Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kushanda KweGoridhe Ore Leaching neSodium Cyanide

Muindasitiri yekuchera goridhe, nzira yeCyanidation inoshandisa Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo. Zvisinei, kushanda zvakanaka kwenzira iyi kunogona kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha pakuvandudza nzira yekubvisa goridhe, kuvandudza mwero wekudzoreredza, uye kuderedza mari yekushanda. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kushanda zvakanaka kweGold ore leaching neSodium Cyanide.

Ore Hunhu

Mineral Composition

Iyo mineral kuumbwa kwegoridhe ores inoita basa rakakosha mukuita cyanidation. Mamwe mamineral anogona kukanganisa goridhe leaching. Semuenzaniso, mhangura, arsenic, antimony, uye bismuth iripo mune ore inogona kuwedzera kudyiwa kwecyanide kana kupedza mweya weokisijeni muslurry, nekudaro ichidzikisa chiyero chegoridhe. Kana zvicherwa zvemhangura zviripo, mhangura inogona kuita ne cyanide kuumba mhangura-cyanide complexes, ichidya yakawanda ye cyanide. Panyaya yemaminerari anotakura arsenic, anogona kuokisisa mune cyanide mhinduro, achipedza okisijeni uye kugadzira arsenic makomisheni anogona kupfeka pamusoro pezvikamu zvegoridhe, zvichitadzisa kubatana pakati pegoridhe necyanide. Pamusoro pezvo, kana ore iine yakakwira kabhoni yemukati, kabhoni inogona kushambadza goridhe rakanyungudika, zvichitungamira mukurasikirwa negoridhe mumaswe. Kudzikamisa nyaya idzi, nzira dzekutanga kurapwa dzakaita sekugocha kana flotation dzinogona kushandiswa kubvisa kana kuderedza kukanganiswa kweiyi tsvina inokuvadza.

Goridhe Particle Size

Saizi yezvimedu zvegoridhe inokanganisa zvakananga nguva yeLeaching uye kugona. Zvimedu zvegoridhe zvakakora (zvakakura kupfuura 74μm) zvine mwero unononoka kunyungudika nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo diki inowanikwa kuti iite necyanide. Mukuita cyanidation, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvimedu zvegoridhe zvakasunungurwa zvakakwana kubva kumaminerari e gangue. Kukuya simbi kusvika pakunatsa kwakakodzera kwakakosha kuti izvi zviitwe. Nekudzikisira saizi yechikamu, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzegoridhe dzinoburitswa, zvichifambisa kuita necyanide. Nekudaro, kuwedzeredza-kukuya kunofanirwa kudziviswa sezvo kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera mitengo, senge yakakwira simba rekushandisa uye kupfeka kwemidziyo yekukuya. Uyezve, kunyanya-kukuya kunogona kukonzera kusunungurwa kwemaminerari akanaka egangue anogona kukanganisa nzira yekucheka kana kuwedzera kuoma kwekuparadzanisa kwakasimba-mvura. Kune zvicherwa zvine goridhe rakatsetseka, kuwana kukwenenzverwa kwakakodzera, kazhinji nechikamu chepamusoro chezvikamu zviri pasi pehumwe saizi (eg, -38μm), zvinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekudonha.

Ore Mamiriro uye Mamiriro

Chimiro chemukati uye kuumbwa kweore kunogonawo kukanganisa maitiro ecyanidation. Ores ane zvimiro zvakaoma, seaya ane yakanaka inclusions kana yakavharirwa goridhe, angangoda zvakanyanya kukuya kana mamwe matanho ekutanga kurapwa kuti afumure goridhe rekudonha. Porous ores inogona kubvumira iyo cyanide mhinduro kuti ipinde nyore nyore, ichiwedzera leaching kushanda zvakanaka. Kune rimwe divi, dense kana compact ores inogona kudzikisira kupararira kwecyanide uye oksijeni, zvichikonzera kunonoka kwemazinga. Kunzwisisa chimiro cheore kuburikidza nehunyanzvi senge microscope kunogona kubatsira mukugadzira mamwe anobudirira leaching marongero.

