Tsvagiridzo yeMurwi Leaching yeYakaderera-Giredhi uye Yakakwira-Clay Oxidized Goridhe Ore

1. ziviso

Mumunda wekuchera goridhe, kushandiswa kwepasi-giredhi uye yakakwira-ivhu oxidized ores yegoridhe yakawedzera kukosha nekuda kwekuderera kwepamusoro-giredhi zviwanikwa zvegoridhe. Aya marudzi emaores anoratidzirwa neakaderera goridhe zvemukati uye yakakwira yevhu zvicherwa zvemukati, izvo zvinounza zvakakomba matambudziko kune echinyakare nzira dzekubatsira. Heap leaching yabuda senzira inodhura uye inoshanda yekurapa ores akadaro, ichigonesa kutorwa kwegoridhe kubva muhombe huru yezvinhu zvakaderera-giredhi. Ichi chinyorwa chinopa chidzidzo chakazara pamusoro pe murwi leaching yepasi-giredhi uye yakakwira-ivhu oxidized goridhe ore, ichivavarira kukwidziridza iyo leaching maitiro uye kugadzirisa goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo.

2. Hunhu hweLow-Grade uye High-Clay Oxidized Gold Ore

Yakaderera-giredhi oxidized goridhe ores kazhinji ine giredhi regoridhe pazasi 2 g/t, zvichiita kuti kutorwa kwavo kwehupfumi kuome. Iyo yakakwira ivhu yemukati mune aya ores inogona kukonzera matambudziko senge kusakwana kwekupinda, agglomeration, uye yakanyanya kushandiswa kweleaching reagents. Clay minerals, senge kaolinite, montmorillonite, uye illite, inogona kushambadza maion egoridhe uye kukanganisa maitiro ekudonha. Pamusoro pezvo, saizi yakatsetseka yemaminerari evhu inogona kutungamira mukuumbwa kwedense layer mumurwi weore, kuderedza kusangana pakati pemushonga weLeaching nemaminerari ane goridhe.

3. Kuedza Methodology

3.1 Ore Sampling uye Characterization

Muenzaniso wemumiriri weiyo yakaderera-giredhi uye yakakwirira-ivhu oxidized ore yegoridhe yakaunganidzwa kubva kunzvimbo yekuchera. Iyo ore sampuli yakaongororwa nekuda kwemakemikari ayo, mineralogy, uye chimiro chemuviri. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) yakashandiswa kuona iyo yekutanga kuumbwa, ukuwo X-ray diffraction (XRD) yakashandiswa kuona zvikamu zvemamineral. Particle saizi yekuongorora yakaitwa pachishandiswa sieve shaker kuti tinzwisise kugovaniswa kwehukuru hwezvimedu zveore.

3.2 Column Leaching Experiments

Column leaching experiments yakaitwa kutevedzera murwi leaching process. Sampu ye ore yakapwanyika uye yakaongororwa kune akasiyana particle size. Makoramu ane dhayamita masendimita gumi uye kureba masendimita zana akazadzwa nemasample ore. Rwendo rwekuedza rwakagadzirirwa kuongorora mhedzisiro yeakasiyana paramita, kusanganisira ore particle size, calcium oxide (CaO) dosage, Sodium Cyanide (NaCN) kutariswa mune leaching mhinduro, uye leaching nguva, pane yegoridhe leaching rate.

3.3 Optimization yeMatanho Paramita

Maitiro ekugadzirisa akagadziridzwa kuburikidza nekutevedzana kweimwe-chinhu chekuedza. Iyo ore particle size yaive yakasiyana kubva -20 mm kusvika -5 mm, uye CaO dosage yakagadziridzwa kubva pa1% kusvika 5% yeore mass. Iyo NaCN yekumisikidza mumhinduro yeLeaching yakashandurwa kubva pa0.05% kuenda ku0.2%, uye nguva yeleaching yakawedzerwa kubva pamazuva gumi kusvika kumazuva makumi matatu. Chiyero chegoridhe chekutengesa chakaongororwa nguva nenguva nekuongorora goridhe zvirimo muleachate uchishandisa atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).

4. Mhedzisiro uye Kukurukurirana

4.1 Mhedzisiro yeOre Particle Saizi

Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kudzikisira saizi yeore yakavandudza zvakanyanya mwero wegoridhe. Kana saizi yeore yaive -5 mm, chiyero chegoridhe chakasvika 85% mushure memazuva makumi maviri ekudonha, nepo -20 mm saizi yechikamu, chiyero chekudonha chaingove makumi matanhatu%. Iro diki saizi yakawedzera nzvimbo yeore, zvichiita kuti pave nekubatana pakati pemushonga weLeaching nemamineral ane goridhe. Nekudaro, hukuru hwakanyanya kunaka twudiki hunogona zvakare kutungamirira kumatambudziko akadai sekushaya kukwana uye kuwedzera kwevhu kukanganiswa kwemaminerari.

4.2 Kufurirwa kweCaO Dosage

Kuwedzera CaO kumurwi weore kunogona kuvandudza kupenya kweore uye kugadzirisa kukosha kwepH yemhinduro yekudonha. Iyo yakakwana CaO dosage yakawanikwa iine 3% ye ore mass. Pamuyero uyu, mwero wegoridhe wekutengesa wakawedzerwa. Kudzikira kweCaO dosage kwakakonzera kusakwana pH kugadziridzwa uye kushomeka kwemvura, nepo dosi yepamusoro inogona kukonzera kunyanyisa kushandiswa kweleaching reagents uye matambudziko angangove ezvakatipoteredza.

4.3 Mhedzisiro yeNaCN Concentration

Iyo NaCN yekumisikidza mune leaching mhinduro yakave nemhedzisiro yakakosha pachiyero chegoridhe leaching. Sezvo huwandu hweNaCN hwakawedzera kubva pa0.05% kusvika 0.15%, chiyero chegoridhe chakawedzera kubva pa70% kusvika 90%. Nekudaro, kuwedzera kuwedzera iyo NaCN yekumisikidza kusvika 0.2% haina kutungamira kukuvandudza kwakakosha muyero yeleaching uye zvakare yakawedzera mutengo uye njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzine chekuita ne cyanide shandisa.

4.4 Nguva Yekudzidzisa

Iyo goridhe leaching rate yakawedzera nekuwedzera kwenguva yeleaching. Mushure memazuva makumi maviri nemashanu ekucheneswa, kunyudzwa kwegoridhe kwakasvika pabani, zvichiratidza kuti yakawanda yegoridhe raibviswa rakanga ranyungudika. Kurebesa nguva yeleaching kupfuura iyi poindi hakuna kukonzeresa kuwedzera kwakakosha muyero yeleaching asi yakawedzera mutengo wakazara wekuita.

5. Mhedziso

Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti murwi wekucheka inzira inoshanda yekurapa yakaderera-giredhi uye yakakwirira-ivhu oxidized goridhe ores. Nekukwenenzvera maparamita ekuita, anosanganisira ore particle size, CaO dosage, NaCN concentration, uye leaching time, yakakwira goridhe leaching rate inosvika 90% inogona kuwanikwa. Mamiriro akakwana akatemerwa sezvizvi: saizi ye ore particle ye -5 mm, CaO dosage ye3%, NaCN concentration ye0.15% muleaching solution, uye leaching time yemazuva makumi maviri nemashanu. Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinopa ruzivo rwakakosha rwekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kwemurwi wekucheka murwi mukutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi uye yakakwirira-ivhu oxidized zvicherwa zvegoridhe, zvichibatsira mukusimukira kwakasimba kweindasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe.