IiMfuno zobuGcisa zeGranulation, ukuFakwa kunye nokutshiza kwiNkqubo yeGold Pile Leaching

The Inkqubo yokucoca imfumba yegolide kubandakanya ukufumba iintsimbi ezikrwada zegolide ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi okanye iintsalela ezidadayo kwisiseko semathiriyeli kunye nokutshiza ngomjikelo Isodium cyanide isisombululo sokunyibilikisa igolide kwi-ore kwaye uyibuyisele kwisisombululo esikhulelweyo. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ubukhulu becala ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokucoca, ukucolwa kwangaphambili kwentsimbi ekrwada (ukutyunyuzwa okanye igranulation), ukufumba, ukutshiza ngokutshiza, ukubuyiswa kwegolide kwisisombululo esikhulelweyo, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokuthululwa kwemfumba yenkunkuma. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufundisa, iiparamitha ezininzi kufuneka zilawulwe ukuze kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezihle zokuxhamla. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa iimfuno zobugcisa ze-granulation, ukugoqa kunye nokutshiza.

1. Igranulation

Ukuze ube nempumelelo yenkqubo yokukhutshwa kwemfumba yegolide, izixhobo zokuvuza kufuneka zibe nokungenwa kakuhle ukuze kuvumeleke i-cyanide isisombululo sokudlula ngokulinganayo kwimfumba yentsimbi. Uninzi lwentsimbi ekrwada kufuneka icolwe ukuya kutsho kwi-25.4mm okanye icoleke phambi kokuba igranulation iveze igolide equlethwe kwintsimbi ekrwada kwaye kuphuculwe izinga lokubuyiswa kwegolide.

Ngexesha legranulation, ubungakanani bekalika esetyenzisiweyo kufuneka bufikelele kwixabiso le-pH phakathi kwe-9.5 - 10.5. Ngenxa yokufuma okuphezulu kwentsimbi ekrwada (enomthamo wamanzi angaphezu kwe-10%) kunye nokungcola okuninzi kwintsimbi ekrwada, ukuxinana kwentsimbi. Isodium cyanide kufuneka kwandiswe ngexesha le-granulation. Ugxininiso lwe sodium cyanide ilawulwa malunga ne-60 - 150 grams ngetoni nganye yegolide ekrwada. Umthamo wamanzi opheleleyo we-granules ngokubanzi akufanele udlule i-30%, ngaphandle koko i-granules iyakwazi ukukhulula kwaye ithambe. Ixesha lokunyanga kufuneka libe ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-72. Ukuba kuyanetha ngexesha legranulation, iinkozo kufuneka zigqunywe ukuthintela ukulahleka kwegolide.

2. Ukuxobula

Indawo yokucoca imfumba yegolide inokumiselwa kwindawo ethambekileyo, kwintlambo okanye kumhlaba othe tyaba. Nangona kunjalo, kumhlaba othe tyaba, ithambeka le-3% - 5% liyafuneka. Ukuphakama kwemfumba ye-ore akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu ekuqaleni, ngokukhethekileyo i-3 - 4 yeemitha, kwaye inokunyuswa emva kokuba izinga lokuhlamba lizinzile.

Emva kokucoca kunye nokulinganisa umhlaba, unyango oluchasene ne-seepage luyafuneka. Ukukhusela imfumba yentsimbi ekrwada, imisele yokukhupha izandyondyo kufuneka imiswe kufutshane nesiza sokuvuza. I-cushion layer ye-leaching site inokubekwa malunga ne-0.5m ubukhulu kwisiseko esihlanganisiweyo, emva koko isisombululo se-sodium carbonate sifafazwe kuso ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwayo okuchasene ne-seepage.

3. Ukutshiza

3.1 Izixilo zokutshiza

I-agglomerated ore particles emva kwegranulation akufanele ihlanjwe kwakhona. Ixabiso le-pH kufuneka lihlengahlengiswe ngenkqubo yegranulation. Ngenxa yokwakheka okuntsonkothileyo kweentsimbi zegolide, ukuxinwa kwe-sodium cyanide ngexesha lokutshiza kokuqala kunokunyuswa ngokufanelekileyo. Inokulawulwa kwi-0.1% - 0.08% ngexesha lexesha eliphakamileyo (xa i-concentration leaching yegolide iphezulu), kwaye ke ingancitshiswa ibe yi-0.08% - 0.06%. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, lingancitshiswa libe yi-0.04% - 0.02%. I-concentration ye-sodium cyanide inokulungiswa nangaliphi na ixesha ngokuhambelana nomxholo wegolide kwisisombululo esikhulelweyo.

3.2 Umjikelo wokutshiza

Ixesha lokutshiza lidla ngokuba ziiyure ezisi-7 ukuya kwezisi-8 ngosuku, kwaye ubukhulu becala akufunekanga lidlule iiyure ezili-10 (kodwa idosi kufuneka incitshiswe). Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-spray i-1 iyure kwaye imise i-1 iyure okanye i-spray i-1 iyure kwaye imise iiyure ze-2. Ixesha lokutshiza akufunekanga libe lide kakhulu, ukwenzela ukuba i-ore pile ikwazi ukuphefumla ioksijini xa ingatshizi. Ukuba ixesha lokutshiza lide kwaye i-frequency iphezulu, iya kwandisa umthamo wesisombululo, ukunciphisa ukuxinwa kotywala komama, kunye nokuchitha i-sodium cyanide. Kwangaxeshanye, iya kwandisa umthamo wotywala komama kwaye ichaphazele umthamo we-adsorption wekhabhoni elayishwe ngegolide.

3.3 Ubunzulu bokutshiza

Ubunzulu bokutshiza bunxulumene nexesha lokutshiza kunye nobungakanani bokutshiza. Ngokubanzi, amandla okutshiza kufuneka alawulwe nge-6 - 20L/m2•h (6 - 20L/m2×yure), kwaye ubukhulu becala akufunekanga budlule kwi-25 - 30L/m2•h (enokubalwa ngokwendawo yendawo yokutshiza, isixa kunye nexesha lokutshizwa kwemihla ngemihla). Ukuba ubungakanani bokutshiza buphezulu, kuya kwandisa umthamo wesisombululo esikhulelweyo, kunciphise ukugxininiswa kwegolide, kwaye kuchaphazele umthamo we-adsorption wekhabhoni esebenzayo (ngokubanzi, umthamo we-adsorption we-activated carbon yi-8 - 10kg / t). Ukuba umthamo wesisombululo esikhulelweyo sikhulu, ngexesha elifanayo le-adsorption, ngenxa yokuxinwa kwegolide ephantsi, inani le-adsorption liya kuncipha kwaye ixesha le-adsorption liya kuba lide, eliya kwandisa umthwalo womsebenzi kunye neendleko ze-desorption kunye ne-electrolysis system. Ngoko ke, isixa sokutshiza akufunekanga sibe sikhulu kakhulu kwaye amaxesha okutshiza akufunekanga abe phezulu kakhulu.

Ukuqukumbela, ezi zingasentla ziimfuno zobugcisa zegranulation, imfumba kunye nokutshiza kwinkqubo yegolide yemfumba yemfumba. Indlela yokukhutshwa kwemfumba yegolide isetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yenkqubo yayo elula, izixhobo ezimbalwa kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Kwimveliso yangempela, abanikazi bemigodi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo ekulawuleni iiparitha zekhonkco ngalinye ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo zokucoca.