Leaching Conditions

Cyanide Concentration

Kuwanda kwe sodium cyanide mumushonga wekudonhedza chinhu chakakosha. Kuwanda kwegoridhe kunotanga kuwedzera zvichienderana nekuwedzera kweCyanide kusvika yasvika padanho repamusoro. Kupfuura huwandu hwakati, kuwedzera kwecyanide kunogona kusawedzera zvakanyanya mwero wekudonhedza goridhe uye kunogona kutoita kuti kuderera. Kazhinji, mukugadzirwa kwegoridhe, huwandu hwecyanide mumushonga hunochengetwa pakati pe0.03% - 0.08%. Kana huwandu hwecyanide hwakanyanya kuderera, mhedzisiro yekudonhedza goridhe haina kunaka, uye kumhanya kwekudonhedza kunononoka, zvichikonzera nguva refu yekudonhedza uye mitengo yakawedzera. Kusiyana neizvi, huwandu hwakawanda hwecyanide haungokonzere chete marara asiwo hunowedzera njodzi yezvakatipoteredza inokonzerwa nekubata nekurasa cyanide. Nokudaro, kusarudza huwandu hwakakodzera hwecyanide zvichibva pane hunhu hweore hwakakosha kuti goridhe ribudiswe zvakanaka.

Okisijeni Kugadziriswa

Oxygen inodiwa kune oxidation yegoridhe mukuita cyanidation. Kunyungudika kwegoridhe kunowedzera nekuwedzera kweokisijeni. Mumiti yakawanda yecyanidation, mhepo inowanzoshandiswa senzvimbo yeokisijeni. Nekupfumisa okisijeni mumushonga kana kushandisa high-pressure aeration cyanidation, kupera kwegoridhe kunogona kuvandudzwa. Zvisinei, sezvo kutonhora kuchikwira, kunyungudika kweokisijeni mumushonga kunoderera zvikuru. Pa100 ° C, kunyungudika kweokisijeni kunodonha kusvika pazero, izvo zvinomisa nzira yekudonha. Naizvozvo, kuchengetedza yakaringana okisijeni muleaching slurry, uchifunga zvinhu zvakaita setembiricha uye kusagadzikana, kwakakosha pakuita kuti goridhe rishande.

pH Kukosha

Kuchengetedza iyo chaiyo pH kukosha mune leaching pulp kwakakosha kune iyo cyanidation maitiro. Mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, iyo pH kukosha kwepulp inowanzochengetwa pakati pe10.0 - 11.0. Lime inowanzowedzerwa kune cyanide solution kuita sealkali inodzivirira. Inobatsira kuderedza hydrolysis ye cyanide, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwecyanide sehydrogen cyanide gasi. Pamusoro pezvo, lime inogona kudzikamisa zvinhu zvine acidic muore uye kunayisa maion anokuvadza muslurry, ichigadzira mamiriro akakodzera ekunyungudika kwegoridhe. Kana iyo alkalinity yakanyanya kuwanda (pH> 12) kana yakanyanya kuderera (pH <9), iyo leaching rate yegoridhe inoderera. Yakakwira alkalinity inogona kutadzisa kuita pakati pegoridhe necyanide, nepo yakaderera alkalinity inogona kukurumidza hydrolysis yecyanide uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwayo.

tembiricha

Kupisa kwemaitiro ekubviswa kwesimbi kunokanganisa gold cyanidation. Sezvo tembiricha ichikwira, mashandiro emaion anowedzera, izvo zvinotanga kukurumidzisa leaching rate yegold. Zvisinei, tembiricha yakakwira inotungamirawo kudzikira kukuru kwekunyungudika kweokisijeni mumushonga. Panguva imwe chete, hydrolysis yecyanide pachayo inowedzera, uye maitiro ebase metal cyanides anokurumidza, zvichikonzera kuwedzerwa kwecyanide. Uyezve, kunyungudika kwecalcium hydroxide (kubva kune yakawedzerwa lime) kunoderera patembiricha yakakwira, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti pH kukosha kwepulp kudzike. Naizvozvo, kune akawanda maitiro ekugadzirwa kwegold cyanidation, kunyangwe kuwedzera kwetembiricha kuri pakati nepakati kunogona kuvandudza leaching rate kusvika pamwero wakati, tembiricha yakawandisa haibatsiri. Kazhinji, cyanidation inowanzoitwa patembiricha yakakwira kana yakakwira zvishoma, uye tembiricha yakaringana inofanirwa kutsanangurwa zvichibva pane hunhu hweore chaiyo nemamiriro ekushanda.

