Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinokanganisa Goridhe Cyanidation Leaching

Goridhe cyanidation leaching, nzira yekona muindasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe, inosanganisira kunyungudutsa goridhe mumvura ine mvura. cyanide mhinduro yekubvisa simbi yakakosha. Kunyange ichishanda zvakanyanya, kushanda kwenzira iyi kuri pasi pezvinhu zvakati wandei zvakakosha izvo mainjiniya emigodhi nevashandisi vanofanirwa kudzora zvine hungwaru. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha pakugadzirisa goridhe kudzoreredza uye kuderedza mari yekushandisa.

1. Cyanide Concentration

Iko kusungirirwa kwe cyanide mumhinduro yeLeaching ndiyo yekutanga gadziriso yekuburitsa goridhe kushanda zvakanaka. Cyanide ions inogadzira zvivakwa zvakatsiga negoridhe, zvichiita kuti iparare. Kazhinji, kuwedzera Cyanide concentration inowedzera kutorwa kwegoridhe. Zvisinei, hukama uhwu hahuna mutsara. Pazvishoma zvishoma, kusakwana kwakaoma kunoitika, zvichiita kuti goridhe riparadzwe. Sezvineiwo, yakawandisa yakakwira cyanide mazinga anogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwemitengo yekushanda, njodzi kwezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwekugona kudonha kwecyanide, uye kuvhiringidzwa neanotevera maitiro ekudzoreredza goridhe.

Kazhinji, cyanide concentration ye0.01% - 0.1% inokurudzirwa kune akawanda egoridhe ores. Kune refractory ores ine yakaoma mineralogical compements, yakakwira yekumisikidza inogona kudikanwa, asi izvi zvinoda kunyatsotariswa kuenzanisa kudhirowa kwekuita nemamiriro ekunze nehupfumi.

2. pH Nhamba yePulp

Kuchengeta yakafanira pH level mucyanidation pulp kwakakosha pakuparara kwegoridhe. Cyanide mhinduro dzakanyanya pH - dzinonzwa; pa low pH values, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), inoputika uye ine muchetura musanganiswa, inoumba, inoderedza kuwanikwa kweemahara cyanide ions yekuumbwa kwegoridhe. Pamusoro pezvo, acidic mamiriro anogona kukonzera kuparara kwezvimwe zvicherwa, sedare nemhangura, izvo zvinogona kudya cyanide uye kukanganisa kutorwa kwegoridhe.

Nzvimbo ine alkaline zvishoma, ine pH yemhando ye10 - 11. ndiyo yakakwana kune goridhe cyanidation. Lime inowanzo shandiswa se pH regulator nekuda kwekushanda kwayo mukuchengetedza alkalinity, mutengo - kushanda zvakanaka, uye kugona kwayo kudzvanyirira oxidation yemaminerari esulfide ayo aigona kukwikwidza negoridhe kune cyanide.

3. Oxygen Supply

Oxygen ndiyo yakakosha inopindirana mune yegoridhe cyanidation process, kufambisa oxidation yegoridhe kuumba goridhe rinonyungudika - cyanide complexes. Okisijeni yakakwana inopa zvakanyanya kuwedzera mwero wekuparara kwegoridhe. Mukushaikwa kweokisijeni yakakwana, chiyero chekuita chakanyanya kushomeka, zvichiita kuti goridhe ridzike kupora.

Nzira dzekuita kuti okisijeni iwanikwe dzinosanganisira kuvhiringika kwemhepo, jekiseni reokisijeni, uye kushandisa maoxidizing agents. Mhepo kubvongodza ndiyo yakajairika uye inodhura-inoshanda nzira, asi kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka, kunyanya muhukuru - mashandiro, jekiseni reokisijeni rakachena rinogona kushandiswa. Sarudzo yeokisijeni yekupa nzira inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semhando yeore, huwandu hwechirimwa, uye kugona kwehupfumi.

4. Particle Kukura kweOre

Ukuru hwechidimbu cheore hunoita basa rakakosha mukuita cyanidation. Madiki madiki saizi anowedzera nzvimbo inowanikwa yekuita pakati pegoridhe uye cyanide mhinduro, ichimhanyisa mwero wekunyungudika. Nekudaro, kunyanyisa kugaya kuti uwane yakanyanya kunaka particle sizes kunodhura yakakwira simba uye zvinogona kukonzera kugadzirwa kwemasiraimu, ayo anogona kukanganisa goridhe - cyanide yakaoma kuumbwa uye kunotevera kwakasimba - kuparadzaniswa kwemvura.

Chiyero chinofanira kurohwa; kazhinji, kukuya simbi kusvika pakukura uko 80 - 90% yezvidimbu zvinopfuura 74 - μm sieve (200 - mesh) inoonekwa seyakanaka kune yakawanda goridhe cyanidation mashandiro. Izvi zvinogonesa kuratidzwa kwakaringana kwenzvimbo uku uchichengeta kushandiswa kwesimba uye kugadzirwa kwe slime mukutarisa.

5. Kupisa

Tembiricha inokanganisa kinetics yegoridhe cyanidation reaction. Kupisa kwepamusoro kunowanzo wedzera chiyero chekuita, sezvo vachipa mamwe kinetic simba kune reactant mamorekuru, ichimhanyisa kuumbwa kwegoridhe - cyanide complexes. Nekudaro, tembiricha dzakakwirira dzinowedzerawo kushata kwecyanide, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwecyanide uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika.

Mukuita, goridhe cyanidation inowanzoitwa pane ambient tembiricha nekuda kwekutengeserana - kubva pakati pekuita chiyero chekusimudzira uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide. Kune mamwe maore kana mumabasa ane hunyanzvi, tembiricha iri pakati nepakati (kusvika 40 - 50°C) inogona kushandiswa kunatsiridza hunyanzvi hwekuchera uku uchinyatso gadzirisa cyanide evaporation uye chengetedzo protocol.

6. Mineralogical Kuumbwa kweOre

Kuvapo kwemaminerari akasiyana mune ore kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya goridhe cyanidation. Sulfide zvicherwa, senge pyrite uye arsenopyrite, inogona kuita ne cyanide uye oksijeni, inopedza reagents uye kuderedza goridhe kudhirowa kushanda zvakanaka. Mamwe mamineral anogonawo kugadzira zvisinganyunguriki negoridhe kana cyanide, kudzivirira kuumbwa kwegoridhe rinonyungudika - cyanide complexes.

Pre-maitirwo ekurapa, senge kugocha, kudzvanywa oxidation, kana bio-oxidation, inogona kushandiswa kuputsa zvicherwa zvinoramba uye kuburitsa goridhe rakavharika, kuwedzera kushanda kwecyanidation. Kunzwisisa iyo chaiyo mineralogy yeore kwakakosha pakusarudza nzira dzakakodzera dzekurapa uye kugadzirisa maitiro ecyanidation.

Mukupedzisa, Goridhe cyanidation leaching chirongwa chakaoma chinopesvedzerwa nezvakawanda zvakabatana zvinhu. Nekunyatso kudzora cyanide concentration, pulp pH, oxygen kupihwa, ore particle size, tembiricha, uye kugadzirisa ore mineralogical matambudziko, mashandiro emigodhi anogona kukwirisa kudzoreredza goridhe, kunatsiridza kudzoka kwehupfumi, uye kuona kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mune ino ndima inovavarira kuenderera mberi nekunatsiridza maitiro aya uye kukunda zvipimo zvine chekuita netsika dzegoridhe cyanidation nzira.