Amanyathelo oPhatho oluNgxamisekileyo lokuvuza koMhlaba weSodium Cyanide

1. Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kunye nesaziso

• I-Alam kunye neNgxelo yoLwazi: Kanye a sodium cyanide ukuvuza kubhaqwe emhlabeni, inyathelo lokuqala kukuxela ngoko nangoko isiganeko kwisebe lolawulo olungxamisekileyo lendawo, isebe lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, kunye neearhente ezifanelekileyo zokongamela ukhuseleko kwimizi-mveliso. Nika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha olufana nendawo yokuvuza, ubungakanani obuqikelelweyo bokuvuza Isodium cyanide, kunye nazo naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho kwiindawo ezikufutshane, kubandakanywa iindawo zokuhlala, imithombo yamanzi, kunye nemekobume engqongileyo enovakalelo.

• UkuQhathaniswa kweQela likaxakeka: Vula iqela leempendulo zikaxakeka esele limiselwe. Eli qela kufuneka libe neengcali eziqeqeshelwe ukuphatha iziganeko zemichiza ezinobungozi, kubandakanywa neekhemikhali, abacimi bomlilo abanoqeqesho olukhethekileyo lokuphendula imichiza, kunye neengcali zokukhusela indalo. Qinisekisa ukuba onke amalungu eqela aziswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ayazi ngoxanduva lwabo oluthile kwinkqubo yokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

2. Ukwahlulwa kweSiza kunye nokuPhuculwa

• Ukuseka uMda oKhuselekileyo: Seta iperimeter yokhuseleko ejikeleze indawo yokuvuza. Ubungakanani bomjikelezo kufuneka bumiselwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nobuninzi bokuvuza Isodium cyanide, icala oya ngakulo umoya, kunye nepografi. Njengesikhokelo esiqhelekileyo, ukuvuza okubalulekileyo, indawo yokuqala yokubeka yodwa ubuncinane yeemitha ezili-100 ingafuneka, kodwa oku kufuneka kuhlengahlengiswe ngokweyona meko. Sebenzisa imiqobo ebonakalayo efana nemiqobo, iiteyiphu, okanye izithuthi ukuphawula umjikelezo ngokucacileyo.

• Ukufuduswa kweeNdawo eziChaphazelekayo: Khupha bonke abasebenzi abangengobalulekanga kwiindawo ezingaphakathi komjikelezo omiselweyo kunye neendawo ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke. Nikela imiyalelo ecacileyo yokufuduka eluntwini ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, njengezandisi-lizwi, izilumkiso ezingxamisekileyo kwimfonomfono, nezaziso kumajelo eendaba asekuhlaleni. Khetha iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokuphuma ezithintela iindawo apho umngcipheko wokuvezwa kwi-sodium i-cyanide iphezulu. Qinisekisa ukuba amaqela asemngciphekweni, njengabakhulileyo, abaneziphene, nabantwana, afumana uncedo olukhethekileyo ebudeni benkqubo yokufuduka.

3. IZixhobo zoKhuseleko zoMntu (PPE) kuBasebenzi bokuPhendula

• Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwePPE: Bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kwimpendulo kaxakeka kwindawo kufuneka banxibe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela. Oku kubandakanya umoya - iikhemikhali eziqinileyo - iisuti ezixhathisayo ezigubungela wonke umzimba, izixhobo zokuphefumla ezizimeleyo (SCBA) zokuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa komoya ococekileyo, iiglavu ezixhathisa iikhemikhali, kunye neebhutsi. I-PPE kufuneka ibe yeyomgangatho ophezulu kwaye ifanele ukukhuselwa kwindalo enetyhefu kakhulu ye-sodium cyanide.

• Uqeqesho ngokuSetyenziswa kwePPE: Phambi kwawo nawuphi na umsebenzi wokuphendula, qinisekisa ukuba bonke abaphenduli bexesha likaxakeka baqeqeshwe kakuhle ekusetyenzisweni okuchanekileyo, ukunikela, kunye nokukhutshwa kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela. Uqeqesho oluthe gqolo kufuneka lwenziwe ukugcina ubuchule, njengoko ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwePPE kunokukhokelela kumngcipheko omkhulu wokuvezwa kwabaphenduli.

4. ULawulo loMthombo wokuvuza

• Ukuvala iiValves kunye nokuyeka ukukhutshwa: Ukuba kuyenzeka, chonga kwaye uvale iivalvu okanye imithombo ebangela ukuvuza kwesodium cyanide. Oku kunokubandakanya ukucima imibhobho, ukuvala iivalvu zetanki yokugcina, okanye ukumisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezibandakanyekayo ekuvuzeni. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kuzanywe kuphela ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abanxibe iPPE efanelekileyo nasemva kokuqinisekisa ukuba kunokwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo.

• Ukuqulathwa kokuvuza kolwelo: Xa kuvuza i-sodium cyanide engamanzi, sebenzisa izinto ezifunxayo ezifana nezivuselelweyo ICarbon, i-vermiculite, okanye ii-pads ezikhethekileyo ezinganyangekiyo ngamakhemikhali ukuze zibambe kwaye zifunxe into evuzayo. Yakha ii-dikes zexeshana okanye izithintelo ezijikeleze indawo evuzayo usebenzisa izinto ezifana neengxowa zesanti ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-sodium cyanide engamanzi. Ezi zithintelo kufuneka zenzelwe ukuqondisa ukuhamba kwento evuzayo ukuya kwindawo yokuqokelela elawulwayo.

