemari yekushandisa uye mari yekushandisa. Hapana chikonzero chekudyara mari muzvivakwa zvakakura zvekugadzirisa kabhoni (sezvakaita muCIC) kana kutenga huwandu hwakawanda hwezinc powder (sezvakaita muMerrill Crowe process).

3. Chigadzirwa Chekuchena Kwakanyanya : Kuiswa kwemagetsi zvakananga kwegoridhe kunogona kukonzera goridhe rakachena kwazvo pa cathode. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kudiwa kwemabasa akawanda ekuchenesa pasi, zvichichengetedza mari yakawanda.

4. Zvakanakira Zvakatipoteredza : Nekubvisa kushandiswa kwezinc muMerrill Crowe process, kunobva kwaita kuti marara ane zinc asashande zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, kurerutsa maitiro aya kunogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwemakemikari uye kugadzirwa kwemarara.

Maitiro Kufunga

1. Kuwanda kwegoridhe mu cyanide solution : Kuwanda kwegoridhe mu cyanide solution chinhu chakakosha. Kunyange zvazvo electrowinning yakananga ichigona kushandiswa kune mhinduro dzine huwandu hwakasiyana hwegoridhe, kuwanda kwakanyanya kunowanzoita kuti pave nekuwanda kwegoridhe. Zvisinei, kuwanda kwegoridhe kwakakwira kunogona kuda magadzirirwo chaiwo e electrode kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yakaenzana.

2. Zvinhu zveElectrode : Kusarudza zvinhu zveelectrode kwakakosha. Uswa hwesimbi husina ngura hunowanzo shandiswa sechigadzirwa checathode nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo yakakwirira, izvo zvinoita kuti ive negoridhe rakakwana. Kune anode, zvinhu zvisingakanganiswe nengura mu cyanide solution, zvakaita seanode dzakagadzikana (DSA), zvinofarirwa.

3. pH neTembiricha : pH yemushonga wecyanide inofanira kudzorwa nokungwarira. pH ine alkaline zvishoma inowanzo chengetedzwa kudzivirira kuparara kwecyanide. Tembiricha yemushonga inogonawo kukanganisa mwero we electrowinning, tembiricha yakakwira inowanzo wedzera reaction rate asi inogonawo kuwedzera njodzi yekuparara kwecyanide.

Maitiro Kuyerera

1. Kugadzirira Mhinduro : Mushonga wecyanide leach une mimba unobva mu heap leaching kana mamwe maitiro e cyanidation unotanga warapwa usati watanga. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kusefa kuti ubvise zvinhu zvakasungirirwa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro e electrowinning uye kukonzera mapfupi pakati pema electrodes.

2. Sero Rinokunda Nemagetsi : Mushonga wakagadziriswa usati wagadzirwa unozoiswa musero rinokunda nemagetsi. Sero racho rine anode ne cathode. Kana magetsi ashandiswa, goridhe rinotanga kuwira pa cathode.

3. Kudzorerwa Kwegoridhe : Kana goridhe rakawanda raiswa pa cathode, cathode inobviswa musero. Goridhe rinogona kubviswa kubva mu cathode nenzira yemakanika kana yemakemikari, zvichienderana nemhando ye cathode. Goridhe rakabviswa rinozowedzerwa kunatswa kuti riwane goridhe rakachena kwazvo.

Zvinetso uye Ramangwana Maonero

1. Kutarisira Cyanide : Kunyangwe kuhwina goridhe zvakananga kuchipa zvakanakira, kushandiswa kwecyanide mukutora goridhe kuchiri kukonzera njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedzeka. Tsvagiridzo yeramangwana inogona kutarisa pakubatanidza kuhwina goridhe zvakananga nenzira dzakasiyana, dzisina chepfu.

2. Kushandiswa Kwesimba : Maitiro ekuwana magetsi anoda simba rakawanda remagetsi. Kugadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi zvinoshanda nesimba rakawanda uye magadzirirwo emasero inzvimbo yekutsvagisa inoshanda.

3. Kukwanisa Kukura : Sezvineiwo nechero tekinoroji iri kubuda, kuwedzera kuhwina kwemagetsi zvakananga kubva pakushanda kwerabhoritari kusvika kumaindasitiri kunofanirwa kugadziriswa nekungwarira kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro anoenderana uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari.

Kuwana goridhe zvakananga kubva mumhinduro dzecyanide kunomiririra kufambira mberi kukuru kwetekinoroji muindasitiri yekuchera goridhe. Nekutsvaga kwakawedzerwa nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzirisa matambudziko aripo, ine mukana wekuva nzira huru yekudzoreredza goridhe munguva pfupi iri kutevera.