Iqhaza Elibalulekile kanye Nezinzuzo Zokuvuzwa Kwamathangi Ekucutshungulweni Kwezimbiwa

1. Isingeniso Sethangi Leaching

Amathangi okukhipha amanzi asebenza njengemishini ebalulekile embonini yokucubungula amaminerali. Adlala indima ebalulekile ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha amanzi amaminerali. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthintana okuseduze phakathi kwamatshe amaminerali kanye nama-leaching agents , amathangi okukhipha amanzi amaminerali akhipha izinsimbi ezibalulekile kumatshe amaminerali ngempumelelo. Ukwakheka nokusebenza kwamathangi okukhipha amanzi kunomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhipha amanzi amaminerali kanye namazinga okubuyisa insimbi, okugcizelela ukubaluleka kwawo ekucutshungulweni kwamaminerali.

2. Izimiso Zokusebenza Zokuvuza Amathangi

Umgomo oyisisekelo wamatangi okukhipha insimbi ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi eziku-ore zibe yizixazululo ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ngokuvamile, ama-ore ayachotshozwa futhi agaywe ukuze afinyelele usayizi wezinhlayiya ezifanele zokukhipha insimbi. Ngemva kwalokho, ama-ore adluliselwa kumatangi okukhipha insimbi futhi axutshwe nama-agent okukhipha insimbi njenge- Sodium cyanide noma i-sulfuric acid. Lawa ma-agent ancibilikisa izinsimbi eziku-ore ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, akha izixazululo ze-metal-ion. Ekugcineni, izinsimbi zikhishwa ezixazululweni ngokusebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile kanye nezinqubo zokubuyisa insimbi.

3. Izinhlobo zamathangi aLeaching

Ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zezinqubo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezakhiwo ze-ore, amathangi a-leaching angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana:

3.1 Amathangi Avuzayo Angaguquki

Amathangi okugezwa angaguquki ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukucubungula amaqoqo amancane e-ore. Afaka isakhiwo esilula futhi kulula ukusebenza.

3.2 Amathangi Avuzayo Avuzayo

Amathangi avuzayo anyakaziswayo asebenzisa ukunyakazisa kwemishini ukuze axube kahle ama-ore nama-ejenti agelezayo, athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuleaching. Zilungele kahle ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu.

3.3 Amathangi Avuzayo

Amathangi akhipha igesi ethula amagesi, njenge-oxygen, ukusheshisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise isivinini sokuvuza nokusebenza kahle.

4. Izinzuzo Leaching Tanks

Amathangi aLeaching anikezela ngezinzuzo eziningi ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa, ukuwasungula njengemishini ebalulekile embonini yezimayini:

4.1 Amazinga Aphakeme Okubuyisela Insimbi

Amathangi agelezayo akhulisa ukusetshenziswa kokusabela kwamakhemikhali ukuze kukhishwe izinsimbi ezinsimbini ngendlela efanele, okwandisa kakhulu amazinga okubuyisela insimbi.

4.2 Ukusebenza Okulula

Amathangi avuzayo alula ukusebenza, ukulawula, nokugcina, okuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zokucubungula izimbiwa zabo bonke osayizi.

4.3 Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile

Amathangi agelezayo angenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze ahlangabezane nezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene ze-ore kanye nezidingo zenqubo, okubonisa ukuguquguquka okuqinile.

5. Izibonelo Zokusebenza Zamathangi Okuvuzayo

Amathangi okukhipha insimbi athola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ekukhiqizweni komhlaba wangempela. Isibonelo, ekucubungulweni kwegolide ore, amathangi okukhipha insimbi avame ukusetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokukhipha i-cyanide , lapho izixazululo ze -Sodium Cyanide zincibilikisa igolide kuma-ore. Ekucubungulweni kwe-copper ore, izinqubo zokukhipha i-sulfuric acid kuma-leaching tank zisetshenziselwa ukukhipha ithusi kuma-ore. Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ngokucacile indima ebalulekile yamathangi okukhipha insimbi ekucubungulweni kwamaminerali.

6. Isiphetho

Njengemishini ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa, amathangi agelezayo anikeza amanani aphezulu okubuyisela insimbi, ukusebenza kalula, nokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwabo okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqamba okusha kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukucutshungulwa kwezimbiwa, kube nesandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwemboni yezimayini.