Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinokanganisa Goridhe Cyanidation Leaching

Kubvisa goridhe kubva mukugadzira goridhe kubva mukugadzira goridhe, inzira inokosha muindasitiri yekuchera goridhe, inosanganisira kunyungudutsa goridhe mumvura ine cyanide kuti simbi iyi ibudiswe. Kunyange zvazvo ichibudirira zvikuru, kushanda kwenzira iyi kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakakosha izvo mainjiniya nevashandi vekuchera vanofanira kudzora nekungwarira. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha pakuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kwegoridhe uye kuderedza mari yekushandisa.

1. Cyanide Concentration

Kuwanda kwecyanide mumushonga wekuburitsa goridhe ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoratidza kushanda zvakanaka kwegoridhe. Maion eCyanide anoumba makemikari akagadzikana negoridhe, zvichiita kuti inyungudike. Kazhinji, kuwedzera kweCyanide kunowedzera mwero wekuburitsa goridhe. Zvisinei, hukama uhwu hausi hwakatwasuka. Pahuwandu hwakaderera, kuomarara kunoitika, zvichikonzera kupera kwegoridhe kusina kukwana. Kusiyana neizvi, kuwanda kwecyanide kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwemari yekushanda, njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwekubuda kwecyanide, uye kukanganiswa kwemaitiro ekutora goridhe anotevera.

Kazhinji, cyanide concentration ye0.01% - 0.1% inokurudzirwa kune akawanda egoridhe ores. Kune refractory ores ine yakaoma mineralogical compements, yakakwira yekumisikidza inogona kudikanwa, asi izvi zvinoda kunyatsotariswa kuenzanisa kudhirowa kwekuita nemamiriro ekunze nehupfumi.

2. pH Nhamba yePulp

Kuchengeta yakafanira pH level mucyanidation pulp kwakakosha pakuparara kwegoridhe. Cyanide mhinduro dzakanyanya pH - dzinonzwa; pa low pH values, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), inoputika uye ine muchetura musanganiswa, inoumba, inoderedza kuwanikwa kweemahara cyanide ions yekuumbwa kwegoridhe. Pamusoro pezvo, acidic mamiriro anogona kukonzera kuparara kwezvimwe zvicherwa, sedare nemhangura, izvo zvinogona kudya cyanide uye kukanganisa kutorwa kwegoridhe.

Nzvimbo ine alkaline zvishoma, ine pH yemhando ye10 - 11. ndiyo yakakwana kune goridhe cyanidation. Lime inowanzo shandiswa se pH regulator nekuda kwekushanda kwayo mukuchengetedza alkalinity, mutengo - kushanda zvakanaka, uye kugona kwayo kudzvanyirira oxidation yemaminerari esulfide ayo aigona kukwikwidza negoridhe kune cyanide.

3. Oxygen Supply

Oxygen ndiyo yakakosha inopindirana mune yegoridhe cyanidation process, kufambisa oxidation yegoridhe kuumba goridhe rinonyungudika - cyanide complexes. Okisijeni yakakwana inopa zvakanyanya kuwedzera mwero wekuparara kwegoridhe. Mukushaikwa kweokisijeni yakakwana, chiyero chekuita chakanyanya kushomeka, zvichiita kuti goridhe ridzike kupora.

Nzira dzekuita kuti okisijeni iwanikwe dzinosanganisira kuvhiringika kwemhepo, jekiseni reokisijeni, uye kushandisa maoxidizing agents. Mhepo kubvongodza ndiyo yakajairika uye inodhura-inoshanda nzira, asi kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka, kunyanya muhukuru - mashandiro, jekiseni reokisijeni rakachena rinogona kushandiswa. Sarudzo yeokisijeni yekupa nzira inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semhando yeore, huwandu hwechirimwa, uye kugona kwehupfumi.

4. Particle Kukura kweOre

Ukuru hwechidimbu cheore hunoita basa rakakosha mukuita cyanidation. Madiki madiki saizi anowedzera nzvimbo inowanikwa yekuita pakati pegoridhe uye cyanide mhinduro, ichimhanyisa mwero wekunyungudika. Nekudaro, kunyanyisa kugaya kuti uwane yakanyanya kunaka particle sizes kunodhura yakakwira simba uye zvinogona kukonzera kugadzirwa kwemasiraimu, ayo anogona kukanganisa goridhe - cyanide yakaoma kuumbwa uye kunotevera kwakasimba - kuparadzaniswa kwemvura.

Chiyero chinofanira kurohwa; kazhinji, kukuya simbi kusvika pakukura uko 80 - 90% yezvidimbu zvinopfuura 74 - μm sieve (200 - mesh) inoonekwa seyakanaka kune yakawanda goridhe cyanidation mashandiro. Izvi zvinogonesa kuratidzwa kwakaringana kwenzvimbo uku uchichengeta kushandiswa kwesimba uye kugadzirwa kwe slime mukutarisa.

5. Kupisa

Tembiricha inokanganisa kinetics yegoridhe cyanidation reaction. Kupisa kwepamusoro kunowanzo wedzera chiyero chekuita, sezvo vachipa mamwe kinetic simba kune reactant mamorekuru, ichimhanyisa kuumbwa kwegoridhe - cyanide complexes. Nekudaro, tembiricha dzakakwirira dzinowedzerawo kushata kwecyanide, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwecyanide uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika.

Mukuita, goridhe cyanidation inowanzoitwa pane ambient tembiricha nekuda kwekutengeserana - kubva pakati pekuita chiyero chekusimudzira uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide. Kune mamwe maore kana mumabasa ane hunyanzvi, tembiricha iri pakati nepakati (kusvika 40 - 50°C) inogona kushandiswa kunatsiridza hunyanzvi hwekuchera uku uchinyatso gadzirisa cyanide evaporation uye chengetedzo protocol.

6. Mineralogical Kuumbwa kweOre

Kuvapo kwemaminerari akasiyana mune ore kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya goridhe cyanidation. Sulfide zvicherwa, senge pyrite uye arsenopyrite, inogona kuita ne cyanide uye oksijeni, inopedza reagents uye kuderedza goridhe kudhirowa kushanda zvakanaka. Mamwe mamineral anogonawo kugadzira zvisinganyunguriki negoridhe kana cyanide, kudzivirira kuumbwa kwegoridhe rinonyungudika - cyanide complexes.

Pre-maitirwo ekurapa, senge kugocha, kudzvanywa oxidation, kana bio-oxidation, inogona kushandiswa kuputsa zvicherwa zvinoramba uye kuburitsa goridhe rakavharika, kuwedzera kushanda kwecyanidation. Kunzwisisa iyo chaiyo mineralogy yeore kwakakosha pakusarudza nzira dzakakodzera dzekurapa uye kugadzirisa maitiro ecyanidation.

Mukupedzisa, kucheneswa kwegoridhe rakagadzirwa necyanidation inzira yakaoma inokonzereswa nezvinhu zvakawanda zvine chekuita. Nekunyatso dzora huwandu hwecyanide, pH yepulp, kuwanikwa kweokisijeni, saizi yezvidimbu zveore, tembiricha, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko emamineralogical eare, mabasa ekuchera anogona kuwedzera kudzoreredzwa kwegoridhe, kuvandudza kudzoka kwehupfumi, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti nharaunda inogara kwenguva refu. Tsvagiridzo inoenderera mberi uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji munharaunda iyi chinangwa chekuvandudza maitiro aya uye kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvine chekuita nenzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira goridhe rakagadzirwa necyanidation.