I-Sodium Cyanide kwiNkqubo yokuLeaching ye-Arsenic-Bearing Ores

Kwicandelo lokucubungula izimbiwa, ukukhupha izinyithi ezixabisekileyo kwiintsimbi kudla ngokuzisa imingeni emikhulu, ingakumbi xa kusetyenzwa ngeentsimbi ezinzima ezifana nezo ziqulethe i-arsenic. Iintsimbi ezine-arsenic zinengxaki ngenxa ye-mineralology yazo entsonkothileyo kunye neengozi ezinokubakho kwindalo nakwimpilo ezinxulumene ne-arsenic. I-Cyanidation, inkqubo esebenzisa i-sodium cyanide , ibisoloko iyindlela yendabuko nesetyenziswa kakhulu yokukhupha igolide kwezi ntsimbi. Le posi yebhlog ihlola ukusetyenziswa kwe -Sodium Cyanide kwinkqubo yokukhupha iintsimbi ezine-arsenic, iphonononga imigaqo yayo, imingeni, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwendalo.

Ukuxakeka kweArsenic-Bearing Ores

Kwimigodi yegolide, iidiphozithi ze-hydrothermal zihlala zifunyanwa apho i-gold mineralization inxulunyaniswa ne-sulfides kunye neekhompawundi ze-base metals, i-arsenic, i-antimony, okanye i-tellurium. Olu hlobo lwe-mineralization lwenza kube nzima ukufumana igolide kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokudibanisa, ukwahlulwahlulwa kwamandla angaphantsi komhlaba, okanye i-cyanidation ethe ngqo . I-Arsenic, ngakumbi, inokuba nefuthe elibi kwinkqubo yokukhupha i-cyanide . Umzekelo, ngexesha lokurosta kunye nokuhluza i-cyanide ye-gold concentrate, i-arsenic yinto ephambili echaphazela izinga lokukhupha i-cyanide yegolide nesilivere. Njengoko umxholo we-arsenic kwi-gold concentrate unyuka, izinga lokukhupha igolide nesilivere kusetyenziswa i-Sodium cyanide liyehla kancinci kancinci.

Imigaqo yeCyanide Leaching ngeSodium Cyanide

Inkqubo ye-cyanide leaching kunye ne-sodium cyanide ixhomekeke kwisakhono se-cyanide ion ukwenza ii-complexes ezizinzileyo ngegolide. Kwimeko ye-arsenic-bearing ores, ubukho beeminerali ze-arsenic bunzima le nkqubo. I-Arsenopyrite, i-arsenic-bearing mineral mineral kwi-ores yegolide, inokusabela nge-cyanide kunye ne-oxygen. Xa i-arsenopyrite i-oxidized kwi-alkaline medium, ivelisa izinto ezinokuthi zithathwe ukusuka kwindawo yokusabela ngokuphazamisa. Nangona kunjalo, i-oxidation iphinda yenza into enokuthi idale umaleko phezu kwe-arsenopyrite engaphendulwanga, ethintela inkqubo yokukhupha.

Iingqwalasela kwiNkqubo yokuLeaching

Utyando

Ngenxa yemiceli mngeni evezwa yi-arsenic-bearing ores, unyango lwangaphambili luhlala luyimfuneko. Ukugcada kwakuyeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yonyango, kodwa eUnited States, ukugcadwa kweeminerali ezine-arsenic ezifana ne-arsenopyrite akusamkeleki ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo kukukhutshwa kwearsenic. Endaweni yoko, ezinye iinkqubo ze-hydrometallurgical, ezifana noxinzelelo lwe-oxidation, i-biological oxidation, kunye ne-chemical oxidation, ziyaphononongwa.

Iimeko zokuLeaching

Iimeko zokuvuza, kubandakanya i-pH, ubushushu, ukuxinana kwe-cyanide, kunye nokuphazamiseka, zibalulekile. Ukusabela okuntsokothileyo kwegolide kunye necyanide kwenzeka phakathi koluhlu lwe-pH lwe-9 - 12. kwaye iimvavanyo zibonise ukuba i-pH emalunga ne-11 isoloko ifanelekile kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation. Ubushushu buchaphazela izinga lokuphendula, kwaye kwezinye iinkqubo ezivelayo zokunyanga i-arsenopyrite enegolide, amaqondo obushushu aphantsi angasetyenziswa. Uxinzelelo lwe-cyanide kufuneka ilawulwe ngononophelo; Ugxininiso oluphezulu lunokunyusa izinga lokuvuza kodwa lunokubangela imingcipheko enkulu yokusingqongileyo nokhuseleko.

Ubungakanani bento

Ubungakanani besuntswana lesampulu ye-ore nayo ichaphazela izinga le-leaching. Ngokubanzi, ubungakanani bamasuntswana acolekileyo bukhokelela kumazinga aphezulu egolide avuzayo njengoko ebonelela ngomphezulu wendawo enkulu yokusabela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphumeza ubungakanani besuntswana obucoleke ngokugqithisileyo kunokufuna amandla ongezelelweyo kunye namanyathelo okucubungula.

IiNkalo zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko

I-Cyanide yinto enetyhefu kakhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwishishini lemigodi kuphakamisa inkxalabo ebalulekileyo yendalo kunye nokhuseleko. Ulwelo lwenkunkuma yesodium cyanide lunokubangela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okungcoliseka kwendalo. Xa kuthe kwachitheka icyanide, inokungcolisa umhlaba, imithombo yamanzi, kwaye yenzakalise izilwanyana zasendle. Ngoko ke, amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko aphunyezwa ngexesha lokugcinwa, ukuthutha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo enomoya kunye neyomileyo, ngokukhethekileyo kwindawo yokugcina impahla okanye kwikhabhinethi enezitshixo ezimbini. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kuyadingeka ngexesha lokugcinwa, kwaye ubushushu kunye nomswakama wendawo yokugcina kufuneka ilawulwe.

IiNdlela ezizezinye kunye neembono zexesha elizayo

Ngenxa yemingeni kunye neengozi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide, kukho umdla okhulayo ekuphuhliseni ezinye iindlela zokukhupha igolide kwi-arsenic-bearing ores. Ii-non-cyanide leaching agents, ezifana ne-thiosulfate, i-thiourea, kunye nezinye ii-reagents ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo, ziyaphandwa. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqhubela phambili kubuchwepheshe bonyango lwangaphambili kunye neenkqubo ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo zokutsalwa kulindeleke ukuba ziphucule ukufunyanwa kwegolide kwintsimbi ekrwada ene-arsenic ngelixa kuncitshiswa iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, nangona i-sodium cyanide isasebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo ekukhuculweni kweentsimbi ezine-arsenic ukuze kufunxwe igolide , eli shishini lihlala litshintsha ukuze lijongane nemingeni enxulumene nalo. Ngokuqonda unxibelelwano oluntsonkothileyo kwinkqubo yokukhuculwa, ukusebenzisa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunye nokuhlola ezinye iindlela zobuchwepheshe, imboni yezemigodi inokulwela iindlela zokukhupha ezizinzileyo nezisebenzayo.