• UkuPhathwa kokuvuza okuqinileyo: Kwimeko yokuvuza okuqinileyo kwe-sodium cyanide, sebenzisa iifosholo ezicocekileyo, ezomileyo ukuze uqokelele ngokucophelela iinqununu eziqinileyo. Beka i-sodium cyanide eqokelelweyo kwizikhongozeli ezicocekileyo, ezomileyo nezivaliweyo. Kuphephe ukuvelisa uthuli ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqokelela, njengoko uthuli lwesodium cyanide olusemoyeni lunokuba yingozi kakhulu.

5. Ukucoca kunye nokuCoca-up

• Ukutshatyalaliswa kweMichiza: Emva kokuqulatha ukuvuza, sebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokususa iikhemikhali. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa izisombululo ezinamandla zealkaline hypochlorite. Yenza i-sodium cyanide kunye ne-hypochlorite kwindawo elawulwayo. Ukusabela ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga neeyure ezingama-24 ukuqhekeza i-cyanide kwizinto ezingenabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo kufuneka iqhutywe ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo kwaye phantsi kweliso leengcali.

• Ucoceko lokusiNgqongileyo - phezulu: Emva kokuba i-chemical decontamination igqityiwe, coca indawo echaphazelekayo ngokucokisekileyo. Susa wonke umhlaba ongcolisekileyo, inkunkuma, kunye nezinto ezifunxayo. Ezi zixhobo kufuneka ziphathwe njengenkunkuma enobungozi kwaye zithuthwe zisiwe kwindawo enelayisensi yokulahla inkunkuma enobungozi ukuze ilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo. Hlamba indawo ngamanzi amaninzi, kodwa qinisekisa ukuba amanzi abalekayo ayaqokelelwa kwaye acocwe ukuze asuse nayiphi na intsalela eseleyo yecyanide phambi kokuba ikhutshelwe kwindalo esingqongileyo.

6. Iimpendulo zezoNyango kunye nokuBeka iliso

• Uncedo lokuqala lwamaxhoba okuvezwa: Ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala olukhawulezayo kuye nabani na oye wafunyanwa kwi-sodium cyanide. Ukunxibelelana kwesikhumba, susa ngokukhawuleza iimpahla ezingcolileyo kwaye uhlambe ulusu oluchaphazelekayo ngamanzi amaninzi ahambayo okanye isisombululo se-5% ye-sodium thiosulfate ubuncinane imizuzu engama-20. Kwimeko yokuphefumla, susa ixhoba kwindawo enomoya omtsha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba ukuphefumla kwexhoba okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo kuyekile, yenza i-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), kodwa ugweme ukuvuselela umlomo ukuya emlonyeni. Endaweni yoko, sebenzisa isixhobo sokuthintela okanye iindlela zokungenisa umoya ngoomatshini.

• Ukujongwa kwezonyango: Misela indawo yokubeka iliso yezonyango kufuphi nendawo yesiganeko ukuze uhlale ubeka iliso kwimpilo yabaphenduli kunye nabantu abanokuthi bavezwe. Qhuba uxilongo lwezonyango rhoqo, kuqukwa novavanyo lwegazi ukubona naziphi na iimpawu zetyhefu yecyanide. Ukubonelela ngofikelelo kunyango lwezonyango olukhethekileyo kwabo babonakalisa iimpawu zokuba sesichengeni, njengentloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.

7. Ukubeka iliso kokusiNgqongileyo

• Ukubeka iliso kuMgangatho woMoya: Hlala ubeka iliso umgangatho womoya ngaphakathi nakwindawo ejikeleze indawo yokuvuza usebenzisa izixhobo zokubona igesi. Ukulinganisa irhasi ye-hydrogen cyanide, enokuthi iveliswe ngenxa yokusabela kwe-sodium cyanide kunye ne-acids okanye amanzi kwindawo engqongileyo. Misela iindawo ezininzi zokubeka iliso ukwenza imephu echanekileyo yobungakanani bongcoliseko lomoya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho womoya ubuyela kumanqanaba akhuselekileyo phambi kokuvumela uluntu ukuba lungene kwakhona kwindawo.

• Ukujongwa koMhlaba naManzi: Hlalutya iisampulu zomhlaba osuka kwindawo echaphazelekayo ukujonga ubungakanani bokungcoliseka komhlaba yisodium cyanide. Ukongeza, beka iliso kwimithombo yamanzi ekufutshane, kubandakanywa amanzi angaphezulu kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba, ukungcoliseka kwe-cyanide. Ukuthathwa kwesampulu rhoqo kunye nohlalutyo lwelabhoratri kufuneka lwenziwe ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwamanyathelo okucoca kunye nokuphelisa ungcoliseko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba okusingqongileyo akushiywa nemingcipheko yongcoliseko yexesha elide.

8. Uphononongo lwesiganeko emva kwesiganeko kunye noNgxelo

• UPhando lwezehlo: Emva kokuba imeko engxamisekileyo ixazululwe ngokupheleleyo, yenza uphando olubanzi malunga nesizathu sokuvuza kwe-sodium cyanide. Chonga nakuphi na ukusilela kugcino, uthutho, okanye iinkqubo zokuphatha. Olu phando kufuneka lubandakanye onke amaqela afanelekileyo, kubandakanywa nomsebenzisi weziko, ii-arhente zolawulo, kunye neengcali zobugcisa.

• Ingxelo kunye noXwebhu: Lungiselela ingxelo eneenkcukacha malunga nesiganeko sonke, kubandakanywa ukulandelelana kweziganeko, izenzo zokusabela ngokukhawuleza ezithathiweyo, iziphumo zokuhlolwa kokusingqongileyo, kunye nezifundo ezifundiweyo. Ngenisa le ngxelo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo kunye nolawulo lwangaphakathi. Sebenzisa iziphumo zengxelo ukuphucula izicwangciso zokusabela kwixa elizayo kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko ukukhusela iziganeko ezifanayo ukuba zenzeke kwixesha elizayo.