Uphando malunga nokuLeaching kwiMfumba yeBanga eliPhantsi kunye noDongwe oluPhezulu oluXiweyo lweGolide

1. intshayelelo

Kwintsimi yemigodi yegolide, ukusetyenziswa kwegolide ephantsi kunye ne-high-dongwe ene-oxidized ores kuye kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuncipha kwemithombo yegolide ephezulu. Ezi ntlobo ze-ores zibonakaliswa ngumxholo wegolide ophantsi kunye nomxholo ophezulu wezimbiwa zodongwe, ezibeka imingeni ebalulekileyo kwiindlela zokuxhamla zendabuko. I-Heap leaching iye yavela njengendlela engabizi kakhulu kwaye esebenzayo yokunyanga i-ores enje, eyenza ukutsalwa kwegolide kumthamo omkhulu wezinto ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Eli nqaku libonisa uphononongo olubanzi malunga ne imfumba yokuvuza yomgangatho ophantsi kunye nodongwe oluphezulu lwentsimbi ekrwada, ejolise ekwandiseni inkqubo yokucoca kunye nokuphucula amazinga okubuyisela igolide.

2. Iimpawu ze-Low-Grade kunye ne-High-Clay Oxidized Gold Ore

Iintsimbi ezikrwada zegolide ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi zikholisa ukuba nebakala legolide elingaphantsi kwe-2 g/t, nto leyo eyenza ukutsalwa kwazo kwezoqoqosho kube nzima ngakumbi. Isiqulatho sodongwe esiphakamileyo kwezi ore sinokubangela iingxaki ezifana nokungangeni kakuhle, i-agglomeration, kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwee-reagents zokuvuza. Iiminerali zodongwe, ezifana ne-kaolinite, i-montmorillonite, kunye ne-illite, zinokubhengeza i-ion zegolide kwaye ziphazamise inkqubo yokukhupha. Ukongezelela, ubungakanani beqhekeza elincinci leeminerali zodongwe bunokukhokelela ekubunjweni komgangatho oxineneyo kwimfumba ye-ore, ukunciphisa ukudibanisa phakathi kwesisombululo se-leaching kunye neeminerali zegolide.

3. Indlela yoMfuniselo

3.1 ISampulu yentsimbi ekrwada kunye neempawu

Isampulu emele yomgangatho ophantsi kunye nodongwe oluphezulu lwentsimbi ekrwada yaqokelelwa kwindawo yemigodi. Isampulu ye-ore yahlalutywa malunga nokwakheka kweekhemikhali, i-mineralogy, kunye neempawu zomzimba. I-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) yayisetyenziselwa ukumisela ukubunjwa kwe-elemental, ngelixa i-X-ray diffraction (XRD) yayiqeshwe ukuchonga izigaba zeminerali. Uhlalutyo lwesayizi yesuntswana lwenziwe kusetyenziswa isihlunu sokuhluza ukuqonda ubungakanani bosasazo lwamasuntswana ore.

3.2 IiMfuniselo zokuFundisa ikholamu

Imifuniselo yekholamu yokuvuza iye yaqhutywa ukulinganisa inkqubo yemfumba yokuvuza. Isampulu ye-ore yatyunyuzwa kwaye yahluzwa kwiisayizi ezahlukeneyo zamasuntswana. Iikholomu ezinobubanzi be-10 cm kunye nobude be-100 cm zizaliswe ngeesampuli ze-ore. Uluhlu lwezilingo zenzelwe ukuphanda imiphumo yeeparameters ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ubungakanani be-ore particle size, idosi ye-calcium oxide (CaO), Isodium cyanide (NaCN) ukugxininiswa kwisisombululo se-leaching, kunye nexesha le-leaching, kwizinga legolide le-leaching.

3.3 Ukuphuculwa kweeParamitha zeNkqubo

Iiparamitha zenkqubo zaphuculwa ngoluhlu lwemifuniselo yento enye. Ubungakanani be-ore particle yahluka ukusuka kwi-20 mm ukuya kwi-5 mm, kunye ne-CaO dosage yahlengahlengiswa ukusuka kwi-1% ukuya kwi-5% ye-ore mass. I-concentration ye-NaCN kwisisombululo se-leaching yatshintshwa ukusuka kwi-0.05% ukuya kwi-0.2%, kwaye ixesha le-leaching landiswa ukusuka kwiintsuku ze-10 ukuya kwiintsuku ze-30. Izinga legolide lokuvuza libekwe iliso ngamaxesha athile ngokuhlalutya isiqulatho segolide kwi-leachate kusetyenziswa i-atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).

