Ulwazi oluqhelekileyo malunga ne-cyanide sodium extraction yegolide onokuthi ungazi

Kwihlabathi lokumbiwa kwegolide, inkqubo yokukhupha iCyanide yindlela ebalulekileyo esetyenziswayo ukubuyisa igolide kwi-ore. Nangona abaninzi besenokuba baqhelene negama elithi "cyanide," ubunzima bokusetyenziswa kwayo ekukhupheni igolide budla ngokunganakwa. Eli nqaku lijolise ekukhanyiseni ulwazi oluqhelekileyo olujikeleze iSodium cyanide kunye nendima yayo kwinkqubo yokukhupha iGolide , ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda okubanzi kwale ndlela ibalulekileyo.

Inkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide yeCyanide

Inkqubo yokukhupha igolide ye-cyanide ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela abalulekileyo, ngalinye lifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparameter ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo. Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka zijongwe ziquka uxinano lwe-cyanide, uxinano lwe-oksijini, i-alkalinity, kunye nexesha elifunekayo lokunyibilika. Ezi zinto zibalulekile ekufezekiseni umgangatho ofunekayo wokubuyiselwa kweGolide.

1. Ukuhluza: Inyathelo lokuqala kule nkqubo kukuhluza, apho igolide eqinileyo inyibilikiswa kwisisombululo se-cyanide esineoksijini. Esi sisombululo sivumela ukukhutshwa kwegolide kwi-ore, ukuze yahlulwe ngempumelelo kwezinye iiminerali.

2. Ukuhlamba: Emva kokuhluza, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuhlamba. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukubuyisa isisombululo esinegolide emva kokuhluza kunye nokuhlamba igolide enyibilikisiweyo kumphezulu wamasuntswana e-ore. Injongo kukufezekisa ukwahlulwa kolwelo oluqinileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba igolide ikhutshiwe ngokufanelekileyo kwizinto eziseleyo.

3. Ukutshintshwa: Inyathelo lokugqibela kwinkqubo yokukhupha kukutshintshwa, apho isisombululo esinegolide siphathwa nge-zinc yesinyithi. Eli nyathelo liyanciphisa kwaye linciphise igolide, livumela ukuba ibuyiselwe kwimo eqinileyo.

IiCompounds eziphambili kwiCyanide Gold Extraction

Iikhompawundi ezimbini eziphambili zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide ye-cyanide: i-cyanide kunye ne-alkali ekhuselayo.

1. ICyanide

I-Cyanide yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhuhla. Kwimisebenzi yemizi-mveliso, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-cyanide, kuquka i-Potassium cyanide (KCN), i-sodium cyanide (NaCN), i-Calcium cyanide [Ca(CN)2], kunye ne -Ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Phakathi kwezi, i-sodium cyanide yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kunye nokufumaneka kwayo.

Isodium cyanide ngumgubo omhlophe onetyhefu kakhulu odla ngokuveliswa ngendlela engqukuva okanye yebhloko ukuze kube lula ukuphatha. Amandla ayo njengearhente yokukhupha amanzi ayenza ibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide, kodwa ikwafuna imigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo ukunciphisa umngcipheko onxulumene nobutyhefu bayo.

2. Ialkali ekhuselayo

Indima ye-alkali ekhuselayo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide ye-cyanide ayikwazi ukuchithwa. Injongo ephambili yokongeza i-alkali yokukhusela kukugcina ukuzinza kwesisombululo se-cyanide kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-cyanide nge-hydrolysis. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inkqubo yokufundisa ihlala isebenza kakuhle kwaye isebenza ngempumelelo.

I-alkali ekhuselayo yongezwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lesigaba sokuvuza okanye ngexesha lokugaya i-cyanide ore. Kwiimeko apho ukubunjwa kwe-ore kuyinkimbinkimbi kwaye kuqulethe iiminerali ezifana ne-pyrrhotite, enokuthi ibe yingozi kwinkqubo ye-cyanide, ukongezwa kwezixhobo ezikhuselayo ze-alkali kwi-oxidation okanye imvula yale minerali eyingozi. Oku akugcini nje ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokukhutshwa kodwa kukwanegalelo kukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo komsebenzi.

isiphelo

Inkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide yecyanide yindlela entsonkothileyo efuna ukuqonda okunzulu konxibelelwano lweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo kunye neeparamitha zokusebenza. Isodium cyanide, njengenxalenye ephambili, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni ngempumelelo igolide kwintsimbi ekrwada. Ngokulawula izinto ezinje ngoxinaniso lwecyanide, amanqanaba eoksijini, ialkalinity, kunye nexesha lokucubungula, imisebenzi yemigodi inokwandisa iinzame zabo zokutsalwa kwegolide.

Ngaphezu koko, ukubaluleka kwe-alkali ekhuselayo ekuzinziseni isisombululo se-cyanide kunye nokunciphisa imiphumo yeeminerali ezinobungozi ayinakuhoywa. Njengoko ishishini lezimayini liqhubeleka nokuvela, ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo ezi nkqubo kunye neekhompawundi kuya kuba yimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni izenzo zokumbiwa kwegolide ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo, nezinoxanduva kokusingqongileyo.

Isishwankathelo, ngelixa i-sodium cyanide ihlala ijongwa nge-lens yobutyhefu bayo, ukubaluleka kwayo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokufumana ulwazi oluqhelekileyo olujikeleze le ndlela, abachaphazelekayo kushishino lwemigodi banokujonga ngcono ukuntsonkotha kokufunyanwa kwegolide kwaye babe negalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezenzo zemigodi.