Ukuqonda iSodium Cyanide: Ukusetyenziswa, imingcipheko, kunye neziphumo kwiMpilo yabantu

I-sodium cyanide, i-compound enetyhefu kakhulu kunye ne-chemical formula NaCN, iphuma kuyo I-Hydrocyanic Acid. Le powder ye-crystalline engenambala iyaziwa ngokunyibilika kwayo emanzini kunye neempawu zayo ezibuhlungu ze-almond, nangona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akuyena wonke umntu onokubona eli vumba-malunga ne-50% yabemi abanalo ikhono lofuzo lokuvumba. Le khompawundi ayizinzanga ngokukodwa; iqela le-cyano linokususwa ngokulula ngama-asidi anamandla, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kobutyhefu. Ukongeza, Isodium cyanide inokukhupha ioksijini xa ibekwe kumoya ofumileyo okanye I-glucose Izisombululo, yiyo loo nto i-glucose ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa njenge ikhubalo ngenxa yetyhefu yecyanide.

Usetyenziso lwezoShishino lweSodium Cyanide

Isodium cyanide isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimigodi kunye namashishini okulungisa, ngakumbi xa kutsalwa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezifana negolide nesilivere. Kwezi nkqubo, sodium cyanide izisombululo zisebenza njenge-catalysts, ziququzelela i-oxidation yezi zinyithi, ezingenako ukukhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo yi-oxygen. Le ndlela, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-cyanidation, ibe lilitye lembombo lemigodi yegolide isithuba esingaphezu kwenkulungwane, ivumela ukufunyanwa okusebenzayo kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo kwintsimbi ekrwada.

Ngaphandle kwemigodi, Isodium cyanide uyasetyenziswa kwakhona kwi I-Electroplating, apho isetyenziselwa ukufaka umaleko wesinyithi kwindawo. Ukusebenza kwayo kwezi zicelo zamashishini kuye kwenza ukuba ibe yikhemikhali exabisekileyo, kodwa ubuthi bayo buphakamisa ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo kunye nokukhathazeka kokusingqongileyo.

Imingcipheko yeMpilo eNxulunyaniswe neSodium Cyanide

Iingozi zesodium cyanide azinakugqithiswa. Ukuvezwa kule khompawundi kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi zempilo, njengoko iyisithinteli esinamandla sokuphefumla kwamaselula. Xa ifakwe eluswini, isodium cyanide inokuphazamisana nobuchule bomzimba bokusebenzisa ioksijini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ube neempawu ezinjengentloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ukubhideka, yaye kwiimeko ezimandundu, ukulahlekelwa zingqondweni okanye ukufa.

Indlela yobutyhefu ibandakanya ukubotshwa kwee-ion zecyanide kwi-cytochrome c oxidase, i-enzayim ebalulekileyo kwikhonkco lothutho lwe-electron ye-mitochondrial. Olu bophelelo luthintela iiseli ekusebenziseni i-oksijini, ngokuzixhamla ngokufanelekileyo kwinqanaba leselula. Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza kweempawu kuthetha ukuba unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile kwiimeko apho kukrokrelwa ukuba kukho ityhefu yecyanide.

Imithombo yokuVeliswa

Ngelixa i-sodium cyanide inxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kweshishini, inokufumaneka kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Umzekelo, iiarhente ezithile zokucoca izacholo kunye neepolishes zinokuqulatha iikhompawundi zecyanide, ezibeka umngcipheko kubasebenzisi ukuba aziphathwanga kakuhle. Ukongezelela, ezinye izinto zobugcisa, ezifana neentlobo ezithile ze-gouache kunye neepeyinti ze-watercolor, zinokuthi ziqulethe i-cyanide, igxininisa imfuneko yokulumkisa phakathi kwamagcisa kunye nabadlali bokuzilibazisa.

Amanyathelo oKhuseleko kunye nama-Antidotes

Ngenxa yetyhefu ephezulu ye-sodium cyanide, amanyathelo okhuseleko angqongqo ayimfuneko kwiindawo apho isetyenziswa khona. Oku kubandakanya uqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwabasebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela (i-PPE), kunye nokuphunyezwa kweeprothokholi zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza. Kwimeko yokuvezwa, ukuchithwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokungenelela kwezonyango kubalulekile.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-glucose inokusebenza njenge-antidote yetyhefu ye-cyanide, njengoko inceda ukubuyisela ukuphefumla kweselula. Ezinye ii-antidotes ziquka i-hydroxocobalamin, ebophelela kwi-ion ye-cyanide ukuze yenze i-complex engeyona ityhefu enokuthi ikhutshwe ngumzimba, kunye ne-sodium thiosulfate, eququzelela ukuguqulwa kwe-cyanide kwi-thiocyanate, i-compound encinci enetyhefu.

Iingxaki zokusiNgqongileyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwimigodi kunye namanye amashishini kuye kwaphakamisa inkxalabo ebalulekileyo yendalo. Ukukhutshwa ngengozi kwe-cyanide kokusingqongileyo kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kwi-ikhosistim yengingqi, ngakumbi ubomi basemanzini. Ukuchitheka kakubi kweBaia Mare cyanide ngo-2000 eRomania, okubangele ukungcoliseka kwemilambo nokufa kwamawakawaka eentlanzi, kusisikhumbuzo esicacileyo seengozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nalo mchiza.

Ukunciphisa le mingcipheko, amazwe amaninzi aphumeze imigaqo engqongqo elawula ukusetyenziswa kunye nokulahlwa kwe-sodium cyanide. Iinkampani kufuneka zibe nezicwangciso ezibanzi zolawulo lomngcipheko endaweni, kwaye ukuqhubela phambili kobuchwephesha kuphononongwa ukuze kuphuhliswe iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokutsalwa kwegolide kunye nezinye izicelo.

isiphelo

I-sodium cyanide yikhemikhali enamandla kwaye eguquguqukayo enezicelo ezibalulekileyo kwimizi-mveliso, ngakumbi kwicandelo lezemigodi. Nangona kunjalo, ubuthi bayo obuphezulu bubeka imingcipheko enkulu yempilo ebantwini nakwimekobume. Ukuqonda iipropati, ukusetyenziswa, kunye nobungozi be-sodium cyanide kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko ekuphatheni nasekusetyenzisweni kwayo. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka efuna iindlela ezisebenzayo zokutsalwa kwesinyithi kunye nokulungiswa, umngeni uhlala ulungelelanisa ezi mfuno kunye nemfuneko yokukhusela impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nemigudu yokulawula iya kubaluleka ekujonganeni nale mingeni kunye nokukhuthaza izenzo ezikhuselekileyo ekusebenziseni i-sodium cyanide.