4. Iziphumo neengxoxo

4.1 Isiphumo sobungakanani beNceba yentsimbi

Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba ukucutha ubungakanani besuntswana lentsimbi kuphucule kakhulu izinga legolide. Xa ubungakanani besuntswana lentsimbi ekrwada laliyi-5 mm, izinga legolide lokuvuza lafikelela kuma-85% emva kweentsuku ezingama-20 zokuchetywa, lo gama kwisayizi yamasuntswana angama-20 mm, izinga lokuvuza lalingama-60% kuphela. Ubungakanani obuncinci bencinci buye kwandisa indawo yomhlaba we-ore, iququzelela ukudibanisa phakathi kwesisombululo se-leaching kunye neeminerali zegolide. Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani bamasuntswana acoleke ngokugqithisileyo bunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nokungangeni kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nokuphazamiseka kweminerali yodongwe.

4.2 Impembelelo ye-CaO Dosage

Ukongeza i-CaO kwimfumba ye-ore kunokuphucula ukugqobhoza kwentsimbi ekrwada kwaye kuhlengahlengise ixabiso le-pH lesisombululo se-leaching. Elona thamo lifanelekileyo le-CaO lifunyenwe liyi-3% yobunzima bentsimbi. Kule dosi, izinga legolide leaching lanyuswa kakhulu. Idosi ye-CaO esezantsi ibangele ukungonelanga kolungelelwaniso lwe-pH kunye nokungenwa lula, ngelixa idosi ephezulu inokubangela ukusetyenziswa okugqithisileyo kwezixhobo ezivuzayo kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho zokusingqongileyo.

4.3 Impembelelo ye-NaCN Concentration

I-concentration ye-NaCN kwisisombululo se-leaching ibe nefuthe elibalulekileyo kwizinga legolide. Njengoko i-concentration ye-NaCN inyuke ukusuka kwi-0.05% ukuya kwi-0.15%, izinga le-leaching yegolide lenyuke ukusuka kwi-70% ukuya kwi-90%. Nangona kunjalo, ukonyusa ngakumbi ugxininiso lwe-NaCN ukuya kwi-0.2% akuzange kukhokelele kuphuculo olubonakalayo kwizinga le-leaching kwaye kwandise iindleko kunye nemingcipheko yokusingqongileyo ehambelana noku. i-cyanide se benzisa.

4.4 Ixesha lokufundisa

Izinga legolide leaching liye landa ngokwandiswa kwexesha le-leaching. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-25 zokuhlanjululwa kwegolide, izinga legolide lokuvuza lafikelela kwithafa, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uninzi lwegolide eyayinokutsalwa inyibilikile. Ukwandisa ixesha le-leaching ngaphaya kweli nqanaba akuzange kubangele ukunyuka okuphawulekayo kwizinga le-leaching kodwa kwandisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zenkqubo.

5. Isiphelo

Olu phononongo lubonise ukuba ukuvuza kwemfumba yindlela esebenzayo yokunyanga intsimbi ekrwada yegolide ekumgangatho ophantsi kunye nodongwe oluphezulu. Ngokulungisa iiparameters zenkqubo, kubandakanywa ubungakanani be-ore particle, i-CaO dosage, i-concentration ye-NaCN, kunye nexesha le-leaching, isantya esiphezulu segolide se-leaching ukuya kwi-90% sinokufezekiswa. Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zinqunywe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ubukhulu be-ore particle -5 mm, i-CaO dosage ye-3%, i-concentration ye-NaCN ye-0.15% kwisisombululo se-leaching, kunye nexesha le-leaching yeentsuku ze-25. Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zibonelela ngezimvo ezixabisekileyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso yemfumba evuzayo ekuxwilweni kwegolide kudidi olusezantsi kunye noludongwe oluphezulu lwentsimbi ekrwada, igalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo loshishino lwemigodi yegolide.