Ubuthi beCyanide: Izimbangela, Izimpawu, kanye Nempendulo Ephuthumayo

I-Cyanide, ikhemikhali enobuthi obukhulu, ibilokhu iyinkinga isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuthi ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yabantu. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze -cyanide , i-sodium cyanide ivelele njengento eyingozi kakhulu, evame ukuhileleka ezingozini zezimboni futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, ubuthi obuhlosiwe. Ukuqonda uhlobo lobuthi be-sodium cyanide , izimpawu zayo, kanye nempendulo efanele ephuthumayo kubalulekile ekuvikeleni izimpilo kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela yesikhathi eside yalesi simo esingaba yingozi.

Ukuqonda i-Sodium Cyanide

I-Sodium cyanide iyi-crystalline eqinile emhlophe, enephunga elithambile elifana ne-alimondi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukumbiwa kwezimayini, ukufakelwa kwe-electroplating, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali. Kulezi zindawo zezimboni, abasebenzi bangase bavezwe ku- Sodium Cyanide ngokuphefumula, ukuthintana nesikhumba, noma ngokugwinya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Sodium cyanide ingangena emvelweni ngemfucuza yezimboni futhi ibe yingozi emphakathini jikelele.

Lapho i-sodium cyanide ingena emzimbeni, ihlukana ibe yi-cyanide ions. Lama-ion abopha ku-cytochrome c oxidase, i-enzyme ebalulekile ekuphefumuleni kwamaselula. Ngenxa yalokho, amangqamuzana awakwazi ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo, okuholela ekuqalekeni ngokushesha kwezimpawu.

Izimpawu ze-Sodium Cyanide Poisoning

Izimpawu zobuthi be-sodium cyanide zingahluka kuye ngomzila nezinga lokuchayeka. Izimpawu zokuqala zingabandakanya:

1. Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula : Ukuphefumula okufushane, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, kanye nomuzwa wokuminyana yizimpawu zokuqala ezivamile zobuthi be-cyanide. Njengoba isimo siqhubeka, izinga lokuphefumula lingase lehle, okuholela ekumisweni kokuphefumula.

2. Ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nesiyezi : Izisulu zivame ukuba nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, isiyezi, kanye nokudideka. Kwezinye izimo, zingase zilahlekelwe ingqondo.

3. Imiphumela yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi : Ubuthi be-cyanide bungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, umfutho wegazi ophansi, futhi ekugcineni kume inhliziyo.

4. Izimpawu zesisu : Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nobuhlungu besisu nakho kubikwa kaningi.

Ukuphendula okuphuthumayo

1. Ukususwa ngokushesha emthonjeni wokuvezwa : Uma ubuthi buvela endaweni yezimboni noma endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-cyanide, isisulu kufanele sisuswe ngokushesha siye endaweni enomoya omuhle. Uma kwenzeka ukuthintana nesikhumba, izingubo ezingcolile kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha, futhi indawo ethintekile kufanele igezwe kahle ngamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.

2. Shayela usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo : Shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo yendawo (njenge-911 e-United States) ngokushesha okukhulu. Nikeza umqhubi ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nobuthi obusolwayo be-cyanide, okuhlanganisa indawo, inani lezisulu, kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakalayo.

3. Nikeza usizo lokuqala : Uma isisulu singaphefumuli, qala ukuvuselela inhliziyo (CPR) ngokushesha. Uma ikhona, sebenzisa i-automated external defibrillator (AED) ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi.

4. Ukwelashwa esibhedlela : Esibhedlela, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kobuthi be-cyanide ukunikeza ama-antidote. I-Hydroxocobalamin iyi-antidote esetshenziswa kakhulu ebopha kuma-ion e-cyanide, yakha i-compound engenabo ubuthi engakhishwa emzimbeni. I-Sodium thiosulfate ingase futhi inikezwe ukuthuthukisa inqubo yemvelo yokukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni.

Prevention

1. Izinyathelo zokuphepha kwezimboni : Abaqashi ezimbonini ezisebenzisa i-sodium cyanide kufanele basebenzise izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ukuvimbela ukuchayeka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngemishini yokuzivikela efanele, njengemishini yokuphefumula namagilavu, kanye nokuqhuba ukuqeqeshwa kokuphepha njalo.

2. Ukuqapha imvelo : Ukuqapha imvelo ukuze kutholakale ukungcola kwe-cyanide kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduze nezindawo zezimboni. Ukuhlolwa njalo komoya, amanzi, kanye nenhlabathi kungasiza ekutholeni imithombo engaba khona yokungcola futhi kuvimbele ukusabalala okubanzi.

Ubuthi be-sodium cyanide yisimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Ngokuqonda izimbangela, izimpawu, nezinqubo zokusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze bazivikele bona kanye nabanye esimweni sokuchayeka. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela ezilungiselelweni zezimboni kanye nokuqapha imvelo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi bezigameko ezihlobene ne-cyanide.