Iqhaza Elibalulekile kanye Nezinzuzo Zokuvuzwa Kwamathangi Ekucutshungulweni Kwezimbiwa

1. Isingeniso Sethangi Leaching

Amathangi agelezayo ami njengemishini edingekayo embonini yokucubungula izimbiwa. Badlala indima ebalulekile ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa kwensimbi. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthintana okusondelene phakathi kwama-ores kanye ama-leaching agents, amathangi avuzayo khipha ngempumelelo izinsimbi ezibalulekile emayini. Ukuklanywa nokusebenza kwamathangi okuvuza kunomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kahle kokucwiliswa kwensimbi kanye namazinga okubuyisela insimbi, okugcizelela ukubaluleka kwawo ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa.

2. Izimiso Zokusebenza Zokuvuza Amathangi

Umgomo oyisisekelo wamathangi agelezayo ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi kuma-ore zibe izixazululo ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Imvamisa, ama-ores ayagaywa futhi agaye ukuze afinyelele usayizi wezinhlayiyana ofanele wokukhipha amanzi. Kamuva, ama-ores adluliselwa emathangini avuzayo futhi ahlanganiswe nama-leaching agents afana I-sodium cyanide noma i-sulfuric acid. Lawa ma-ejenti ancibilikisa izinsimbi ezinsimbini ngokuhlangana kwamakhemikhali, enze izixazululo ze-metal-ion. Okokugcina, izinsimbi zikhishwa ezixazululweni ngokuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile kanye nezinqubo zokubuyisela insimbi.

3. Izinhlobo zamathangi aLeaching

Ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zezinqubo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezakhiwo ze-ore, amathangi a-leaching angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana:

3.1 Amathangi Avuzayo Angaguquki

Amathangi okugezwa angaguquki ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukucubungula amaqoqo amancane e-ore. Afaka isakhiwo esilula futhi kulula ukusebenza.

3.2 Amathangi Avuzayo Avuzayo

Amathangi avuzayo anyakaziswayo asebenzisa ukunyakazisa kwemishini ukuze axube kahle ama-ore nama-ejenti agelezayo, athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuleaching. Zilungele kahle ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu.

3.3 Amathangi Avuzayo

Amathangi akhipha igesi ethula amagesi, njenge-oxygen, ukusheshisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise isivinini sokuvuza nokusebenza kahle.

4. Izinzuzo Leaching Tanks

Amathangi aLeaching anikezela ngezinzuzo eziningi ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa, ukuwasungula njengemishini ebalulekile embonini yezimayini:

4.1 Amazinga Aphakeme Okubuyisela Insimbi

Amathangi agelezayo akhulisa ukusetshenziswa kokusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuze kukhishwe izinsimbi ezinsimbini ngendlela efanele, okwandisa kakhulu amazinga okubuyisela insimbi.

4.2 Ukusebenza Okulula

Amathangi avuzayo alula ukusebenza, ukulawula, nokugcina, okuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zokucubungula izimbiwa zabo bonke osayizi.

4.3 Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile

Amathangi agelezayo angenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze ahlangabezane nezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene ze-ore kanye nezidingo zenqubo, okubonisa ukuguquguquka okuqinile.

5. Izibonelo Zokusebenza Zamathangi Okuvuzayo

Amathangi aleaching athola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekukhiqizeni komhlaba wangempela. Isibonelo, ekucutshungulweni kwe-ore yegolide, amathangi okucwilisa asetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-cyanide izinqubo, kuphi I-Sodium Cyanide izixazululo zincibilikisa igolide ematsheni. Ekucutshungulweni kwe-ore yethusi, izinqubo ze-sulfuric acid leaching emathangini asetshenziselwa ukukhipha ithusi ku-ores. Lezi zibonelo ziyibonisa ngokusobala indima ebalulekile yokucwiliswa kwamathangi ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa.

6. Isiphetho

Njengemishini ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa, amathangi agelezayo anikeza amanani aphezulu okubuyisela insimbi, ukusebenza kalula, nokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwabo okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqamba okusha kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukucutshungulwa kwezimbiwa, kube nesandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwemboni yezimayini.