Leaching Time

Iyo leaching nguva inodiwa zvinoenderana neakasiyana zvinhu zvakaita sechimiro cheore, nzira yecyanidation, uye mamiriro ekudonha. Kune yakamutswa cyanidation, nguva yeleaching inowanzopfuura maawa makumi maviri nemana uye dzimwe nguva inogona kureba semaawa makumi mana kana kupfuura. Panyaya yeleaching telluride gold ores, zvinogona kutora kusvika maawa 24. Kune percolation cyanidation, iyo leaching nguva yakatokareba, kazhinji inoda anopfuura mazuva mashanu. Kana nguva yeleaching ipfupi, zvimedu zvegoridhe zvinogona kunge zvisina kunyungudika zvizere, zvichikonzera kuderera kwemitengo yekudzoreredza. Sezvineiwo, kana nguva yekurebesa yakarebesa, haingowedzeri mutengo wekugadzira chete asiwo inogona kukonzera kunyungudika kwehutsvina hwakawanda muore, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kudzoreredza goridhe kunotevera. Naizvozvo, kuona iyo yakakodzera leaching nguva kuburikidza nekuyedza tsvakiridzo uye process optimization inodiwa kuti uwane goridhe rakadhirowa.

Slurry Concentration

Iko kusangana kweiyo leaching slurry inokanganisa zvakananga kuwanda kwehuwandu hwezvikamu muiyo cyanidation process. Iyo yakakwira slurry concentration inowedzera viscosity ye slurry, iyo isingaenderane nekupararira kwe cyanide uye oksijeni kune zvimedu zvegoridhe, nekudaro kudzikisa kugona kweLeaching. Sezvineiwo, kana iyo slurry yekumisikidza yakadzikira, kunyangwe ichigona kuvandudza mamiriro ekupararira, inowedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide nemamwe mareagents uye inodawo mavhoriyamu makuru emidziyo, zvichikonzera kuwedzera mitengo. Iyo yakakodzera slurry yekumisikidza inoda kutariswa kuburikidza nebeneficiation bvunzo zvinoenderana nehunhu hweiyo ore. Kune zvicherwa zvine madhaka mashoma uye tsvina shoma, yakakwira slurry concentration (kazhinji 40% - 50%) inogona kushandiswa pakudonha. Kune ores ane yakaoma mamineral maumbirwo uye yakakwira madhaka emukati, yakaderera slurry concentration (yakakomberedza 25%) inowanzodiwa.

Zvimwe Zvinhu

Kuvapo Kwekusvibiswa muSlurry

Pamusoro pezvicherwa zvinokuvadza mune ore pachayo, kumwe kusvibiswa mune leaching slurry kunogona kukanganisawo maitiro ecyanidation. Semuenzaniso, yakanaka gangue particles, kunyanya iyo ine yakakwirira yevhu, inogona kuwedzera viscosity ye slurry, ichitadzisa kufamba kwe cyanide uye oksijeni. Izvi zvimedu zvakanaka zvinogona zvakare adsorb cyanide, ichideredza iko kushanda kwayo kwegoridhe leaching. Uyezve, kana paine mamwe heavy metal ions mune slurry, anogona kuita necyanide kuita macomplexes, achidya cyanide uye achikanganisa kuita kwegoridhe leaching. Kugara kutarisisa uye kwakakodzera pre-kurapwa kwe slurry kubvisa kana kuderedza kusvibiswa uku kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza cyanidation kushanda zvakanaka.

Kushungurudza uye Kusanganiswa

Kuvhiringidza kwakakodzera uye kusanganiswa kweleaching slurry kwakakosha pakuona kugoverwa kwakafanana kwecyanide, oxygen, uye ore zvimedu. Kushungurudza kunobatsira kuunza mareactants kuti abatane zvakanyanya, kuwedzera maitiro ekuita. Kusagadzikana kusina kukwana kunogona kukonzera kunyura kwenzvimbo, uko dzimwe nzvimbo dze slurry dzisina kukwana cyanide kana oxygen, zvichiita kuti goridhe rive risina kukwana. Nekudaro, kunyanyisa kushushikana kunogona kukonzera kupera kwakanyanyisa kwemidziyo uye zvakare kunogona kutungamira mukuumbwa kwefuro mune slurry, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro ekudonha. Naizvozvo, optimize agitation kumhanya uye kusimba zvinoenderana nechaiyo muitiro zvinodiwa kwakakosha kune inoshanda goridhe cyanidation.

Mukupedzisa, kugona kwegoridhe ore leaching ine sodium cyanide kunopesvedzerwa nezvakawanda zvinhu, zvinosanganisira ore maitiro, leaching mamiriro, uye mamwe ma paramita ekushanda. Nekunyatsofunga nekugadzirisa zvinhu izvi, makambani emigodhi anogona kuvandudza mwero wekudzoreredza goridhe, kuderedza mitengo, uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kweiyo cyanidation process.